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ARRT Kettering > Procedures Kettering Audio > Flashcards

Procedures Kettering Audio Flashcards

1
Q

What does the term Decubitus mean?

A

Lying down with a horizontal beam

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2
Q

The elbow is ________ in relationship to the wrist.

A

Proximal

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3
Q

The wrist is _________ in relationship to the elbow

A

Distal

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4
Q

Sthenic Body Habitus

A

Average Body Habitus

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5
Q

Where can you find the stomach on a hypersthenic patient? How do you place the cassette to capture?

A

The stomach is higher, more transverse, more lateral
-Landscape Cassette

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6
Q

On a hypo and asthenic body habitus where is the stomach located?

A

Lower, more midline, more J shape
-Place the Cassette Portrait

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7
Q

Axial Skeleton Definition:

A

A portion of the skeleton toward the center or midline of the body. (Skull all the way down through Coccyx)

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8
Q

Appendicular Skeleton Definition:

A

Upper and Lower Extremities, shoulder and pelvic girdles

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9
Q

Anatomical Position Definition:

A

Standing erect, palms facing forward, looking straight ahead

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10
Q

In the hand the first digit is ________.

A

Thumb
More lateral

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11
Q

What is the medial bone of the lower leg?

A

Tibia

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12
Q

What is the Lateral bone of the lower leg?

A

Fibula

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13
Q

The medial bone of the forearm is:

A

The Ulna

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14
Q

The lateral bone of the forearm is:

A

Radius

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15
Q

Radiographic View Definition:

A

The body part as seen by the image receptor or other recording medium.

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16
Q

Radiographic Position Definition:

A

A specific body position or part that’s nearest to the IR
singular surface in contact

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17
Q

Radiographic Projection Definition:

A

Refers to the path of the CR/path of x-ray beam travel

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18
Q

If you are lying down on your back the position would be?

A

Supine Position
OR
Posterior Position

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19
Q

If you are standing with your back against the IR (chest stand) the position is:

A

Erect/Upright Position

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20
Q

If you are standing facing the tube the position is:

A

Erect/Upright Position
OR
Posterior Position

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21
Q

If the patient is supine the projection is:

A

AP projection

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22
Q

The path of the x-ray beam travel

A

Radiographic Projection

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23
Q

In a routine PA chest x-ray the PA stands for:

A

Posterior-Anterior
Posteroanterior

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24
Q

PA projection definition:

A

Enters the posterior surface and exits the anterior surface

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25
Q

Supine definition:

A

Lying down flat on back

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26
Q

If you are in the RPO Position you will also be in the:

A

Ap oblique projection

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27
Q

What is this image best demonstrating?

A

Flexion View of the L-Spine L4/L5 Spondylotisthesis (patient leaning forward)

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28
Q

ASIS location:

A

level of S1

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29
Q

Located at the C4-5 interspace

A

Thyroid Cartilage

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30
Q

Sternal angle located at the:

A

Level of T4-5

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31
Q

Sternal Notch is located:

A

level of T2, T3

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32
Q

Inferior angle of the scapula for a PA chest x-ray is located at the level of:

A

T7 (PA Projection of the chest)

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33
Q

Tip of the xiphoid process located:

A

At the level of T10 or T9-10 interspace

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34
Q

The umbilicus located at the level of:

A

L3-4 interspace of the lumbar spine

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35
Q

The iliac crest located:

A

At the level of L4-L5

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36
Q

The greater trochanter located:

A

same level of symphysis pubis

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37
Q

What is the same level of the symphysis pubis?

A

Greater trochanter

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38
Q

For a Lateral C-spine what are you seeing?

A

zygopophyseal joints superimposed (no intervertebral foramina)

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39
Q
A

a. Left Posterior Oblique Position
b. Left Anterior Oblique Position
c. Right Anterior Oblique Position
d. Right Posterior Oblique Position

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40
Q

24/7 36/5 immobilization devices that the technologist can use:

A

Sand bags, compression bands, sponges, draw sheets, adhesive tape, pig-O-stat.

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41
Q

Devices or custom built devices are commonly used for pediatric or limited population departments

A

“Pig-O-stat”

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42
Q
A

Glabellomeatal line (GML)
Orbitomeatal line (OML)
Infraorbitomeatal line (IOML)
Acanthiomeatal line (AML)
Lipsmeatal line (LML)
Mentomeatal line (MML)
External Acoustic Meatus (EAM)

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43
Q

The patient had his or her hands taped against their will:

A

Illegal restraint

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44
Q

The only person that can order a restraint device is the:

A

Physician

You can lose your license if you do so

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45
Q

As a technologist if you choose to angle the tube 30 degrees caudally for an AP Axial projection of the skull, then we position the:

A

OML Perpendicular

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46
Q

As a technologist if you choose to angle the tube 37 degrees caudally for the AP Axial Projection of the skull then we position the:

A

IOML perpendicular

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47
Q

A patient has trauma to the anterior surface of the ribs. What you should do as a technologist?

A

Put them in a PA Projection and put the surface in contact with the IR

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48
Q

If you want to demonstrate the best detail of the clavicle:

A

Put them in the PA Projection

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49
Q

Which of the following projections should a longitudinal arch of the foot be preformed routinely?

A

Lateromedial Projection

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50
Q

If I patient has a sinus headache what should you do as a technologist?

A

Ask them “patient what side are you hurting on, left side pain left side against”

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51
Q

When you preform an AP Axial Projection of what bone of the skull is in contact with the IR?

A

Occipital Bone
OR
Occipital Position

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52
Q

If you as a technologist are doing the AP Axial Projection 30 or 37 degrees of the skull what is the point of demonstration/criteria/purpose?

A

Project Dorsum cella and posterior clinoids directly through the foramen magnum

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53
Q

If the patient is lying down on their left ear the MSP is:

A

Parallel to the IR
Or
Parallel to the table

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54
Q

If the patient is lying down on their left ear the IP is:

A

Perpendicular

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55
Q

For a lateral projection of the skull the CR enters:

A

Perpendicular to the IR
5cm Superior to the EAM

2 inches x 2.5= 5 cm
1inch= 2.5 cm

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56
Q

PA Axial Projection of the skull CR:

A

(caldwell) 15 degrees caudad to exit the nasion
MSP and OML perpendicular to the IR

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57
Q

Where can you find the Petrous ridges in the PA Axial Projection?

A

Lower 1/3 of the orbits

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58
Q

Where can you find the Petrous ridges in the PA Projection of the skull?

A

Completely fill the orbits

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59
Q

On the PA projection what is in contact with the IR?

A

Nose and Forehead
OML perpendicular

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60
Q

SMV (full basal) line ______ to the IR:

A

IOML parallel to the IR
CR is perpendicular

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61
Q

A patient is elderly and cannot lean head all the way back, what do you do?

A

Unspecified Cephalic angle of the tube

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62
Q

Relationship between the IOML and the IR for SMV:

A

Parallel

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63
Q

Not flexible patient, the relationship between the CR is always __________ to what baseline of the SMV?

A

Perpendicular to the IOML

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64
Q

The IOML is positioned if flexible:

A

Parallel to the CR

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65
Q

THE CR IS _______ to what baseline (not flexible)

A

Perpendicular to the IOML

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66
Q

For the Lateral Skull the MSP is:

A

Parallel to the IR

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67
Q

For the Lateral skull the IPL is:

A

Perpendicular to the IR

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68
Q

The CR for a Lateral Skull:

A

Perpendicular to the IR to a point 5cm superior to the EAM

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69
Q

Facial bone views should be done _____ whenever possible to demonstrate air fluid levels.

A

Upright

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70
Q

Lateral Facial Bone CR enters:

A

halfway between the outercanthus and the EAM at the zygoma

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71
Q

Parietocanthial Projection (facial bones) :

A

MSP and MML perpendicular to IR
(neck is hyperextended so the OML forms a 37 degree with the IR)

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72
Q

How many degrees does the OML baseline form with the plane of the IR in the parietocanthial projection?

A

37 degrees*

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73
Q

PA Axial Caldwell:

A

15 degrees caudal to exit the nasion*

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74
Q

Parietocanthial projection CR exits:

A

Acanthion*

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75
Q

Where can you find the petrous ridges in the Parietocanthial projection?

A

The floor to the maxillary sinuses
(Completely below)
Inferior to the maxillary sinuses

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76
Q

PA modified Parietocanthial baseline:

A

OML forms a 55 degree angle with the plane of the IR*

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77
Q

What is the blow out fracture?

A

Fracture of the inferior orbital rim

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78
Q

Which of the following procedures will best demonstrate the blow out fracture of the orbit? Inferior orbital rim fracture.

A

Modified Parietocanthial projection*

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79
Q

What structures/anatomy make up a blowout fracture (fracture of inferior orbital rim)?

A

Zygomatic Arch
Zygoma
Maxilla
Palatine

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80
Q
A

Axio-lateral oblique (closed mouth)

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81
Q

Identify the image:

A

Lateral Flexion View of C-Spine

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82
Q

Identify the image:

A

Lateral Extension View of the C-Spine.

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83
Q

Identify the Image

A

External Oblique of the Elbow

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84
Q

Identify the Image

A

Internal Oblique of the Elbow

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85
Q

For the temporomandibular Joints the CR is angled:

A

25 degrees cephalic total angle

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86
Q

What is the CR for the axiolaterial oblique mandible?

A

CR directed 25 degrees Cephalic through the mandibular ramus closest to the IR.

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87
Q

As an operator if you place the patients head in a true lateral position tempomandibular joints then the point of demonstration of the mandible is:

A

Ramus

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88
Q

If you rotate the patient 30 degrees toward the IR the point of demonstration for the mandible is?

A

The body

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89
Q

If you rotate the face 45 degrees toward the IR (mandible) the point of demonstration is:

A

Mental Point (symphysis)

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90
Q

TMJ (Temporalmandibular Joints) routine should always be done:

A

With both open and closed mouth views

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91
Q

The Parietocanthial projection will demonstrate:

A

the Nasal Septum

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92
Q

The lateral nasal bone is to be done:

A

Table top
Bilateral for comparison
MSP parallel
IP perpendicular
CR 3/4 inch (2cm) below the nasion

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93
Q

Image on the left:
Image on the right:

A

Left: AP
Right: PA

(orbit size is larger because of OID)

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94
Q
A

Lateral Skull
Looking at the sella turcica (saddle)
2 inches above EAM
When would you use cross table lateral? Truama

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95
Q
A

PA Haas Method
OR
Reverse Townes
Helpful for Kyphotic Patients

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96
Q

The lateral facial bone projection shows:

A

Nasal Bone

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97
Q

How many septum’s do you have and nasal bones?

A

Right and left septum and one nasal bone

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98
Q

Paranasal Sinuses are to be done in what position?

A

Erect or Upright Position

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99
Q

What is the purpose of performing paranasal sinuses in the erect position?

A

Show air fluid levels

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100
Q

How many vertebrae are in this lateral c-spine?

A

7 (if you do not see the T1 articulation) what do you do next? lateral cervical projection

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101
Q
A
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102
Q

The only time you can demonstrate all four sets of sinuses at one time is through the:

A

Lateral paranasal sinuses projection

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103
Q

PA Axial projection for paranasal sinuses best demonstrates:

A

Frontal and anterior ethmoid sinuses

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104
Q

The PA Axial Projection, what sinuses are best demonstrated?

A

Frontal and anterior ethmoids

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105
Q

On the Parietocanthial projection what sinuses are best demonstrated?

A

The maxillary sinuses demonstrated free of superimposition

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106
Q

When preforming the open mouth perietocanthial what sinus is projected through the open mouth?

A

Sphenoid is demonstrated directly through the open mouth

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107
Q

The CR for the AP Axial Cervical Spine:

A

CR is angled 15-20 degrees Cephalic to the level of C4
40 inch SID

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108
Q

What is the purpose of the angular ion of the tube for the AP axial Cervical Spine?

A

Help open up the intervertebral disk spaces (joint spaces)

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109
Q

15-20 degrees Cephalic angulation on the Axial C-Spine, what is its purpose?

A

To open up the intervertebral joint spaces

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110
Q

What demonstrates the C1-2 relationship? (Pivot head back and forth)?

A

AP Open Mouth (Odontoid)

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111
Q

With the mouth wide open the occlusal plane is:

A

Perpendicular

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112
Q

Define occlusal plane:

A

Imaginary line drawn from the upper incisors (the biting surface of the teeth) to the tip of the mastoid or base of the skull

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113
Q

The occlusal plane is:

A

Perpendicular

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114
Q

If the base of the skull are superimposed on the AP open Mouth (odontoid) how do you fix it?

A

Place the chin closest to the chest (flexion) flex the head and neck

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115
Q

If you look at an examination and you see that the teeth are superimposing the odontoid process? How do you fix it?

A

Extend the head and neck. Raise the chin up (extension)

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116
Q

What do you do to the head and neck to fix this?

A

Extend the head and neck

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117
Q

How do you fix this?

A

Flex the head and neck

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118
Q

If you see the base of the skull is superimposed on top of the odontoid process:

A

Flex the head and neck

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119
Q

If you see the teeth are superimposed on top of the odontoid process:

A

Extend the head and neck

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120
Q

Lateral C-Spine SID:

A

Performed with 180 cm
Counteracts magnification, decrease OID

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121
Q

Can you count on a lateral C-Spine (C8) articulation. If you count and are missing the T-1 articulation (C-8). What do you do next?

A

Lateral cervical thoracic projection. Look to use hand weights to relax the shoulders and pull down in order to see the area.

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122
Q

If a patient comes in immobilized on a spine board as a technologist what are we going to do?

A

Horizontal beam lateral
Properly get it cleared by the attending physician

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123
Q

Anterior obliques positions (back to the c-ray tube) of the cervical spine best demonstrates the:

A

Intervertebral foramina closest to the IR

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124
Q

If the patient is facing the x-ray tube for a Anterior oblique cervical spine angle the tube:

A

15-20 degrees cuadad directed to the level of C4
-angle down, face down, side down

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125
Q

If the patient is in a Posterior oblique position for the cervical spine, what angle is the tube?

A

15-20 degrees cephalad to the level of C4
Face up, angle up, side up

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126
Q

Posterior Obliques of the cervical spine best demonstrates:

A

The foramina farthest from the IR

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127
Q

AP and PA Axial Obliques of the C-Spine best demonstrates:

A

The intervertebral foramina

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128
Q

If the patient is in a posterior oblique position (AP oblique projection) (when the patient is facing the tube) of the cervical spine. What angle?

A

15-20 caudad CR directed to the level of C4
BEST DEMONSTRATES UPSIDE

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129
Q

If the patients back is to the x-ray tube for a cervical spine, (anterior oblique position) what angle?

A

15-20 Cephalic angle
BEST DEMONSTRATES DOWN SIDE

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130
Q

When you do obliques of the spine C,T,L:

A

C best demonstrates: intervertebral foramina furthest to the IR
T best demonstrates zygo furthest to the IR
L best demonstrates zygo closest to the IR

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131
Q

When the patient is in the RPO Position facing the tube for the cervical spine best demonstrates:

A

Intervertebral foramina that is furthest from the IR

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132
Q

When the patient is in the RPO Position facing the x ray tube, the T-Spine best demonstrates:

A

The zygo furthest from the IR

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133
Q

In an RPO of the lumbar spine you best demonstrate:

A

Zygo closest to the IR

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134
Q

FFC (Fresh fried chicken)

A

Furthest furthest closest

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135
Q

When the patient had their back to the x-ray tube:

A

Anterior oblique position
PA oblique projection

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136
Q

On the anterior oblique positions PA oblique projections you best demonstrate:

A

Closest intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine
Closest zygo in the thoracic spine
Furthest zygo in the lumbar spine

(CRISPY CRUNCHY FRIES) CCF

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137
Q

When the patient is facing the tube what do we use?

A

Fresh fried chicken

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138
Q

When the patients back is to the tube:

A

CCF CRISPY CRUNCHY FRIES

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139
Q

Whose arm is up on the swimmers?

A

The arm closest to the IR

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140
Q

Which arm is down on the swimmers?

A

The arm closest to the tube

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141
Q

What is best demonstrated on the lateral swimmers?

A

Shows the cervical thoracic area or region

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142
Q

For the AP thoracic spine the CR:

A

Directed perpendicular to the IR to the level of T7 (inferior angle of the scapula)

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143
Q

Who’s part of the tube should be placed over the upper portion of the T-Spine?

A

Anode

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144
Q

What part of the tube should be placed over the lower part of the T-Spine?

A

Cathode

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145
Q

Lateral breathing and lateral expiration of the T-Spine CR:

A

Perpendicular to the IR at the level of T7

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146
Q

Which of the following examinations would require the use of a breathing technique?

A
  1. Lateral T-Spine
  2. AP projection of the Scapula
  3. Transthoracic lateral for the proximal humerus and shoulder (Lawrence method)
  4. Soft tissue neck
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147
Q

How do you reduce the ESE to the vitally sensitive organs?

A

Put them in the PA projection, turn the back to the beam

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148
Q

Definition of Scoliosis:

A

Abnormal lateral or side to side curvature of the spine

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149
Q

When the patient flexed the knees, what is the purpose?

A
  1. Reduce the normal lordotic curvature
  2. open up the joint (intervertebral) spaces
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150
Q

The CR for the lumbar spine?

A

Transversely at the top of the iliac crest (L4-L5) interspace
(Biggest cassette)

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151
Q

The CR for a lumbar spine if downsize the cassette?

A

Transversely 2.5 cm above the crest

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152
Q

The lumbar spine best demonstrates:

A

The heights of the lumbar vertebral bodies and intervertebral disk spaces

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153
Q

Definition of spondylotisthesis:

A

Forward displacement of one vertebra on top of another vertebra

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154
Q

Which of the following will best demonstrate the presence of spondylotisthesis?

A

L5-S1 Spot
Lateral

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155
Q

On an average male angle the tube: (L5-S1 spot lateral)

A

3-5 degrees caudally

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156
Q

On an average female (L5-S1 Spot) angle the tube:

A

5-8 degrees caudally

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157
Q

When the patient is on the back AP oblique projection lumbar spine (posterior oblique position) best demonstrates?

A

Zygopophyseal closest to the IR

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158
Q

The only time you can see a Scotty dog is through the?

A

Oblique of the lumbar spine

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159
Q

Pedicle of the Scotty dog:

A

Eye

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160
Q

Superior articular process of the Scotty dog?

A

Ear

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161
Q

The transverse process of the Scotty dog is the:

A

Nose

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162
Q

The neck of the Scotty dog is called the:

A

Pars Interacticularis

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163
Q

The front foot of the Scotty dog is:

A

The inferior articulating process

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164
Q

The back foot of the Scotty dog?

A

Inferior articular process of the opposite side

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165
Q

label D

A

Pedical

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166
Q

A?

A

Superior
Articular
Process

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167
Q

E?

A

Transverse Process

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168
Q

B?

A

zygapophyseal Joint

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169
Q

C?

A

Pars Interarticularis

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170
Q

The body of the Scotty dog?

A

Lamina and spinous process

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171
Q

The tail of the Scotty dog is the:

A

Superior articular process of the other side

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172
Q

The patient is lying on their back in an AP Axial Projection of the sacrum what is the angle of the tube?

A

15 degrees Cephalic alone the MSP to a point midway between the ASIS and symphysis pubis

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173
Q

When the patient is prone for an AP axial projection of the sacrum what is the angle of the tube?

A

CR is 15 Caudual along the MSP to a point midway between the ASIS and the symphysis pubis

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174
Q

The patient is lying on their back for the AP Axial coccyx what is the CR?

A

CR is angled 10 degrees caudad along the MSP to a point 5cm (2 inch) superior to the symphysis pubis

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175
Q

If the patient is prone for the AP axial coccyx what is the CR?

A

CR angled 10 degrees Cephalic along the MSP to a point 2 inches or (5 cm) superior to the symphysis pubis

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176
Q

What is a myeologram?

A

Sterile procedure done under fluoroscopic conditions

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177
Q

Where do you inject for a myeologram?

A

Contrast media is administered via spinal puncture into the subarachnoid space (intrathecal injection)

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178
Q

What does intrathecally refer to?

A

within the spinal canal

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179
Q

For a myelogram the preferred site of spinal puncture is:

A

L3-4 interspace

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180
Q

Primary pathology for myelogram is HNP stands for

A

herniated nucleus pulposus

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181
Q

Conus medullaris

A

lower border of L1 must inject lower than this level

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182
Q

Water soluble contrast is deposited into the:

A

Subarachnoid space

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183
Q

Primary purpose of performing a myelography is:

A

HNP (herniated nucleus pulpous)
Slipped disk

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184
Q

Sacroiliac Joints. When the patient is placed in a 25-30 degree posterior oblique position the CR:

A

1 inch (2.5 cm) medial to the upside ASIS

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185
Q

1 inch medial to ASIS

A

SI joint

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186
Q

Myelogram. Never inject into the body inject:

A

Below L1

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187
Q

When the patient is placed in a 25-30 posterior oblique. The CR will enter 1 inch medial to the upside ASIS, best demonstrated is the:

A

SI joint farthest from the IR

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188
Q

A patient is in an 25-30 degree anterior oblique and the CR is entering 1 inch medial to the ASIS, what is it best demonstrating?

A

The SI joint closest to the IR

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189
Q

The CR for an AP hip:

A

Perpendicular to the IR 6 cm distal to the midpoint of the line drawn between the symphysis pubis and the ASIS

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190
Q

For the AP hip the leg is rotated:

A

Internally 15 degrees

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191
Q

You have done the AP hip no obvious fracture is indentified, move on to the frog leg lateral? How many degrees from vertical is the leg abducted?

A

40-45 from vertical

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192
Q

You have done the AP hip, there is an obvious fracture and dislocation identified. Which of the following will take the place of the frog leg lateral?

A

Danelius-Miller Method
Cross table lateral hip

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193
Q

On a cross table lateral (horizontal beam) the CR is:

A

Perpendicular to the femoral neck and IR

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194
Q

The patient is lying on their back, the unaffected leg is up and out of the way, and you are shooting through the x-ray tube,neck, IR

A

Parallel
But the CR is perpendicular to the femoral neck

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195
Q

A patient presents with a bilateral hip fracture, what do you do?

A

Axiolateral Inferosuperior trauma (Clement’s-Nakayama)
Patient lies supine with lower limbs in neutral position

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196
Q

What is the axiolateral inferosuperior (Clements-Nakayama) preformed for?

A

Bilateral hip fractures

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197
Q

innominate bone consists of:

A

Ilium iscium pubis
Right innominate bone and Left innominate bone

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198
Q

What part of the innominate bone is formed by all three innominate bones ilium, ischium, and pubis?

A

Acetabulum

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199
Q

What bares the weight of the body while a person is sitting down?

A

Iscial tuberosity

200
Q

AP pelvis both feet and legs are:

A

Internally rotated 15-20 degree to overcome the anti- version of the femoral necks (feet are straight up neck are foreshortened)

201
Q

CR for an AP pelvis?

A

Perpendicular to the MSP to a point (5 cm) superior to the symphysis pubis

202
Q

If you see a picture of a pelvis and the lesser trochanters are obvious how are you going to fix that?

A

rotate the feet 15-20 toward the midline

203
Q

On the AP pelvis, axial anterior pelvic bone Inlet projection CR:

A

Directed 40 caudad to the MSP and entering the body at the level of the ASIS

204
Q

The most common patients for scoliosis series?

A

Teenagers

205
Q

AP pelvis, axial anterior pelvic bone outlet projection (Taylor Method) male range when the patient is supine:

A

20-35 cephalic

206
Q

PA vs. AP for breast tissue for scoliosis purpose?

A

Breast tissue dose is decreased with PA

207
Q

Scoliosis series is done with what SID?

A

150-180 cm

207
Q

What is wrong with this image?

A

They did not center correctly, cutting off the back of the spinous processes. CR is too anterior.

208
Q

Uses a block to elevate the hip on the convex side (scoliosis)

A

Ferguson Method

209
Q

Measurement tool for radiologists:

A

Cobb Method

210
Q

Outlet projection (Taylor method) for female supine range:

A

30 to 45 degrees

211
Q

Hysterosalingogram demonstrates:

A

patency (openness) of the filopian tube
May be diagnostic or Therapeutic tool
Primary indication is infertility
Performed with OBGYN
Kink in fallipian tube (could straighten it out)
Endometriosis ( egg is having trouble in transport system)
Ectopic pregnancy (tubal pregnancy)
Egg is having trouble being fertilized

212
Q

Why do you do a PA chest erect at 180 cm SID?

A

To reduce heart magnification

213
Q

What is the purpose of performing a chest in an erect position?

A

Show air fluid levels

214
Q

The CR for an AP or PA chest upright?

A

Perpendicular to the IR at the level of T7 (inferior angle of the scapula)

215
Q

“Patient take a deep breath in blow it out and take another deep breath in and hold it, please don’t breathe”

A

Exposure taken at the end of a second deep full inspiration for the chest x-ray

216
Q

The proper breathing command for a chest?

A

Second deep full inspiration

217
Q

Look at an image. Identify a specific letter or number or choose on a hotpot:

A

Right apex
Left costerphrenic angle,
Right 6th posterior rib
Right Hilar region
Aortic arch

218
Q

When evaluating a routine PA projection of the chest to look for rotation all of the following are true except:

A

Medial ends of the clavicle to equal distance from the spine (yes)
Scapula rotated outside of the lung field (yes)
Shoulders rolled forward (yes)
9-10 anterior ribs below the diaphragm *** (no posterior)

219
Q

Can you look at a lateral chest and see if it is rotated?

A

Yes or no

220
Q

Put the following in order from anterior to posterior:

Esophagus
Spine
Trachea
Heart

A

Anterior to posterior

Heart
Trachea
Esophagus
Spine

221
Q

Put the following in order from posterior to anterior:

A

Spine
Esophagus
Trachea
Heart

222
Q

What is the purpose of performing the chest in the AP lordotic position?

A

Showing the apices without superimposition

223
Q

The AP lordotic chest may be performed:

A

With the patient standing vertically against the IR with the CR angled 15-20 degrees Cephalic or come in horizontal and the patient arches their back

224
Q

AP supine chest disadvantage:

A

Lose air fluid levels (yes)
Create cardiomegaly (yes)

225
Q

The patient comes in and can’t stand or is in the ICU or ICCU the endotracheal tube.

A
226
Q

Conus medullaris

A

Lower border of L1, must inject lower than this level

227
Q

Cisternal puncture

A

Between Atlanto-occipital joint space

228
Q

What does HNP stand for?

A

Herniated nucleus purposus

229
Q

The endotracheal tube (ET) should not extend past the level of:

A

Carina

230
Q

The main stem bronchus bifurcates at the level of:

A

Carina

231
Q

At what level does the carina bifercate?

A

T5-T5 6 interspace

232
Q

What main stem bronchus is higher and more vertical?

A

The right side

233
Q

How high above should the ET tube be placed above the level of the carina?

A

The tip of the tube should stop above 5cm above the level of the bifurcation (carina) T5 or sternal angle

234
Q

If you want to demonstrate the where the air is in the lateral decubitus?

A

Put that side of the lung up

235
Q

If you want to best demonstrate the fluid in the lung: (pleural effusion)

A

Put that side of the lung down

236
Q

If you best want to demonstrate a right sided pleural effusion, which decubitus would you preform?

A

Right side down

237
Q

If you best want to demonstrate a right sided pneumothorax which decubitus would you preform?

A

Left lateral decubitus

238
Q

Which of the following would best take the place of air fluid levels if the patient can’t sit or stand erect?

A

Right lateral
Left lateral decubitus
Decubitus

239
Q

AP or PA ribs above the diaphragm:

A

Upright on inspiration

240
Q

AP or PA ribs below the diaphragm:

A

Upright and on expiration

241
Q

Posterior and Anterior oblique rib:

A

45 degree rotation of the body

242
Q

When the patient is facing the x-ray tube and it’s an AP oblique projection (posterior oblique position) RPO and LPO best demonstrate:

A

RPO: Right axillary portion of the ribs
LPO: Left axillary portion of the rib

243
Q

Which of the following two obliques will best demonstrate the axillary portion of the ribs?

A

LPO position
RAO position

244
Q

Why do you preform the obliques for the ribs to demonstrate:

A

Axillary portion
Lateral margin

245
Q

Perform the lateral sternum with what SID?

A

180 cm (72 inches)

246
Q

How do you counteract OID?

A

Increase SID (reduce magnification)

247
Q

The very top of the sternum is called:

A

Manubrium

248
Q

The body of the sternum is the:

A

Gladiolus

249
Q

Tip of the zyphoid process

A
250
Q

If you have a smaller patient how do you oblique the patient for an RAO sternum breathing technique?

A

20 degrees

251
Q

If you have a bigger patient how do you oblique the patient for an RAO sternum breathing technique?

A

15 degrees

252
Q

What is the purpose of preforming the sternum in the RAO position?

A

Project the sternum through the homogenous heart shadow

253
Q

Which chest x-ray is used for active TB?

A

AP Axial Chest (AP lordotic)

254
Q

Valsalva maneuver:

A

Patient bear down like you are going to have a bowel movement

255
Q

What is the single most common reason the valsalva maneuver is preformed?

A

Inner ear infection
Esophagial Varices
Hiatal Hernia

256
Q

KUB stands for:

A

Kidneys, ureters, bladder

257
Q

the spongy cancellous bone separating the inner and outer layers of the cortical bone of the skull

A

Diploe

258
Q

The name of the lines that separate the regions or planes of the body:

A

Addison’s planes

259
Q

X-Axis

A

Left to Right, Sagittal

260
Q

Y-axis

A

Front to Back, Coronal

261
Q

z axis

A

head to toe, axial/transverse

262
Q
A

Elbow with the hand pronated, medial oblique of the elbow
3. coronoid process in profile

263
Q

When the patient flexes the knees for the AP supine (KUB) what does that do?

A

Makes the patient feel more comfortable
Opens up the joint spaces and reduces normal lordotic curvature

264
Q

AP supine (KUB) CR:

A

Perpendicular to the MSP to the level of the iliac crest

265
Q

AP Supine (KUB) breathing instructions

A

Full Expiration
“Patient blow all of your air out, please don’t breathe”

266
Q

Identify the right psoas muscle, left SI joint, top of the crest, body of L3. On an image

A

Identify

267
Q

The head of the pancreas on a normal body habitus is located?

A

RUQ

268
Q

The body’s and the tail of the pancreas on a normal body habitus?

A

LUQ

269
Q

How many regions of the body do we have?

A

9 regions

270
Q

RUQ anatomy:

A

Majority of the liver, gallbladder, right kidney, right super adrenal gland, hepatic flexure

271
Q

Where is the majority of the stomach located? (Quadrant)

A

LUQ

272
Q

What quadrant is the appendix located in?

A

RLQ

273
Q

When you do erect abdomens you are looking for:

A

Free intraperitoneal air
Free intraabdominal air
Free air under the diaphragm

274
Q

What is the most important anatomy to demonstrate when performing the erect abdomen?

A

The entire diaphragm

275
Q

Whenever you want to show air fluid levels the relationship between the x-ray tube (beam) and the floor:

A

Tube Parallel
Horizontal

276
Q

For an AP upright abdomen the IR:

A

Is centered approximately 2-3 inches (5-8 cm) above the level of the iliac crest because you are trying to get the entire diaphragm

277
Q

For the abdomen always do ______ when considering air fluid levels, air will rise to right.

A

LLD
Left Lateral Decubitus
Recumbent LLD

278
Q

If the patient can not sit or stand erect which of the following would take its place?

A

Left lateral decubitus of the abdomen

279
Q

Upper rib pain is ribs:

A

1-7

280
Q

Lower rib pain is ribs:

A

8-12

281
Q

What is the minimum time a patient needs to be in a decubitus?

A

5 minutes

282
Q

Part of the alimentary canal:

A

Esophagus

283
Q

If you better want to evaluate the esophageal wall like the lining of the esophagus:

A

Use thick barium suspension

284
Q

What is the best way to demonstrate the esophageal varices?

A

Trendelenburg
Supine
Recumbent

285
Q

A thick barium suspension is used to demonstrate:

A

Esophageal wall

286
Q

The gastric folds of the stomach are called:

A

Rugae

287
Q

Which of the following will best demonstrate the deodunal bulb c-loop?

A

RAO

288
Q

Hiatal hernia:

A

A portion of the stomach balloons into the diaphragm

289
Q

Which of the following will best demonstrate the presence of hiatal hernia?

A

Trendelenburg

290
Q

In a dual contrast study when the patient is supine and in the LPO position:

A

Barium in the fundus of the stomach

291
Q

In a dual contrast study when the patient is prone or in the prone oblique (RAO) the patient will have:

A

Air in the fundus

292
Q

Give you a dual contrast study, which examination are you dealing with? Picture.

A

RAO
Supine
Etc.
not a question

293
Q

Which of the following are timed examinations?

Small Bowel
IVU
KUB
LLD of abdomen

A

Yes
Yes
No
Yes

294
Q

I’m a left lateral decubitus the patient should hold position for:

A

Five full minutes

295
Q

What is the shortest portion of the small bowel?

A

Duodenum

296
Q

What is the largest potion of the small bowel?

A

Ileum

297
Q

All of the following are parts of the of the small bowel except:

Ilium
Ileum
Jejunum (feathery appearance of the bowel)
Duodenum

A

Ilium (iliac crest) does not belong

298
Q

When is a small bowel series considered to be complete?

A

Illeocecal
Cecum
Terminal ileum (TI)
Large Intenstine
Ascending Colon (DO NOT PICK THIS ONE)

299
Q

Feathery appearance of the bowel

A

Jejunum

300
Q

The flow of the barium enema:

A

Cecum
Vermaform
Ascending
Descending
Hepatic Flexture
Transverse Colon
Splenic flexture
Etc, (look up!!)

301
Q

Which of the following will best demonstrate the presence of/which of the following pathologies would be most enhanced/best demonstrated with the use of a double contrast study?

A

Polyps

302
Q

Lying down in the enema tipping position known as the:

A

Sims position

303
Q

How do positions the enema tip?

A

Inserted 2-3 inches (5-8 cm)
Directed anteriorly and superiority upon passage of the rectal opening

304
Q

Head is lower than the feet

A

Trendelenburg

305
Q

Patients feet are elevated

A

Fowlers

306
Q

Right side down in a right lateral decubitus, best going to demonstrate:

A

Medial portion of the ascending
Lasteral portion of the descending

307
Q

Left side down in a left lateral decubitus demonstrates:

A

Medial side of the descending colon
Lateral side of the ascending colon

308
Q

Obliques for a BE the point of demonstration is always the:

A

Flexture

309
Q

In a posterior oblique position (LPO) for a BE you best demonstrate:

A

Up side Flexture
Hepatic Flexture

310
Q

If you do the RPO position you best donstrate the:

A

Splenic Flexure and the descending colon

311
Q

Which two obliques will best demonstrate the splenic Flexture when performing a BE

A

RPO
LAO

312
Q

AP axial (sigmoid) or supine in the butterfly requires a CR:

A

30-40 degrees cephalic

313
Q

PA Axial (sigmoid) (butterfly) prone CR:

A

30-40 degrees caudad

314
Q

What is the purpose of performing the axial sigmoid?

A

To show the rectosigmoid area or region without significant superimposition

315
Q

Post-evacuation

A

Bowel the last image on the BE

316
Q

Post-Void

A

Last image on the urinary system such as an IVU/Cystogram

317
Q

Which of the following examinations will be performed in a retrograde study?

A

BE
ERCP
(Goes against the flow)
Done in fluoro
Done in the department

318
Q

What is your access point when performing an ERCP?

A

The duodenal (duodenum) papilla

319
Q

Non-functional procedure that evaluates the contours and anatomical structure of the urinary bladder

A

Cystography (Cystogram)

320
Q

Requires a 150 to 500 mL of contrast media administered by gravity in a retrograde fashion into the bladder using a Foley catheter

A

Retrograde Cystogram

321
Q

AP/AP Axial Cystogram

A

Supine legs fully extended
CR directed 2 inches (5cm) superior to the symphysis pubis with a 10-15 caudal tube angle
Demonstrates signs of reflux, obstruction, cystitis, and calculi

322
Q

Esophagus anatomy study!!

A

Upper esophagus, pharynx

323
Q

The involuntary construction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal creating wave-like movements that push the contents of the canal forward

A

Peristalsis

324
Q

Unintended inhalation of fluid or solid material

A

Aspiration

325
Q

Swallowing distinction patients (CINE)

A

Speech pathologist
Uses video fluoroscopy
Stroke patients

326
Q

For compression of the abdomen and bowel images are performed:

A

Prone

327
Q

Single contrast study includes: and shows:

A

BA only, anatomy and muscle contraction

328
Q

Double contrast BE uses: shows:

A

Gas and Ba
Defects in mucosal lining and intraluminal lesions

329
Q

Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) for male

A

30 RPO while voiding

330
Q

When performing a Cystogram or voiding cystourethrogram what makes it functional?

A

Fill bladder up image it and continue to image as the patient goes

331
Q

A Cystogram and voiding cystourethrogram can both commonly be performed to rule out

A

reflux of the uterus in children

332
Q

When performing a 25-30 degree posterior oblique position best demonstrate:

A

The up side kidney because it is parallel in profile (right)
Downside ureter

333
Q

What is the purpose of performing a retrograde urography? Retrograde study for the urinary system?

A

Trying to evaluate any filling defects!

334
Q

Know your anatomy for extremity. Hand foot wrist elbow knee shoulder!

A
335
Q

Foot CR (AP or AP axial)

A

Perpendicular 10 degrees posteriorly to the base of the third metatarsal (10 degree cephalic) 10 degrees posterior, 10 degrees proximally

336
Q

In the foot you have:

A

14 phalanges
Great toe: IP
*know anatomy

337
Q

When performing a medial oblique of the foot the plantar surface forms a ______ angle with plane of the IR.

A

30 degree angle

338
Q

When you oblique the foot the plantar surface forms a ______ angle with the IR

A

30 degree

339
Q

On the medial oblique of the foot we best demonstrate:

A

Lateral structures

340
Q

When you do a lateral oblique of the foot you best demonstrate:

A

Medial Structures

341
Q

All of the following structures are best demonstrated on the medial oblique of the foot except:
Base of the fifth metatarsal
Cuboid
3rd cuneiform
1st cuneiform

A

1st cuneiform

342
Q

On a 30 degree oblique you best demonstrate on a lateral oblique of the foot except:
1st cuneiform
2nd cuneiform
Nuvicular
Cuboid

A

Cuboid

343
Q

Which of the following will best demonstrate the longitudinal arch of the foot?

A

Perform it in the lateral weight bearing method

344
Q

How should you routinely perform a longitudinal arch of the foot?

A

Lateromedial projection

345
Q

Dorsiflexion (hyperflexion)

A

90 degrees angle where the foot and the tib fib make a 90 degree angle

346
Q

Axial calcanious plantodorsal CR:

A

CR is angled 40 degree to the long axis of the foot angering the level of the base of the 3rd metatarsal

347
Q

The patient is seated on the table thier leg is placed on the table and their foot is hyperflexed, the CR enters with a 40 degree angular ion of the base of the 3rd matatarsal. Described:

A

Axial calcaneous (plantodorsal)

348
Q

The CR enters the dorsal surface of the ankle at 40 degrees caudad angle to the center of the IR, the patient is prone, the ankle is on sandbags and the ankle is dorsiflexed:

A

Dorsoplantar axial calcaneous

349
Q

AP Ankle:

A

Knee is fully extended with the ankle placed in a dorsiflexion position, foot is flexed 90 degrees to the long axis of the lower leg
CR is directed perpendicular to the IR to the mid-malleolar region

350
Q

Where does the AP ankle CR enter?

A

Mid malleolar region

351
Q

How many degrees do you oblique the part for the AP oblique mortise of the ankle?

A

15-20 degrees toward the midline

352
Q

Mortise joint:

A

Wood work joint
Open joint space of the tibia, fibula, and talus

353
Q

What is the purpose of performing AP projection (stress) images of the ankle?

A

After an Inversion/Eversion injury for a ligamous tear

354
Q

Who stresses the joint for the AP (stress) projection for the Ankle?

A

The physician

(The technologist NEVER stresses the tear)

355
Q

Which is the weight bearing bone?

A

Tibula

356
Q

Which is the non- weight bearing bone of the lower leg?

A

Fibula

357
Q

Which bone projects down more distally? The Tibula or Fibula?

A

The Fibula

358
Q

The Tibia is in relationship to the Fibula:

A

Medial and anterior

359
Q

The fibula is ____; and _____ to the Tibia.

A

Lateral and posterior

360
Q

You have a long bone and both joints to demonstrate, clinically what do we do with the SID? How do we turn the cassette

A

Increase
Turn cassette Diagonally

361
Q

Know the anatomy of the knee:

A

Femoral condyles
Medial and lateral
Interconbuka eminences (tibial spine)

362
Q

The CR of the AP knee is:

A

1/2 below the patellar apex

363
Q

Anytime an anatomical part (thin pelvis) for an AP knee measures 19cm or less:

A

3-5 degree caudal angulation

364
Q

Anytime an average pelvis for an AP knee is 19-24 cm we angle the tube?

A

Perpendicular

365
Q

Anytime we have a large pelvis greater than 24 cm, we angle the tube: (AP knee)

A

3-5 degrees Cephalad

366
Q

The anatomical part for the lateral knee is:

A

Flexed 20-30 degrees

367
Q

When you place a 5-7 chephalic angulation on the lateral knee the purpose is to:

A

Superimpose the condyles and epicondyles

368
Q

Be able to look for rotation for the knee on an image

A

Abductor tubercle
(Look at the relationship between the proximal Tib and Fib) when they start to seperate from eachother you are overrotated. If the area is more superimposed underrotated

369
Q

Which of the following will best demonstrate the:
Meniscus
joint spaces
cartilage and it’s joint spaces
Arthritis

A

Bilateral AP weight bearing knees

370
Q

When you perform a 45 degree medial oblique of the knee what is best being demonstrated?

A

Shows the proximal tibia and fibula joint spaces without superimposition

371
Q

The patient is kneeling on all fours lean forward 20 degree and it’s a 70 degree angle and the CR enters

A

perpendicular
PA axial intercondylar fossa (Hombland)

372
Q

If you are going to demonstrate the intercondylar follsa (tunnel view) the CR must always maintain a relationship:

A

Perpendicular to the Tibia and Fibula
Perpendicular to the lower leg

373
Q

The lateral patella demonstrates:

A

Transverse fractures

374
Q

Prone flexion 90 degree (settagas) demonstrates:

A

Vertical fractures

375
Q

When a patient presents with a perforation (gastrografin gastroview):

A

Water soluble

376
Q

A tangential projection (Merchant) (Settegast) of the patella is not to be performed until you rule out what type of fracture from the lateral?

A

Transverse Fracture

377
Q

A tangential projection demonstrates (prone projection known as the settegast) what type of fracture?

A

Verticals

378
Q

The fingers PA of the entire hand CR:

A

Directed perpendicular to the 3rd metacarpophalangeal joint

379
Q

The 1st, 2nd, 3rd digit you get what type of rotation?

A

Medial rotation

380
Q

4th and 5th digits rotation?

A

Lateromedial

381
Q

When performing a routine lateral do the second digit what projection is this being performed in?

A

Mediolateral

382
Q

When performing a routine lateral do the fifth digit what projection is this being performed in?

A

Lateromedial projection

383
Q

When performing a routine lateral of the second digit what bone of the forearm is touching the IR:

A

Radius

384
Q

When performing a routine lateral of the fifth digit what bone of the forearm is touching the IR:

A

Ulna

385
Q

When positioning a hand in the PA projection the thumb sits in:

A

Natural oblique

386
Q

The PA projection of the Hand the CR enters:

A

Perpendicular to the base of the 3rd MCP joint

387
Q

The distal aspect of each digit is called a:

A

Distal Tuft

Thumb: IP
Other digits: DIP PIP
Heads of metacarpals anatomy
Wrist anatomy

388
Q

Which of the filling will best demonstrate a A foreign body in the hand:

A

Lateral and finger extension

389
Q

When performing a routine fan lateral of the hand will the:
radius and ulna be superimposed
Carpals and metacarpals be superimposed
Phalanges

A

Yes
Yes
No (phalanges without superimposition)

390
Q

Know wrist Antony

A

Proximal row thumb side: scaphoid, triquettum, pisiform, trapezium, capitate, hamate
Distal row thumb side
Some lovers try positions they can not handle

391
Q

Where is the scaphoid in relationship to pisiform?

A

Lateral

392
Q

Where is the scaphoid in relationship to hamate?

A

Proximal and Lateral

393
Q

What is the most commonly fractured carpal of all?

A

Scaphoid

394
Q

What is the largest carpal of all?

A
395
Q

Why do we flex the fingers?

A

Reduces the OID and helps to demonstrate the anatomy better

396
Q

Which of the following will best demonstrate the intecarpal spaces?

A

The AP projection wrist

397
Q

Any scaphoid view requires the hand to be in:

A

Ulnar deviation
Scaphoid without as much foreshortening and as much superimposition

398
Q

Stetcher method:

A

Elevate the part 20 degrees while the hand is in ulnar devaition
Angling the CR toward the elbow

399
Q

Tangential Carpal Canal (tunnel) (Gaynor-Hart) CR:

A

Directed to the palm of the hand approximately 1 inch (2.5 cm) distal to the base of the 3rd metacarpal at an angle of 25-30 degrees to the long axis of the hand

400
Q

What is the name of the nerve that gets inpenged (pressed upon) in carpal tunnel syndrome that causes all the pain?

A

Median Nerve

401
Q

An AP forearm the epicondylar line is of the elbow is:

A

Positioned parallel to the IR

402
Q

In a lateral forearm the humerus:

A

Placed in the same plane as the forearm

403
Q

Lateral forearm the epicondylar line is:

A

Perpendicular to the IR

404
Q

Forearm AP the hand is:

A

Supinated with the elbow fully extended

405
Q

When performing the forearm, why do we do the forearm in the AP projection and not the PA?

A

overlap of the radius and ulna if done in PA

406
Q

Lateral forearm the elbow is:

A

Flexed 90 degrees with the hand and wrist placed in true lateral position

407
Q

What is the medial bone of the forearm?

A

Ulna

408
Q

What is the lateral bone of the forearm?

A

Radius (thumb side)

409
Q

Know the elbow anatomy.

A

As the humorous distends it fits into the notch (trochlear notch)
Olecranon
Olecranon process (keeps from hyperextending that fits into the fossa)

410
Q

For the AP elbow the hand is:

A

Supinated with the elbow completely extended

411
Q

What part of the distal humerous will articulate with the:

A

Ulna (trochlea)
Radius (capitulum)

412
Q

For the lateral elbow the elbow is flexed:

A

90 degrees with the hand and wrist in true lateral position

413
Q

The lateral elbow the epicondylar line is positioned:

A

Perpendicular to the IR

414
Q

Th lateral elbow the humerus is:

A

On the same plane as the forearm

415
Q

Which of the following will best demonstrate fat pad displacement?

A

Lateral Elbow

416
Q

The CR for the lateral elbow:

A

Perpendicular to the elbow joint

417
Q

Which of the following will best demonstrate the Olecranon/processin profile?

A

Lateral Elbow

418
Q

Show an image which one is an oblique elbow.

A

Yes or no

419
Q

On an external oblique of the elbow you best demonstrate:

A

Radial head with no superimposition over the ulna and capitulum

420
Q

The medial oblique of the elbow best demonstrates:

A

The Olecranon as it articulated with the fossa and the coronoid process free of superimposition

421
Q

If the patient cannot fully extend the arm:

A

Two views must be taken
One with the humerus parallel and one with the forearm parallel

422
Q

On the AP projection of the humerous is shows:

A

Greater tubercle in profile laterally

423
Q

Where can you find the lesser tubercle in profile?

A

Lateral non-trauma humerus

424
Q

For a scapular Y view PA oblique if the shoulder how much do you oblique the patient?

A

45-60 degree oblique

425
Q

If the head of the humerous is seated over the base of the Y:

A

Not dislocated

426
Q

If the head of the humerous is seated underneath the Coracoid:

A

Anteriorly displaced

427
Q

If the head of the humerous sits below the acromium:

A

Posterior displaced

428
Q

The transthoracic lateral/inferosuperior axial (Lawrence) thee CR:

A

Directed at the surgical neck of the affected humerous

429
Q

Identify on an image internal rotation of a shoulder and external rotation of a shoulder on an image

A

Yes or no

430
Q

AP with extrenal rotation shows of the shoulder:

A

The greater tubercle in profile laterally

431
Q

AP with internal rotation of the shoulder shows:

A

Lesser tubercle in profile medially

432
Q

Right shoulder:

A

RPO

433
Q

Left shoulder:

A

LPO

434
Q

Posterior Oblique (Grashey)

A

The patient is supine or upright the body is rotated 35-45 degrees toward the effected side

435
Q

For the Posterior Oblique (Grashey) what are you showing/demonstrating?

A

Glenohumeral joint space and the glenoid cavity in profile
Seperate the two
Scapherohumeral joint space without superimposition

436
Q

What is the most anterior aspect of the scapula?

A

Coracoid

437
Q

What is the most superior lateral structure of the scapula?

A

Acromion process

438
Q

How do you properly position for an AP scapula?

A

The patient supine
The arm is abducted to form a right angle with the chest
Elbow is flexed and arm brought to a forehand
CR is directed perpendicular to the IR 2 inches (5cm) inferior to the Coracoid process

439
Q

AP or PA clavicle

A

Supine prone or upright the arm of the affected side is relaxed at the side
CR is directed perpendicular to the mid-shaft of the clavicle

440
Q

As a technologist you are dealing with a AP Axial of the Clavicle:

A

15-30 Cephalic angle to the mid shaft of the clavicle
Patient positioned similar to AP
Demonstrates the clavicle above the lung field and rib cage

441
Q

If as a technologist you are dealing with a PA Axial projection of the clavicle:

A

15-30 cuadad angle to the midshaft of the clavicle

442
Q

Should AC joints be done all of the following except:
I’m the erect position
Bilateral for comparison
Avoid stressing the joint space if you suspect a shoulder separation?

A

Erect bilateral
With and without weights
Yes
Yes
No

443
Q

Bone age study (Greulich and Pyle Method)

A

Ask the patient what hand they favor
PA left hand or wrist (non-dominant)
Single PA projection of the non dominant hand and wrist

444
Q

Which of the following pathologies would a shoulder arthrogram be preformed to rule out?

A

Torn Rotator Cuff

445
Q

Which of the following pathologies would be best demonstrated for a knee arthrogram?

A

Minisci
Joint Spaces
Cartilage
Cartilage and it’s joint spaces

446
Q

Divides the body into equal right and left halves:

A

Midsagittal/median sagittal (MSP) plane

447
Q

Any plane running parallel to MSP

A

Sagittal

448
Q

Divides the body into equal anterior and posterior halves

A

Mid coronal/mid axillary (MCP)

449
Q

Any plane running parallel to MCP

A

Coronal

450
Q

Divides the body into superior and inferior portions

A

Transverse/horizontal

451
Q

small rounded point of a bone

A

Tubercle

452
Q

A round prominence; especially a large prominence on a bone usually serving for the attachment of muscles or ligamnets

A

Tuberosity

453
Q

a groove or fissure, especially a fissure between two convolutions of the brain

A

Sulcus

454
Q

A shallow depression in the bone surface

A

Fossa

455
Q

a long, narrow cut or depression, especially one made to guide motion or receive a corresponding ridge

A

Groove

456
Q

a protuberance or projection on a bodily part and especially a bone

A

Eminence

457
Q

an opening or hole through tissue, usually bone

A

Foramen

458
Q

A type of joint between the bones of the skull where the bones are held tightly together by fibrous tissue

A

Suture

459
Q

directed or moving backward

A

retrograde

460
Q

antegrade

A

moving or extending forward

461
Q

Having to do with the area outside or behind the peritoneum (the tissue that lines the abdominal wall and covers most of the organs in the abdomen

A

Retroperitoneal

462
Q

Within the peritoneal cavity (the area that contains the abdominal organs).

A

Intraperitoneal

463
Q

C1

A

Mastoid Tip

464
Q

C2-C3

A

Gonion

465
Q

C3-C4

A

Hyoid Bone

466
Q

C5

A

Thyroid (Adam’s Apple)

467
Q

C7

A

Vertebral Prominens (spinous process)

468
Q

L2-L3

A

Inferior Costal (rib) margin

469
Q

L3-L4

A

Umbilicus

470
Q

Iliac Crest

A

L4-L5

471
Q

T1

A

2 inches above the Jugular Notch

472
Q

T2-T3

A

Jugular Notch

473
Q

T4-T5

A

Sternal Angle

474
Q

T7

A

Inferior angle of scapula

475
Q

T9-T10

A

Xiphoid Process

476
Q

S1

A

ASIS

477
Q

Coccyx

A

greater trochanter

478
Q

label the images, what percentage of the population?

A
  1. Massive (hypersthenic)-5%, 2. Average (sthenic)-50%,
  2. Slender (hyposthenic)-35%, 4. Very Slender (Asthenic)-10%
479
Q

Stomach is more J-shape more midline

A

Hyposthenic/Asthenic

480
Q

Identify each body habitus.

A

A. Sthenic
B. Hyposthenic
C. Asthenic
D. Hypersthenic

481
Q

Identify Body Habitus:

A

A. Hypersthenic
B. Sthenic
C. Hyposthenic/Asthenic

482
Q

What body habitus is the duodenal bulb to the right of the midline at the level of T11-T12?

A

Hypersthenic

483
Q

What body habitus is the duodenal bulb slightly to the right of the midline at the level of L1-L2?

A

Sthenic

484
Q

What body habitus is the duodenal bulb at the midline at the level of L3-L4?

A

Hyposthenic/Asthenic

485
Q

is this a correct lateral lumbar spine?

A

no, rotated

486
Q

What is wrong with this image?

A

the patient is rotated
seeing double sacrum
no clear intervertebral joint spaces

487
Q
A

Pedical is anterior so the patient is under rotated

488
Q
A

Patient is over rotated (closer to the lateral position)

489
Q
A

The technician forgot to angle the tube

490
Q
A

Spondylotisthesis

491
Q
A

Flexion Lumbar Spine
Done in lateral position

492
Q
A

Extension View of Lumbar Spine
Done in lateral position

493
Q
A

Right and Left Bending Views
Done in AP position

494
Q
A
495
Q
A

ARRT Kettering (15 decks)

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