Prostatic carcinoma Flashcards
1
Q
How common is prostate cancer?
A
Common, 26% of all cancers in men
2
Q
What is the pathology of prostate cancer?
A
Most adenocarcinomas arising in the peripheral zone of the prostate
• Malignant foci remain dormant
• Most commonly metastases to bone and lymph nodes
3
Q
What are the signs/symptoms of prostate cancer?
A
- Frequency
- Nocturia
- Weak stream
- Hesitancy
- Urgency
- Dribbling
- UTI
- Haematuria
- Dysuria
- Incontinence
- Haematospermia
- Perineal/suprapubic pain
- Impotence
- Tenesmus – inclincation to want to empty the bowels
- Bone pain
- Cord compression symptoms
- Weight loss
- PR exam
- Hard irregular gland
- Asymmetry
- Nodule
4
Q
What are the risk factors/aetiology of prostate cancer?
A
- Age
- African-Caribbean family
- Family history
5
Q
What diseases present similarly to prostate cancer?
A
- UTI
- BPH
- Prostatitis
- Bladder tumour
6
Q
What are the surgical treatments for prostate cancer?
A
- Radical prostatectomy
- Intersitial radiation implants
- Cryoablation
- High intensity focused ultrasound
7
Q
What are the pharmacological treatments for prostate cancer?
A
- Radiotherapy
- Chemotherapy
- Synthetic lutenizing hormone releasing hormone analogues – for metastasis
- Antiandrogens – for metastasis
8
Q
What are the non pharmacological treatments for prostate cancer?
A
- Do nothing and watch
* Palliative care
