protein

Question 1

polypeptides

Answer 1

many bonds between amino acids

Question 2

all proteins are built from

Answer 2

essential and non essential amino acids

Question 3

nitrogen is in

Answer 3

every amino acid and is on the amine group

Question 4

de-amination

Answer 4

removing nitrogen

Question 5

what makes each amino acid unique

Answer 5

the side chain or R group

Question 6

if protein shape is broken

Answer 6

protein no longer functions

Question 7

final shape of a protein is

Answer 7

folded

Question 8

ommnivore

Answer 8

no limitations in the food you eat (eat both plants and animals)

Question 9

strict vegeterian

Answer 9

no meat, eggs, dairy

Question 10

lacto-ovo vegetarian

Answer 10

includes dairy and eggs

Question 11

vegan

Answer 11

no animal products
-no honey or gelatin

Question 12

RDA in sedentary adult

Answer 12

0.8 g/kg bw

Question 13

RDA for babies

Answer 13

1.52. g/kg bw

Question 14

if you dont eat meat you have to add ____ to RDA

Answer 14

10% to original RDA

Question 15

tryptophan RDA

Answer 15

5 mg/kg/day

Question 16

leucine RDA

Answer 16

42 mg/kg/day

Question 17

complete protein

Answer 17

contains adequate amounts of EAA
-all animal protein is complete

Question 18

incomplete protein

Answer 18

lacking adequate in 1+ or more EAA
-plants often lack lysine or methionine -

Question 19

whatever AA is lacking is called

Answer 19

limiting AA

Question 20

protein quality

Answer 20

ability of a food and its dietary protein to provide nitrogen and amino acid for needs
-growth, maintenance, and repair of cells and tissues

Question 21

PDCAA

Answer 21

protein quality score
from 0.0 to 1.0

Question 22

factors that impact protein quality

Answer 22

1. completeness
2. bioavailablity of EAA
3. protein density
4. plant vs animal protein

Question 23

limiting amino acid in plants

Answer 23

either lysine or methionine

Question 24

sources high in protein

Answer 24

meat, dairy, legumes, nuts

Question 24

sources low in protein

Answer 24

starch, most plants, fruit

Question 24

quinoa

Answer 24

complete protein with low protein density

Question 25

beans

Answer 25

incomplete protein with high protein density

Question 26

vegan protein recommendations

Answer 26

0.8 g/kg bw + add 10% to RDA

Question 27

vegan diet benefits

Answer 27

-more fiber -less CVD - decrease sat fat -more vit C -more folate -more magnesium -more potassium

Question 28

vegan diet limitations

Answer 28

increase starch decrease protein decrease B12, calcium, iron, omega 3

Question 29

PKU

Answer 29

cant metabolize phenyalanine - missing enzyme PAH that metabolizes PHE to tyrosine - toxic to PHE

Question 30

conditionally EAA

Answer 30

we can make them by only from EAA - when EAA is missing the CEAA becomes essential

Question 31

people with PKU should avoid

Answer 31

animal proteins, quinoa, high protein, aspartame

Question 32

people with PKU should monitor

Answer 32

plant food, fruit, and vegetables cereals and many flour products

Question 33

protein digestion in stomach

Answer 33

proteases, pepsin, HCL

Question 34

protein digestion in small intestine

Answer 34

pancreatic and mucosa cell proteases

Question 35

proteases

Answer 35

pepsinogen enteropeptidase trypsinogen

Question 36

pepsinogen

Answer 36

converts to pepsin - in stomach - pro- enzyme - hcl pepsin can come back and activate it

Question 37

enteropeptidase

Answer 37

made in mucosa cells activates typsinogen

Question 38

trypsinogen

Answer 38

made in pancreas - trypsinogen converts trypsin -enteropeptidase converts/ activates to trypsin