Procedures Unit Test

Question 1

In order to accurately position the patient for hip images, one has to localize two bony points on the pelvis. These two reference points are the:

1.) superior margin of the pubis symphysis
2.) lesser trochanter of the femur
3.) anterior superior iliac spine

a.) 1 and 3
b.) 1 and 2
c.) 1, 2 and 3
d.) 2 and 3

Answer 1

a.) 1 and 3

Question 2

The obliquity used to demonstrate the zygopophyseal joints of the lumbar spine is 45 degrees. When evaluating the resultant radiography, how is the correctness of the obliquity demonstrated?

a.) relationship of the pedical and the lumbar body
b.) spaced between adjacent vertebral bodies
c.) distance between the ear and tip of the front leg of the scottie dog
d.) amount of curvature in the lumbar region

Answer 2

a.) relationship of the pedical and the lumbar body

Question 3

Which two projections must be taken for an injury to the right anterior upper ribs?

a.) PA and RAO
b.) AP and RAO
c.) PA and LAO
d.) AP and LPO

Answer 3

c.) PA and LAO

Question 4

The vermiform appendix of the colon is attached to the:

a.) sigmoid
b.) ascending colon
c.) cecum
d.) ileum

Answer 4

c.) cecum

Question 5

A radiograph of a PA oblique of the hand reveals that the midaspect of the fourth and fifth metacarpals is partially superimposed. What specific positioning error has been committed ?

a.) incorrect CR angulation
b.) excessive lateral rotation
c.) fingers of hand are not flexed sufficiently
d.) insufficient lateral rotation

Answer 5

b.) excessive lateral rotation

Question 6

A comminuted fracture of the ring of the atlas that involves both anterior and posterior arches and causing displacement of the fragments?

a.) spina bifida
b.) jefferson fracture
c.) spondylolysis
d.) handman fracture

Answer 6

b.) jefferson fracture

Question 7

A general positioning rule is to place the long axis of the part ______________ to the long axis of the image receptor.

a.) axial
b.) adjacent
c.) parallel
d.) perpendicular

Answer 7

c.) parallel

Question 8

What is the purpose for the AP stress views of the ankle?

a.) to demonstrate possible stress fractures
b.) to demonstrate possible joint separations or ligament tear
c.) to demonstrate tears in the joint spaces
d.) to demonstrate loose bodies in the ankle joint

Answer 8

b.) to demonstrate possible joint separations or ligament tear

Question 9

Which of the following evaluation criteria pertains to the AP oblique projection of the ribs?

a.) axillary portion of the ribs of interest should be free of superimposition
b.) sternal ends of the clavicles should be equidistant from the vertebral column
c.) trachea should be seen in the midline of the thorax
d.) heart and mediastinum should be seen in the center of the image

Answer 9

a.) axillary portion of the ribs of interest should be free of superimposition

Question 10

The CR for an AP axial L5-S1 view of a male patient should be?

a.) 30 caudal
b.) 35 caudal
c.) 30 cephalic
d.) 35 cephalic

Answer 10

c.) 30 cephalic

Question 11

A left AP hip image of a patient who was rotated toward the right side demonstrates:
1.) a narrowed left obturator foramen
2.) the sacrum and coccyx rotated toward the left hip
3.) a narrowed left iliac wing
4.) the lesser trochanter in profile

a.) 2, 3 and 4 only
b.) 1, 2 and 3 only
c.) 1 only
d.) 2 and 3 only

Answer 11

d.) 2 and 3 only

Question 12

A radiograph taken during an esophagram using thin barium mixture demonstrates that there is very little contrast media in the esophagus. Which of the following points will improve filling of the esophagus? (the exposure was made on inspiration after the last swallow)

a.) shorten exposure time
b.) have the patient perform mullers maneuver during the exposure
c.) have the patient perform valsalvas maneuver during the exposure
d.) have the patient drink during the exposure

Answer 12

d.) have the patient drink during the exposure

Question 13

For a lateral projection of the abdomen, the patient can be placed in the dorsal decubitus position, left lateral position and left lateral decubitus position. All require which of the following?

a.) the patient should suspend respiration after expiration
b.) the central ray should enter the left side of the patient
c.) the central ray should enter the anterior side of the abdomen
d.) the patient should suspend respiration after inspiration

Answer 13

a.) the patient should suspend respiration after expiration

Question 14

Which of the following topographic landmarks corresponds with the L4-L5 vertebral level?

a.) lower costal margin
b.) ASIS
c.) iliac crest
d.) xiphoid process

Answer 14

c.) iliac crest

Question 15

Which tarsal bone lies directly anterior to the talus?

a.) medical cuneiform
b.) cuboid
c.) lateral cuneiform
d.) navicular

Answer 15

d.) navicular

Question 16

The primary structures shown when demonstrating the elbow using the coyle method are the:
1.) coracoid process
2.) coronoid process
3.) radial head

a.) 1, 2 and 3
b.) 2 and 3
c.) 1 and 3
d.) 1 and 2

Answer 16

b.) 2 and 3

Question 17

Situation: A patient comes to radiology for a follow up study of the lumbar spine. The patient had a spinal fusion performed at the L3-4 level 4 months earlier. Which of the following would best demonstrate the degree of movement at the fusion site?

a.) lateral hyperextension and hyperflexion projections
b.) ferguson method
c.) right and left 45 degrees oblique projections
d.) AP and lateral erect projections

Answer 17

a.) lateral hyperextension and hyperflexion projections

Question 18

The opening between the small intestine and the large intestine is called the:

a.) ileocecal valve
b.) pyloric valve
c.) greater duodenal papilla
d.) ampulla of vater

Answer 18

a.) ileocecal valve

Question 19

Valid evaluation criteria for a lateral projection of the forearm requires that:

1.) the epicondyles be parallel to the IR
2.) the radius and ulna be superimposed distally
3.) the radial tuberosity should face anteriorly

a.) 1, 2 and 3
b.) 2 only
c.) 1 and 2
d.) 2 and 3

Answer 19

d.) 2 and 3

Question 20

The act of swallowing is termed:

a.) aphasia
b.) digestion
c.) deglutition
d.) mastication

Answer 20

c.) deglutition

Question 21

When performing trauma radiography:

a.) remove cervical collars only under the direction of a radiologist
b.) remove cervical collars only under the direction of an emergency department physician
c.) splints, bandages, and cervical collars should be removed so that they do not obstruct the anatomy that must be imaged
d.) splints, bandages, and cervical collars should be removed only after preliminary images have been viewed by a physician so that they do not obstruct the anatomy that must be imaged

Answer 21

d.) splints, bandages and cervical collars should be removed only after preliminary images have been viewed by a pysician so that they do not obstruct the anatomy that must be imaged

Question 22

The suture formed by the temporal and parietal bone is the:

a.) squamosal
b.) mid sagital
c.) lambdoidal
d.) mid coronal

Answer 22

a.) squamosal

Question 23

Which of the following is true regarding positioning for the waters method?
1.) the orbitomeatal line forms a 37 degree angle with the plane of the cassette
2.) the mentomeatal line is perpendicular to the cassette plane
3.) the coronal plane is perpendicular to the cassette plane

a.) 1 and 3
b.) 2 and 3
c.) 1 and 2
d.) 1, 2 and 3

Answer 23

c.) 1 and 2

Question 24

Which portion of the scapula articulates with the humeral head?

a.) glenoid fossa
b.) coracoid process
c.) acromion
d.) coronoid process

Answer 24

a.) glenoid fossa

Question 25

An AP chest image obtained with the patient rotated into an RPO position demonstrates :
1.) the left SC joint superimposed over the vertebral column
2.) the left posterior ribs with greater length than right posterior ribs
3.) a manubrium superimposed over the fourth thoracic vertebra
4.) elevated lateral clavicular ends

a.) 1 and 3 only
b.) 1, 2 and 3 only
c.) 3 only
d.) 2 and 4 only

Answer 25

a.) 1 and 3 only

Question 26

If someone is hit directly in the eye, a __________ fracture can occur.

a.) tripod
b.) lefort
c.) blowout
d.) colles

Answer 26

c.) blowout

Question 27

The following bones participate in the formation of the obturator foramen:
1.) ilium
2.) ischium
3.) pubis

a.) 1 and 2
b.) 1 and 3
c.) 2 and 3
d.) 1, 2 and 3

Answer 27

c.) 2 and 3

Question 28

A patient is lying on her back. The xray tube is horizontally directed with the CR entering the right side of the body. The image receptor is adjacent to the left side of the body. What is the radiographic position ?

a.) right lateral decubitus
b.) left lateral
c.) dorsal decubitus
d.) left lateral decubitus

Answer 28

c.) dorsal decubitus

Question 29

The RPO position (judet method) of the right acetabulum will demonstrate the :

a.) Posterior rim of the right acetabulum
b.) left iliac wing
c.) anterior rim of the right acetabulum
d.) anterior iliopubic column

Answer 29

c.) anterior rim of the right acetabulum

Question 30

The patients chin should be elevated during chest radiography to:

a.) assist in maintaining an upright position
b.) avoid superimposition on the apices
c.) permit the diaphragm to move to its lowest position
d.) keep the MSP parallel

Answer 30

b.) avoid superimposition on the apices

Question 31

The largest sinus is the:

a.) ethmoidal
b.) frontal
c.) sphenoid
d.) maxillary

Answer 31

d.) maxillary

Question 32

What type of respiration should be used for abdominal radiography?

a.) suspend respiration
b.) inspiration
c.) breathing technique
d.) expiration

Answer 32

d.) expiration

Question 33

Which metatarsal bone of the foot has a prominent tuberosity frequently fractured?

a.) third
b.) first
c.) fourth
d.) fifth

Answer 33

d.) fifth

Question 34

The hip bone is comprised of which of the following:
1.) ilium
2.) pubis
3.) sacrum

a.) 1 and 3
b.) 1, 2 and 3
c.) 2 and 3
d.) 1 and 2

Answer 34

d.) 1 and 2

Question 35

A radiograph of the abdomen demonstrates involuntary motion die to bowel perstalsis (involuntary contractions). Which of the following factors will best eliminate this problem during the repeat exposure?

a.) decrease SID
b.) turn patient into prone position rather than supine
c.) decrease exposure time
d.) use higher kv

Answer 35

c.) decrease exposure time

Question 36

A high and transverse stomach would be found in an ________ patient.

a.) sthenic
b.) asthenic
c.) hypersthenic
d.) hyposthenic

Answer 36

c.) hypersthenic

Question 37

Which of the following would best demonstrate arthritic changes in the knees?

a.) medial oblique
b.) AP erect
c.) lateral recumbent
d.) AP recumbent

Answer 37

b.) AP erect

Question 38

How much CR angulation is required for the AP axial projection for the cervical spine?

a.) 15 to 20 degrees cephalad
b.) 15 to 20 degrees caudad
c.) CR is perpendicular to the image receptor
d.) 5 to 10 degrees cephalad

Answer 38

a.) 15 to 20 degrees cephalad

Question 39

A vertical plane which divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is called:

a.) squamosal plane
b.) transverse plane
c.) coronal plane
d.) sagital plane

Answer 39

c.) coronal plane

Question 40

Why must the technologist slightly angle the CR caudad for most AP projections of the chest?

a.) this prevents clavicles from obscuring apices of lungs
b.) this separates the heart from the great vessels
c.) this elongates the carina
d.) this prevents overlap of chin on the upper airway

Answer 40

a.) this prevents clavicles from obscuring apices of the lungs

Question 41

The coronoid process should be visualized in profile with which of the following positions?

a.) medial oblique elbow
b.) lateral oblique elbow
c.) AP scapula
d.) scapular Y

Answer 41

a.) medial oblique elbow

Question 42

The articulating surfaces of the articular processes of the vertebrae are covered with fibrocartilage. These surfaces are called:

a.) foramen
b.) notches
c.) facets
d.) tubercles

Answer 42

c.) facets

Question 43

Which structure of the knee is best demonstrated with the PA axial projection (holmblad method)?

a.) intercondylar fossa
b.) tibiofibular articulation
c.) patella
d.) femoropatellar joint

Answer 43

a.) intercondylar fossa

Question 44

The small, synovial filled sacs, which relieve pressure and reduce friction in joint tissues, are called:

a.) tendons
b.) bursae
c.) ligaments
d.) cartilage

Answer 44

b.) bursae

Question 45

Which cranial bone contains the cribiform plate?

a.) occipital
b.) ethmoid
c.) sphenoid
d.) temporal

Answer 45

b.) ethmoid

Question 46

Situation: A geriatric patient comes to radiology for a lumbar spine series. She has severe kyphosis of the thoracolumbar spine. Which one of the following modifications should be applied to this patient?

a.) use high (90 KV) for all projections
b.) include all the entire spine for all projections regardless what was ordered by the physician
c.) perform all positions erect
d.) perform all positions recumbent, include flexion and extension projections

Answer 46

c.) perform all positions erect

Question 47

To prevent lateral rotation, how should the foot be positioned for a lateral projection of the ankle?

a.) in plantar flexion
b.) in dorsiflexion
c.) on a 15 degree angle wedge
d.) on a 10 degree angle wedge

Answer 47

b.) in dorsiflexion

Question 48

_____________ is caused by a bacteria and is spread through droplets in the air.

a.) lung abcess
b.) RSV
c.) tuberculosis
d.) pneumosis

Answer 48

c.) tuberculosis

Question 49

A waters projection will demonstrate which structure the best?

a.) odontoid
b.) crista galli
c.) maxillary sinus
d.) ethmoid sinus

Answer 49

c.) maxillary sinus

Question 50

The third metacarpal of the hand articulates with the:

a.) lunate
b.) capitate
c.) scaphoid
d.) hamate

Answer 50

b.) capitate

Question 51

Along with the use of erect positions what other technical factor is important to demonstrate air/fluid levels in paranasal sinuses?

a.) use of medium kv
b.) horizontal xray beam
c.) use of IR without a grid
d.) small focal spot

Answer 51

b.) horizontal xray beam

Question 52

A correctly positioned lateral skull can be evaluated by the:

1.) orbital roofs
2.) petrous ridges
3.) sella turcica
4.) EAM’s

a.) 3 and 4
b.) 2 only
c.) 1, 2 and 3
d.) 1 and 3

Answer 52

d.) 1 and 3

Question 53

Which plane must be accurately parallel with the IR to prevent distortion of the thoracic structures during a lateral chest radiograph?

a.) transverse plane
b.) midsagital plane
c.) coronal plane
d.) horizontal plane

Answer 53

b.) midsagital plane

Question 54

If the teeth are obscurring the odontoid process in the open mouth position, how should skull positioning be adjusted ?

a.) bring the chin up
b.) lower the chin
c.) tilt the head slightly to the right
d.) flex the head toward more

Answer 54

a.) bring the chin up

Question 55

During a double contrast BE , which of the following positions would afford the best visualization of the lateral wall of the descending colon and the medial wall of the descending colon?

a.) left lateral decubitus
b.) right lateral decubitus
c.) ventral decubitus
d.) AP or PA erect

Answer 55

b.) right lateral decubitus

Question 56

What is the difference, in degrees between the infraorbitalmeatal and orbitomeatal lines?

a.) 7 to 8 degrees
b.) 15 to 2 degrees
c.) 10 degrees
d.) 20 to 25 degrees

Answer 56

a.) 7 to 8 degrees

Question 57

Which projection of the knee best opens the femoropatellar space?

a.) AP
b.) lateral
c.) internal oblique
d.) external oblique

Answer 57

b.) lateral

Question 58

Which structures are located on the proximal radius?

a.) head and styloid process
b.) head and tuberosity
c.) olecranon process and tuberosity
d.) olecranon process and styloid process

Answer 58

b.) head and tuberosity

Question 59

The pituitary gland is located in which cranial bone?

a.) sphenoid
b.) ethmoid
c.) parietal
d.) palatine

Answer 59

a.) sphenoid

Question 60

The prominent protuberance found on the anterior aspect of the ilium is the:

a.) ischial tuberosity
b.) anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
c.) symphysis pubis
d.) iliac crests

Answer 60

b.) anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

Question 61

A correctly positioned modified waters projection of the facial bones will include the OML forming a ____________ degree angle to the image receptor

a.) 50
b.) 55
c.) 30
d.) 37

Answer 61

b.) 55

Question 62

Which of the following may be used to evaluate the glenohumeral joint?
1.) scapular Y
2.) inferosuperior axial
3.) transthoracic lateral

a.) 1 and 2 only
b.) 1 only
c.) 1, 2 and 3
d.) 2 and 3

Answer 62

c.) 1, 2 and 3

Question 63

The minimum projections needed for every radiographic exam are:

a.) flat and upright
b.) AP and lateral
c.) two at right angles to one another
d.) both sides

Answer 63

c.) two at right angles to one another

Question 64

A radiographic image of the skull is to be obtained in the AP axial (towne) projection. If the infraorbitomeatal line is perpendicular to the image receptor the central ray should be directed:

a.) at a caudal angulation of 37 degrees
b.) at a caudal angulation of 30 degrees
c.) at a caudal angulation of 42 degrees
d.) at a cephalic angulation of 45 degrees

Answer 64

a.) at a caudal angulation of 37 degrees

Question 65

For the KUB image, when should respiration be suspended and what effect will it have on the patient?

a.) on full expiration, depresses the diaphragm
b.) on full inspiration, elevates the diaphragm
c.) on pull inspiration, depresses the diaphragm
d.) on full expiration, elevates the diaphragm

Answer 65

d.) on full expiration, elevates the diaphragm

Question 66

The xiphoid process is at what vertebral level?

a.) T7
b.) T10
c.) T6
d.) L1

Answer 66

b.) T10

Question 67

The central ray for AC joints should be:

a.) T1-2
b.) 2 inches above the jugular notch
c.) at the jugular notch
d.) about 1 inch above the jugular notch

Answer 67

d.) about 1 inch above the jugular notch

Question 68

At what stage of respiration should the enema tip be inserted into the rectum?

a.) on inspiration
b.) on expiration
c.) during slow deep breaths
d.) during shallow short breaths

Answer 68

b.) on expiration

Question 69

To demonstrate the body of the scapula in the lateral projection, the arm is positioned as follows:

a.) flex the elbow and place the hand on the anterior abdomen
b.) flex the elbow and place the hand on the posterior thorax
c.) extend the arm upward and rest the forearm on the head or grasp the opposite shoulder
d.) extend the arm straight down at the side in the anatomical position

Answer 69

c.) extend the arm upward and rest the forearm on the head or grasp the opposite shoulder

Question 70

The central ray angulation for the tangential projection (inferosuperior) of demonstrating the carpal canal is:

a.) 25 to 30 degrees
b.) 25 degrees
c.) 35 to 45 degrees
d.) 30 degrees

Answer 70

a.) 25 to 30 degrees

Question 71

The palantine is part of the _______________ bone.

a.) vomer
b.) zygomatic
c.) lacrimal
d.) maxilla

Answer 71

d.) maxilla

Question 72

In the lateral projection of the foot, the
1.) plantar surface should be perpendicular to the IR
2.) metatarsals are superimposed
3.) talofibular joint should be visualized

a.) 2 and 3
b.) 1, 2 and 3
c.) 1 only
d.) 1 and 2

Answer 72

d.) 1 and 2

Question 73

Which of the following positions of the abdomen is obtainedwith the patient lying supine on the radiographic table and the CR directed horizontally to the iliac crest?

a.) ventral decubitus position
b.) PA abdomen
c.) lateral decubitus position
d.) dorsal decubitus position

Answer 73

d.) dorsal decubitus position

Question 74

What is the major advantage of the PA projection of the abdomen over the AP projection of the abdomen?

a.) the PA projection reduces the exposure dose to the gonads
b.) the PA projection reduces the OID of the kidneys
c.) the PA projection magnifies gallstones for better visualization
d.) the PA projection demonstrates the pubic rami below the urinary bladder

Answer 74

a.) the PA projection reduces the exposure dose to the gonads

Question 75

Which of the following projections of the wrist requires the IR to be inclined toward the elbow at an angle of 20 degrees from horizontal?

a.) PA with ulnar deviation
b.) PA
c.) PA oblique
d.) axial (stretcher method)

Answer 75

d.) axial (stretcher method)

Question 76

Which projection of the wrist requires that the radial styloid process be superimposed over the ulnar styloid process?

a.) PA with ulnar deviation
b.) PA axial (stretcher method)
c.) PA
d.) lateral

Answer 76

d.) lateral

Question 77

The zygomatic arches are a part of which bone?

a.) temporal
b.) sphenoid
c.) frontal
d.) parietal

Answer 77

a.) temporal

Question 78

Which of the following planes is placed perpendicular to the tabletop and centered to the midline of the grid for a lateral lumbar spine?

a.) transverse plane
b.) midsagital plane
c.) horizontal plane
d.) midcoronal plane

Answer 78

d.) midcoronal plane

Question 79

A radiographic image of the fourth finger is to be obtained in the lateral projection. In this projection, the:

a.) anterior surface of the hand should be resting on the image receptor
b.) lateral surface of the hand should be resting on the image receptor
c.) posterior surface of the hand should be resting on the image receptor
d.) medial surface of the hand should be resting on the image receptor

Answer 79

d.) medial surface of the hand should be resting on the image receptor

Question 80

What two bony landmarks are palpated for positioning of the elbow?

a.) trochlea and capitulum
b.) radial and ulnar styloid processes
c.) humeral epicondyles
d.) humeral condyles

Answer 80

c.) humeral epicondyles

Question 81

What projection will demonstrate the dorsum sella and posterior clinoid processes within the foramen magnum?

a.) lateral
b.) PA axial (caldwell)
c.) parietoacanthial projection (waters)
d.) AP axial projection (towne)

Answer 81

d.) AP axial projection (towne)

Question 82

Ingestion of barium sulfate is contradicted in which of the following situations?
1.) suspected perforation
2.) suspected diverticulitis
3.) preoperative patients

a.) 1 only
b.) 1, 2 and 3
c.) 2 and 3
d.) 1 and 3

Answer 82

d.) 1 and 3

Question 83

Which projection does not demonstrate free air levels within the abdomen?

a.) AP projection with the patient supine
b.) lateral projection, dorsal decubitus position
c.) AP projection with the patient upright
d.) AP projection, left lateral decubitus position

Answer 83

a.) AP projection with the patient supine

Question 84

A PA oblique (RAO) large intestine image with accurate positioning demonstrates:

1.) the rectosigmoid segments without superimposition
2.) a narrowed right iliac ala
3.) the entire large intestine
4.) decreased superimposition (when compared with a PA image) of the right colic flexure limbs

a.) 2 and 3 only
b.) 1, 2, 3, and 4
c.) 1, 2 and 3 only
d.) 1 and 4 only

Answer 84

b.) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Question 85

Which of the following projections require that the humeral epicondyles be perpendicular to the IR?
1.) AP humerus
2.) lateral forearm
3.) internal rotation shoulder

a.) 1, 2 and 3
b.) 2 and 3
c.) 1 and 2
d.) 1 only

Answer 85

b.) 2 and 3

Question 86

The ___________ large intestine projection gives an elongated view of the rectosigmoid area of the colon

a.) axial rectosigmoid
b.) axial PA/AP
c.) AP/PA
d.) lateral decubitus

Answer 86

b.) axial PA/AP

Question 87

Which of the following will clearly demonstrate the cuboid?

a.) AP
b.) AP oblique in lateral rotation
c.) AP oblique in medial rotation
d.) lateral

Answer 87

c.) AP oblique in medial rotation

Question 88

Central ray and image receptor centering for a 1 hour small bowel radiograph should be:

a.) at level of the ASIS
b.) 1 inch below level of the iliac crest
c.) 2 inches above level of the iliac crest
d.) at level of the iliac crest

Answer 88

d.) at level of the iliac crest

Question 89

Which of the following contrast mediums are used for examination of the gastrointestinal tract?
1.) air
2.) barium sulfate
3.) water soluble iodinated solution

a.) 2 and 3
b.) 1 and 2
c.) 1, 2 and 3
d.) 1 and 3

Answer 89

c.) 1, 2 and 3

Question 90

What CR angle is required for the AP axial, inlet projection?

a.) 30 degrees cephalad
b.) 20 degrees caudad
c.) 40 degrees caudad
d.) 10 degrees cephalad

Answer 90

c.) 40 degrees caudad

Question 91

Most adults have a __________ type skull.

a.) dolichocephalic
b.) brachycephalic
c.) mesocephalic

Answer 91

c.) mesocephalic

Question 92

Which two structures primarily form the hingelike structure and movement of the elbow joint?

a.) coronoid process and coronoid fossa
b.) capitulum and trochlea
c.) coronoid fossa and trochlea
d.) trochlea and olecranon process

Answer 92

d.) trochlea and olecranon process

Question 93

Structures involved in a blowout fracture include:

1.) orbital floor
2.) maxilla
3.) zygoma

a.) 1, 2 and 3
b.) 1 and 3
c.) 2 and 3
d.) 1 only

Answer 93

d.) 1 only

Question 94

A radiograph of an AP axial (taylor) “outlet” projection reveals that the obturator foramina are not symmetric. What type of positioning problem is present on this radioggraph?

a.) rotation of the pelvis
b.) tilt of the pelvis
c.) probable fracture of the pubis or ischium
d.) the CR was off center

Answer 94

a.) rotation of the pelvis

Question 95

The suture located between the occipital bone and the parietal bone is the:

a.) squamosal
b.) lambdoidal
c.) coronal
d.) sagital

Answer 95

b.) lambdoidal

Question 96

How much CR angulation should be used for a scapular Y projection?

a.) 35 to 45 degrees
b.) no CR angle should be used
c.) 10 to 15 degrees
d.) 20 to 30 degrees

Answer 96

b.) no CR angle should be used

Question 97

A radiograph for an AP projection with external rotation of the proximal humerus reveals that the greater tubercle is profiled laterally. What should be changed to improve for a repeat exposure?

a.) rotate the arm to place palm of the patient hand against the thigh
b.) positioning is acceptable, dont repeat it
c.) move the patient obliquely 10 to 15 degrees toward the affected side
d.) rotate epicondyles so they are perpendicular to the image receptor

Answer 97

b.) positioning is acceptable, dont repeat it

Question 98

A PA chest radiograph reveals that the left sternoclavicular joint is closer to the spine than the right joint. What specific positioning error has been committed?

a.) rotation into the RAO position
b.) rotation into the LAO position
c.) left tilt
d.) right tilt

Answer 98

b.) rotation into the LAO position

Question 99

Where are the ethmoid sinuses located within the ethmoid bone?

a.) cribiform plate
b.) pterygoid processes
c.) perpendicular plate
d.) lateral labyrinth

Answer 99

d.) lateral labyrinth

Question 100

The head should be rotated _____________ for the axiolateral oblique (modified law) method.

a.) no rotation, the head should be straight
b.) 15 degrees toward IR
c.) 15 degrees away from the IR
d.) 15 degrees toward the IR and tilited 15 degrees away from the side of interest

Answer 100

b.) 15 degrees toward the IR

Question 101

Which portions of the spine have lordotic curvatures?
1.) thoracic
2.) cervical
3.) lumbar
4.) sacral

a.) 1 and 2
b.) 4 only
c.) 1 and 4
d.) 2 and 3

Answer 101

d.) 2 and 3

Question 102

The entire mandible, coronoid and condyloid processes are seen best on which projection?

a.) SMV
b.) PA
c.) townes
d.) PA axial

Answer 102

a.) SMV

Question 103

Which of the following methods will demonstrate the intercondyloid fossa?
1.) beclere method
2.) settegast method
3.) camp coventry method

a.) 2 and 3
b.) 1, 2 and 3
c.) 1 and 2
d.) 1 and 3

Answer 103

d.) 1 and 3

Question 104

Which bone articulates medially with the cuboid?

a.) medial cuneiform
b.) first metatarsal
c.) intermediate cuneiform
d.) lateral cuneiform

Answer 104

d.) lateral cuneiform

Question 105

During the intial enema tip insertion, the tip is aimed:

a.) directly posterior
b.) directly superior
c.) toward the umbilicus
d.) toward the coccyx

Answer 105

c.) toward the umbilicus

Question 106

With the patient in the RAO position, air will be located in which of the following parts of the stomach?

a.) fundus
b.) pylorous
c.) duodenal bulb
d.) body

Answer 106

a.) fundus

Question 107

Which spinous processes should be demonstrated on the AP cervical projection?

a.) C1 through C3
b.) C3 through C7
c.) C1 through C7
d.) C1 through C2

Answer 107

b.) C3 through C7

Question 108

The greater trochanters are in the same horizontal plane as what pelvic structure?

a.) ischial spine
b.) pubic symphysis
c.) iliac crest
d.) ASIS

Answer 108

b.) pubic symphysis

Question 109

Which of the following statements is/are correct, with respect to a left lateral projection of the chest?
1.) the MSP must be perfectly vertical and parallel to the IR
2.) the right posterior ribs will be projected slightly posterior to the left posterior ribs
3.) arms must be raised high to prevent upper arm soft tissue superimposition on lung field

a.) 1, 2 and 3
b.) 3 only
c.) 2 and 3
d.) 1 and 2

Answer 109

a.) 1, 2 and 3

Question 110

For which body habitus will the kidneys lie at the highest level?

a.) hypersthenic
b.) sthenic
c.) hyposthenic
d.) asthenic

Answer 110

a.) hypersthenic

Question 111

Which sinus often produces an air/fluid level indicating a basilar skull fracture?

a.) sphenoid
b.) frontal
c.) ethmoid
d.) maxillary

Answer 111

a.) sphenoid

Question 112

For an AP external oblique knee image with accurate positioning the:

1.) fibular head is demonstrated free of tibial superimposition
2.) lateral femoral condyle is demonstrated in profile
3.) fibular head, neck and shaft are superimposed by the tibia
4.) medial condyle is shown in profile

a.) 1 and 2 only
b.) 2 and 3 only
c.) 3 and 4 only
c.) 1 and 4 only

Answer 112

c.) 3 and 4 only

Question 113

If a lateral projection of the femur will include the hip joint, where should the top of the IR be placed?

a.) level of the iliac crest
b.) level of the pubic symphisis
c.) level of the greater trochanters
d.) anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

Answer 113

d.) anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

Question 114

Situation: A patient enters the ED with multiple injuries including a possible fracture of the left proximal huemrus. Which positioning rotation should be performed to determine the extent of the humerus injury?

a.) AP and apical oblique shoulder without any arm rotation
b.) AP and horizontal beam transthoracic lateral shoulder
c.) AP shoulder as is; show radiograph to ED physician before attempting a rotational lateral projection
d.) AP neutral shoulder rotation and carefully rotated internally proximal humerus

Answer 114

b.) AP and horizontal beam transthoracic lateral shoulder

Question 115

WHich of the following is located on the anterior aspect of the femur?

1.) patellar surface
2.) intertrochanteric chest
3.) linea aspera

a.) 1 and 3only
b.) 1 and 2 only
c.) 3 only
d.) 1 only

Answer 115

d.) 1 only

Question 116

Which intervetebral foramina are demonstrated on an AP axial oblique projection of the cervical spine ?

a.) both sides equally demonstrated
b.) the inferior six closest to the IR
c.) those closest to the IR
d.) those fartherest from the IR

Answer 116

d.) those fartherest from the IR

Question 117

For a lateral projection of the wrist, the elbow must be flexed:

a.) 0 degrees
b.) 45 degrees
c.) 90 degrees
d.) 25 degrees

Answer 117

c.) 90 degrees

Question 118

A radiolucent sponge can be placed under the patients waist for a lateral projection of the lumbosacral spine to
1.) make the vetebral column parallel to the IR
2.) place the intervetebral disk spaces perpendicular to the IR
3.) decrease the amount of scatter reaching the IR

a.) 1, 2 and 3
b.) 1 and 2
c.) 2 and 3
d.) 3 only

Answer 118

b.) 1 and 2

Question 119

Where should the top of the IR be positioned for the PA projection to demonstrate ribs above the diaphragm?

a.) at the level of T7
b.) 1 1/2 inches above the sternal angle
c.) at the level of the clavicles
d.) 1 1/2 inches above the shoulders

Answer 119

d.) 1 1/2 inches above the shoulders

Question 120

Which structure articulates with the trochlea?

a.) proximal ulna
b.) distal ulna
c.) distal radius
d.) proximal radius

Answer 120

a.) proximal ulna

Question 121

Which of the following is a proper evaluation technique for a PA caldwell projection of the skull?

a.) petrous ridges located in the middle of the orbits
b.) petrous ridges located above the orbits
c.) petrous ridges located below the orbits
d.) petrous ridges located in the lower third of the orbits

Answer 121

d.) petrous ridges located in the lower third of the orbits

Question 122

How much obliquity is required for the RAO position of the esophagus?

a.) 45 to 60 degrees
b.) 20 to 30 degrees
c.) 10 to 15 degrees
d.) 35 to 40 degrees

Answer 122

d.) 35 to 40 degrees

Question 123

The pleura is a double layered serous membrane that serves to reduce the friction between the:

a.) heart and great vessels
b.) diaphragm and ribs
c.) atrium and ventricle
d.) lungs and chest wall

Answer 123

d.) lungs and chest wall

Question 124

For a PA oblique projection of the first digit (thumb) the hand is placed in the:

a.) prone position
b.) medial rotation position
c.) supine position
d.) lateral rotstion position

Answer 124

a.) prone position

Question 125

A flat and upright or two way abdomen consist of which of the following?

a.) PA chest and erect abdomen
b.) supine and erect abdomen
c.) PA chest and supine abdomen
d.) PA chest, supine abdomen, and erect abdomen

Answer 125

d.) PA chest, supine abdomen, and erect abdomen

Question 126

At what level is the center of the image receptor positioned for a lateral projection of the rectosigmoid area?

a.) 1” to the right of MSP, 1” to 2” above the iliac crest
b.) on the MCP, level of ASIS (midway between ASIS and posterior sacrum)
c.) 1” lateral to MSP on the elevated side, level of ASIS
d.) on the MSP, level of ASIS

Answer 126

b.) on the MCP, level of ASIS (midway between ASIS and posterior sacrum)

Question 127

Which digit on the hand produces the least OID in the lateral projection of that digit?

a.) fourth digit
b.) third digit
c.) OID is equal for all lateral projections of the digits
d.) second digit

Answer 127

d.) second digit

Question 128

The technologist must ________ manual exposure factors for a patient with severe ascites.

A.) switch to automatic exposure control
B.) decrease
C.) not change
D.) increase

Answer 128

D.) increase

Question 129

Which of the following are on the lateral side of the humerus?
1.)capitulum
2.)trochlea
3.)greater tubercle

A.)1, 2 and 3
B.)1 and 3
C.)2 and 3
D.)1 and 2

Answer 129

B.)1 and 3

Question 130

A patient comes to radiology for a routine study of the cranium. He is unable to flex his head and neck sufficiently to place the OML perpendicular to the IR for the AP axial projection. What should the technologist do to compensate for this problem without creating excessive magnification of the occipital bone?

a.) Use the inferior OML and increase the CR angulation by 7°.
b.) Perform a submentovertex projection in place of the AP axial projection.
c.) Perform the Haas method.
d.) Use the AML and increase the CR angulation by 10°.

Answer 130

a.) use the inferior OML and increase the CR angulation by 7 degrees

Question 131

Why must the lower limb be rotated 15 to 20 degrees internally for AP hip projections?

A.) to open up the femoroacetabular joint
B.) to seperate the greater trochanter from the lesser trochanter
C.) to place the fovea capitis into a profiled position
D.) to place the femoral neck parallel to the image receptor

Answer 131

D.) to place the femoral neck parallel to the image receptor

Question 132

A radiograph of an AP pelvis reveals that the lesser trochanters are not visualized. This pelvis projection was performed for nontraumatic reasons. What should the technologist do (if anything) to correct this on the repeat exposure?

a.) Ensure that the ASIS is an equal distance from the tabletop
b.) Nothing, image meets positioning criteria
c.) Rotate the lower limbs more internally.
d.) Angle the CR 10 to 15 degrees cephalad.

Answer 132

b.) nothing, image meets positioning criteria

Question 133

On the sthenic adult patient for the majority of projections taken (ap, pa and Obliques) during a BE exam the central ray is directed:

a.) 2” inferior and 2” medial to elevated ASIS
b.) 2” inferior to level of ASIS
c.) at the level of the iliac crest
d.) midcoronal plane midway between ASIS and posterior sacrum

Answer 133

c.) at the level of the iliac crest

Question 134

Patient preparation for an esophagram includes:

A.) NPO 4 to 6 hours before the procedure
B.) NPO 30 minutes to 1 hour before the procedure
C.) NPO 4 to 6 hours and no gum chewing before the procedure
D.) none of the above, patient prep is not needed as long as an upper GI procedure is not scheduled to follow

Answer 134

D.) none of the above, patient prep is not needed as long as an upper GI procedure is not scheduled to follow

Question 135

A radiograph of a left posterior oblique (LPO) position taken during an IVU reveals that the right kidney is foreshortened and superimposed over the spine. What must the technologist do to correct this error during the repeat exposure?

A.) increase rotation
B.) decrease rotation
C.) place the patient in the RPO position to better demonstrate the right kidney
D.) increase CR angulation

Answer 135

B.) decrease rotation

Question 136

Where is the central ray directed for an AP projection of the knees?

A.) 1/2 inch above the patellar apex
B.) 1/2 inch below the patellar base
C.) 1/2 inch above the patellar base
D.) 1/2 inch below the patellar apex

Answer 136

D.) 1/2 inch below the patellar apex

Question 137

The thyroid cartilage generally corresponds to the level of:

A.) c1-3
B.) c6-7
C.) c7-t1
D.) c4-6

Answer 137

D.) c4-c6

Question 138

All of the following positions are likely to be used for single and double-contrast examinations of the large bowel, except:

A.) AP axial rectosigmoid
B.) right or left lateral decubitus abdomen
C.) lateral rectum
D.) RAO and LAO abdomen

Answer 138

B.) right or left lateral decubitus abdomen

Question 139

A fractured of the metacarpal neck is known as _________ fracture.

A.) boxers
B.) smith
C.) colles
D.) Bennett

Answer 139

A.) boxers

Question 140

A jones fracture occurs :

A.) as a comminuted fracture of the ring of the atlas
B.) as an avulsion fracture of the spinous process
C.) as a transverse fracture of the lumbar vertebra
D.) at the base of the fifth metatarsal

Answer 140

D.) at the base of the fifth metatarsal

Question 141

An AP lordotic chest image with accurate positioning demonstrates:
1.) the medial ends of the clavicles projected superior to the lung apices
2.) the lateral borders of the scapulae within the lung field
3.) equal distances from the vertebral column to the SC joints
4.) nearly horizontal posterior and anterior portions of the first through fifth ribs

A.) 2 and 4 only
B.) 1 and 3 only
C.) 1,2,3 and 4
D.) 1,3 and 4

Answer 141

D.) 1,3 and 4

Question 142

Which of the following best demonstrates suspected fractures of the acetabulum?

A.) axiolateral projection (danileus miller method)
B.) AP axial inlet projection
C.) AP oblique projection (judet method)
D.) AP axial outlet projection

Answer 142

C.) AP oblique projection (judet method)

Question 143

A twisting of the intestine on its own mesentry is termed:

A.) Volvulus
B.) intussusception
C.) enteritis
D.) diverticulosis

Answer 143

A.) volvulus

Question 144

Functions of the kidney include:
1.) removing waste products from the blood
2.) maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance
3.) secreting substances that affect blood pressure

a.) 1 and 2
b.) 1 and 3
c.) 1,2 and 3
d.) 2 and 3

Answer 144

c.) 1,2 and 3

Question 145

At which plane is the CR positioned for the PA oblique projections (LAO) of the large intestine

a.) on the MSP, level of right or left iliac crest
b.) 1” lateral to MSP on the elevated side, level of the iliac crest
c.) on the MCP, level of ASIS (midway between ASIS and posterior sacrum
d.) 1” to the right of the MSP, 1’’ to 2’’ above the iliac crest

Answer 145

d.) 1’’ to the right of the MSP, 1’’ to 2’’ above the iliac crest

Question 146

A radiograph of a transthoracic lateral projection reveals that it is difficult to visualize the proximal humerus due to the ribs and lung markings. The following exposure factors were used: 75 kv, 30 mas, 40 inch SID, grid, suspended respiration. Which of the following changes will improve the quality of the image?

a.) use a breathing technique
b.) make the exposure on second inspiration
c.) use a compression band to prevent patient movement
d.) use a 72 inch SID

Answer 146

a.) use a breathing technique

Question 147

The lateral wall of the orbit is formed mostly by the:

a.) sphenoid
b.) zygoma
c.) lacrimal
d.) maxilla

Answer 147

b.) zygoma

Question 148

A miniture replica of a kidney is termed:

a.) compensatory kidney
b.) ectopic kidney
c.) hypoplastic kidney
d.) supernumerary kidney

Answer 148

c.) hypoplastic kidney

Question 149

The proper name of the method used for the unilateral frog leg projection is the:

a.) taylor
b.) grashey
c.) danelius miller
d.) modified cleaves

Answer 149

d.) modified cleaves

Question 150

When is a small bowel series deemed to be complete?

a.) once the contrast media passeds the duodenojeunal flexure
b.) once the contrast media reaches the rectum
c.) 2 hours after the ingestion of barium
d.) once the contrast media passes the ileocecal valve

Answer 150

d.) once the contrast media passes the ileocecal valve

Question 151

Which term describes the lateral border of the stomach?

a.) greater curvature
b.) lesser curvature
c.) gastric border
d.) incisura angularis

Answer 151

a.) greater curvature

Question 152

A PA chest radiograph reveals that only eight ribs are seen above the diaphragm. Which of the following suggestions would improve the inspiration of the lungs?

a.) use a shorter exposure time
b.) take exposure on the second inspiration rather than the first
c.) perform chest position supine
d.) use higher kv to penetrate the diaphragm

Answer 152

b.) take exposure on the second inspiration rather than the first

Question 153

How much should the leg be flexed for a routine lateral projection of the knee?

a.) 20 to 30 degrees
b.) 10 to 20 degrees
c.) 5 to 7 degrees
d.) 3 to 5 degrees

Answer 153

a.) 20 to 30 degrees

Question 154

The junction of the sagital and coronal sutures is the:

a.) pterion
b.) asterion
c.) lambda
d.) bregma

Answer 154

d.) bregma

Question 155

Where does the trachea lie in relationship to the esophagus?

a.) posterior
b.) lateral
c.) medial
d.) anterior

Answer 155

d.) anterior

Question 156

Which of the following is considered an operative examination ?

a.) intravenous pyelography
b.) intravenous urography
c.) retrograde urography
d.) cystourethrography

Answer 156

c.) retrograde urography

Question 157

How many bones are contained in the skull?

a.) 8
b.) 24
c.) 14
d.) 22

Answer 157

d.) 22

Question 158

Grids are generally not required unless the anatomy measures greater than:

a.) 14 cm
b.) 10 cm
c.) 8 cm
d.) 5 cm

Answer 158

b.) 10 cm

Question 159

The point of union between both halves of the mandible is termed:

a.) ramus
b.) symphysis menti
c.) gonion
d.) mental foramina

Answer 159

b.) symphysis menti

Question 160

A radiograph of an AP oblique elbow with medial rotation reveals that the radial head is superimposed over part of the coronoid process. What positioning error has been committed?

a.) excessive lateral rotation
b.) incorrect CR angulation
c.) excessive medial rotation
d.) flexion of the elbow

Answer 160

c.) excessive medial rotation

Question 161

A nonrotated AP pelvis image demonstrates:
1.) the sacrum and coccyx aligned with the symphisis pubis
2.) the ischial spines aligned with the pelvic brim
3.) a narrow right iliac wing and a wider left iliac wing
4.) symmetrically appearing obturator foramen

a.) 3 and 4 only
b.) 1, 3 and 4 only
c.) 1, 2 and 4 only
d.) 1 only

Answer 161

c.) 1, 2 and 4 only

Question 162

If both procedures are ordered on the same day, a barium enema must be performed before an IVU.

a.) true
b.) false

Answer 162

b.) false

Question 163

For the axiolateral projection of the hip:

1.) the unaffected hip should be in maximum flexion and abduction
2.) the central ray should be positioned parallel with the femoral neck
3.) a grid and tight collimation are needed to increase detail visibility
4.) the affected leg should always be internally rotated

a.) 1 and 3 only
b.) 2 only
c.) 1,3 and 4 only
d.) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only

Answer 163

a.) 1 and 3 only

Question 164

Which two boens form the bony nasal septum?

a.) vomer and maxilla
b.) sphenoid and ethmoid
c.) ethmoid and vomer
d.) superior and inferior nasal conchae

Answer 164

c.) ethmoid and vomer

Question 165

The patient position used to best demonstrate the splenic flexure is:

a.) LPO
b.) RAO
c.) RPO
d.) PA

Answer 165

c.) RPO

Question 166

Where is the CR centered for a PA Projection of the sternoclavicular joints?

a.) at the level of the vertebra prominens (T1)
b.) at the level of the jugular notch (T2-T3)
c.) at the level of the thyroid cartilage (T9)
d.) at the level of the sternal angle (T4-5)

Answer 166

b.) at the level of the jugular notch (T2-T3)

Question 167

If a patient is unable to extend the forearm for an AP projection of the elbow, how many projections are necessary to avoid distortion of the joint?

a.) 5
b.) 4
c.) 2
d.) 3

Answer 167

c.) 2

Question 168

Which of the following describes the position of the IR for an axiolateral projection of the hip (danelius miller)?
1.) parallel with the long axis of the femoral neck
2.) its upper border in the crease above the iliac crest
3.) perpendicular to the long axis of the femur

a.) 2 and 3
b.) 1 and 2
c.) 1 and 3
d.) 1, 2 and 3

Answer 168

b.) 1 and 2

Question 169

Where is the CR placed for a PA projection of the third digit?

a.) at the proximal interphalangeal joint
b.) at the head of the third metacarpal
c.) at the distal interphalangeal joint
d.) at the metacarpophalangeal joint

Answer 169

a.) at the proximal interphalangeal joint

Question 170

Which of the following actions will lead to the proximal radius crossing over the ulna?

a.) pronation of the hand
b.) supination of the hand
c.) external rotation of the elbow
d.) placing epicondyles parallel to image receptor

Answer 170

a.) pronation of the hand

Question 171

The ______________ sinuses are pyramidal in shape and have 3 walls

a.) frontal
b.) sphenoid
c.) ethmoid
d.) maxillary

Answer 171

d.) maxillary

Question 172

The AP trendelenburg position is often used during an upper GI examination to demonstrate:

a.) duodenal loop
b.) duodenal bulb
c.) pyloric stenosis
d.) hiatal hernia

Answer 172

d.) hiatal hernia

Question 173

How much rotation from an AP of the ankle will typically produce a mortise view?

a.) 45 degrees
b.) no rotation is needed
c.) 25 to 30 degrees
d.) 15 to 20 degrees

Answer 173

d.) 15 to 20 degrees

Question 174

Scoliosis is defined as abnormal or exagerated:

a.) concave curvature
b.) lateral curvature
c.) convex curvature
d.) swayback lumbar curvature

Answer 174

b.) lateral curvature

Question 175

WHat is the largest immovable bone of the face?

a.) mandible
b.) vomer
c.) zygomatic
d.) maxilla

Answer 175

d.) maxilla

Question 176

A radiograph of the parietoacanthial (waters) projection reveals that the petrous ridges are superimposed over the lower 30% of the maxillary sinuses. What specific positioning error (if any) led to this radiographic finding?

a.) excessive CR angulation
b.) excessive extension
c.) insufficient extension
d.) no error; accept inital radiograph

Answer 176

c.) insufficient extension

Question 177

Which of the following positions is essential in radiography of the paranasal sinsuses?

a.) oblique
b.) trendelenburg
c.) recumbent
d.) erect

Answer 177

d.) erect

Question 178

A radiographic examination of the urinary bladder is termed:

a.) cystourethrography
b.) retrograde urography
c.) cystography
d.) cystoureterography

Answer 178

c.) cystography

Question 179

Which of the following factors must be observed for an AP erect abdomen projection?

a.) use a higher kv technique
b.) collimate lower border to level of ASIS
c.) increase SID to 72 inches to minimize magnification
d.) patient needs to be upright a minimum of 5 minutes prior to imaging

Answer 179

d.) patient needs to be upright a minimum of 5 minutes prior to imaging