Propeties of Elements by Groups Flashcards
Aligned with Kognity
What are the shared propeties of group 1 elements?
They’re soft, reactive metals with low melting points. They can be cut with a knife, and the cut surface appears shiny but will quickly tarnish. They also react with water to form alkaline metal hydroxides, so the group is often called the alkali metals. They are so reactive, they are stored in oil to stop air and water reaching them .All the alkali metals react vigorously with water, producing a metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Do group 1 alkali metals float?
Yes
Do group 2 alkali metals float?
No
What is the trend in group 1 alkali metals moving down?
Metals will become increasingly soft and reactive with water as you move down.
Define exothermic.
A reaction that gives out energy, usually as heat.
What’s an universal indicator?
A blend of different indicators that changes colour across the pH scale.
What is indicated when the universal indicator turns a solution purple?
This shows that the water has become a strongly alkaline solution.
State the properties of copper.
Copper is malleable and a conductor.
Describe Metals lattices, does it conduct electricity and why are they malleable?
Metals can be described as a lattice of positive ions in a sea of electrons. This is described as a metallic bond (not ionic bond). They conduct electricity because the electrons (not the ions) are free to move. They are malleable because the layers can slide over each other.
What’s the group number of the halogens?
Group VII elements
State the uses of various halogens.
Both chlorine and bromine are used as disinfectants. Iodine is also used in first aid kits and in operations to prevent the infection of wounds. Fluorine atoms are often found in medicinal drugs as they help the drug to enter cells. Halogen lamps are useful as they are more energy efficient than normal light bulbs as seen in the following video.
Provide a run down on the traits of Group Vll.
The elements in Group VII are reactive non-metals with low melting points . They react with metals to form salts; the name halogen comes from the term ‘salt-producing’. The halogens exist as diatomic molecules , simple molecules in which two atoms are joined together by a covalent bond.
Describe the density trend moving down Group Vll.
Density increases as you go down Group VII.
Does the reactivity of the Halogens increase or decrease down the group?
The reactivity of the Group VII elements decreases as you go down the group.
Identify the level of toxicity in halogens elemental form.
They’re toxic.
In a compound, will a more or less reactive halogen displace a more or less reactive halogen?
A more reactive halogen will always displace a less reactive halogen in a compound.
Halogens can react with certain metals to create ___ ___.
Halogens can react with certain metals to create metal halides.
Name a common metal halide.
Sodium Chloride.
What is the output of halogens and hydrogen gas?
Hydrogen Halide.
Define redox reactions.
Reaction in which reduction and oxidation happen at the same time.
Define spectator ions.
Ions that do not participate in a chemical reaction so are not included in an ionic equation.
What is the general equation for displacement reactions?
AB + C = AC + B
What are transition elements?
Metals from the middle section of the Periodic Table
What are general properties of transition elements?
High density compared to most other metals (scandium has the lowest density of all transition metals. It is 2.99 g/cm^3, which is greater than the densest Group l element. Another characteristic is high melting points. Mercury is a notable exception with a melting point of -39°C.
