Principles of motor learning Flashcards
(47 cards)
What was the set-up of the goal setting experiment?
4 groups of college men had goals for elbow flexion
2 had realistic goals
1 had unrealistic goal
1 had no goal
In the goal setting experiment, which group had the best performance
the one with unrealistic/ most difficult goal
What did the goal setting experiment show?
Goals are a strong form of motivation.
What was set up of Locke and Bryan study?
Subjects asked to manipulate hand and foot controls to match set of light patterns.
one asked to do your best and other group given a task to strive for.
What was results of Locke and Bryan study?
Group with task obtained more matches and improved quicker.
Goal setting helps define
the problem to be solved.
What are the clinical assumptions/implications of goal setting?
set goals slightly above what patient can do for greater improvement.
Providing choices (autonomy) enhances
intrinsic motivation
effort
task performance
Perceived competence.
Which choices are more effective? small incidental or major, task controlled??
small.
Visual demonstration of a skill to those who are learning the skill?
obersvational learning/modeling
What is the purpose of visual demonstration?
to begin to form a neural representation of skill that serves as a standard for error detection and correction.
These fire both when an animal acts or when they observe the same action being performed
mirror neurons
What does mirror neuron experiment show?
modeling a skill is beneficial to learning a skill.
how do you make demonstration effective?
- Use verbal instruction to direct learned to specific action (look at heels)
- Model the skill before practice and during.
The visual system picks up salient info from a model and provides what?
the motor system with basis for coordination and controlling of movement.
In extrinsic feedback, what is KR and KP
knowledge of results
knowledge of performance.
Feedback from a source other than from from the learner… is it intrinsic?
Augmented Feedback
no. not intrinsic
Information or feedback about the Outcome/success of movement in terms of the movement goal?
does it matter how it looks?
Knowledge of Results
nah
What is knowledge of results used to for?
- to confirm own assessments
- needed when intrinsic not present
- promotes active learning
Information about the characteristics or kinematics of movement used to achieve goal?
does it matter if goal was achieved?
Knowledge of performance.
nah
Knowledge of performance important for?
- skills requiring specific movements (kinetic/kinematic/muscular)
- complex,multilimb movement.
According to gentile, KP might be better ____ but KR ____-
early on
later.
What are the different ways to structure KR and KP feedback?
Concurrent Feedback Reduce frequency of feedback Summary Feedback Faded Feedback Bandwidth feedback.
Augmented feedback provided while a person is performing a skill or making movement
Concurrent Feedback.
