proprioception

Question 1

what is proprioception?
what are 3 key proprioceptors?
-limbs
-muscle spindle
-the golgi tendon organ

Answer 1

bodies ability to sense it’s own position, movement and force. its helps us maintain balance, posture and coordinaition

-provides information about joint angle and movement
-provides information about muscle strecth and length to help maintain muscle tone
-detects changes in muscle tension

Question 2

what does the muscle spindle consist of (structure)

Answer 2

consists of specialised muscle fibres called intrafusal fibres. enclosed in a capsule.
surounded by extrafusal fibres(normal skeletal muscle fibres responsible for contraction0

Question 3

where is golgi tendon organ located
what does it consist of
why are they different to muscle spindles

Answer 3

-junction between muscle and tendon
-consists of collagen fibres so when muscle contracts and the collagen is pulled thus activates golgi tendon afferent. to provide information about muscle tension.
-unlike muscle spindles the golgi tendon oragns are in series with muscle fibres (located in tendons)

Question 4

what are mechanoreceptors (other proprioeceptors) two categories
1) tactile receptors
2) baroreceptors

Answer 4

detect external forces, touch and vibration
1) provide sensations of touch, pressure and vibration
2) detect pressure changes

Question 5

describe the four types of mechanoreceptors
1) merkel receptors
2) meissner corpuscles
3) ruffini cylinders
4) pacinian corpuscles

Answer 5

slow adapting fibres responding while stimulus is present = merkel disk and ruffini cylinders

rapidly adapting responding to stimulation with a burst of firing at the beginning and end of stimulation = meissner corpuscles and pacinian corpuscles

Question 6

what type of reflex when gone wrong can cause dizziness

Answer 6

vestibulo-ocular

Question 7

what principle underlies the hierarchical recruitment of motor units, in its ambition to minimise fatigue

Answer 7

hennemans size princible