skeletal form and function

Question 1

what are the two divisons of the skeleton
1) axial skeleton
2) appendicular skeleton

Answer 1

1) skull and spinal column = support and protection of vital organs, posture
2) limbs and girdle (shoulder and pelvic) =involved in movment

Question 2

functions of the bone
1) support
2) protection
3) movement
4) mineral storage
5) blood cell production
6) energy storage

Answer 2

3) muscles contract and pull the bones which give rise to the movement
4) outer layer of bones tissues are used for mineral storage e.g. calcium and phosphorus
5) red bone marrow produces red, white and platlets ( end of bone). yellow bone marrow does not produce blood cells. it stores fat.
6) stores fat in yellow bone marrow for energy

Question 3

in embryos what is the skeleton primarily made of?
where does cartilage remain

Answer 3

hyaline cartilage
-bridge of nose
-part of ribs
-joints

Question 4

two types of bone
1) compact bone
2) spongy bone

Answer 4

1) important for length and providing stability
2) important for adapting to environment

Question 5

what is the hyoid bone?

Answer 5

the only bone that does not articulate with another bone
(sits in isolation and only moves by muscle)
-serves as a moveable base for tongue and other muscle attachments

Question 6

what is a joint and what are the 3 types of joints
1) fibrous
2) cartilaginous
3) synovial

Answer 6

joints are the place where two bones come together
1) immovable. connects bones therefore no movement e.g. skull and pelvis
2) slightly moveable. bones are attached by cartilage e.g. spine and ribs
3) free moveable. cavities between bones are filled with synovial fluid to lubricate and protect

Question 7

what are the four main synovial joints

Answer 7

arm= elbow and shoulder joints
leg= knee and hip joints