quiz 6 lipids

Question 1

triglycerides

Answer 1

3 fatty acids bonded to glycerol

Question 2

monoglycerides

Answer 2

one fatty acid bonded to glycerol

Question 3

fatty acids

Answer 3

chains of carbon that only get along with lipids

Question 4

cholesterol

Answer 4

has no calories and is a nonessential nutrient

Question 5

fat soluble nutrients

Answer 5

ADEK

Question 6

saturated fat

Answer 6

is straight!
2 hydrogens on each carbon
- full of hydrogen
- solid at room temp

Question 7

unsaturated fat

Answer 7

not all carbons have 2 hydrogens on each carbon
- each carbon has a double bond when it isnt saturated
BENT AT DOUBLE BOND

Question 8

PUFAS

Answer 8

MULTIPLE DOUBLE BONDS

Question 9

essential fatty acids

Answer 9

PUFAS and unsaturated fats

Question 10

omega 3 and 6 are what kind of fatty acid

Answer 10

PUFA

Question 11

omega 3 can convert ALA into

Answer 11

EPA but isnt very good at it

Question 12

man made trans fat is

Answer 12

not healthful and is hydrogenation = straightening unsaturated fatty acids

Question 13

trans fat impact

Answer 13

increase risk of CVD, decrease HDL and increase LDL

Question 14

amdr of fat

Answer 14

20-35%

Question 15

amdr of sat fat

Answer 15

< 10% of total cals coming from sat fat

Question 16

PUFAs are

Answer 16

omega 3, and omega 6 = 10:1

Question 17

anatomy of digestion= mouth

Answer 17

salivary amylase, lingual lipase and chewing

Question 18

anatomy of digestion = stomach

Answer 18

gastic lipase, HCL = kiils ligual lipase and replaces it w/ gastic lipase

Question 19

anatomy of digestion = small intestine

Answer 19

pancreatic lipase, bile helping in fat digestion

Question 20

anatomy of digestion: large intestine

Answer 20

microbiota and SCFA (made from soluble fiber and resistant starch

Question 21

esterification

Answer 21

making bonds

Question 22

de-esterification

Answer 22

breaking bonds

Question 23

bile function

Answer 23

breaks meal fat into smaller globules

Question 24

bile as an accessory organs

Answer 24

liver: makes bile from cholestrol
gallbladder stores bile

Question 25

CCK

Answer 25

hormone that is released because of fat entering SI

Question 26

what releases CCK

Answer 26

mucosa cells

Question 27

CCK tells the gallbladder to

Answer 27

release bile

Question 28

bile is absorbed at the end of small intestine and gets recycled

Answer 28

so liver has to use more cholestrol

Question 29

chylomicron is bult in ____ and carry

Answer 29

the mucosa cell and carry triglycerides, cholestrol, and ADEK

Question 30

tissues take out what

Answer 30

chylomicron carry

Question 32

3 SCFA

Answer 32

butyrate, acetate, propionate

Question 33

symbiosis

Answer 33

-balanced microbes increase gut/metabolic/ cardiovascular health - produces B and K vitamins and thick mucous layer - metabolizes undigestable CHO

Question 34

dysbiosis

Answer 34

unbalanced microbes

Question 35

cholesterol makes

Answer 35

vitamin D, bile, sex hormones, membranes (maintain and repair) -converts fatty acids to phospholipids

Question 36

omega 3 are Eicosandoids and they

Answer 36

anti-inflammatory vasodilation anti-clotting

Question 37

omega 6 are Eicosandoids and they are

Answer 37

pro-inflammatory vasoconstriction clotting

Question 38

fats are used in the mitochondria through

Answer 38

beta ox, krebs, etc

Question 39

fat is stored as a

Answer 39

triglycerides

Question 40

fats are eliminated through the

Answer 40

kidneys

Question 41

lipoprotein

Answer 41

vehicles that transfer lipids to tissues

Question 42

lipase

Answer 42

break down triglycerides

Question 43

chylomicron

Answer 43

lipoprotein made in the mucosa cells -gets absorbed into the lymph and then transports to other tissues

Question 44

VLDL

Answer 44

Lipoprotein made in liver -delivers fat to cells blood vessels convert to IDL

Question 45

IDL

Answer 45

lipoprotein made in blood - carry less fat

Question 46

LDL

Answer 46

lipoprotein made in the blood - carry even less fat

Question 47

HDl

Answer 47

lipoprotein made in liver - carry barely any fat

Question 48

does chylomicron become smaller before getting to liver

Answer 48

yes, pulls fat out of it to the tissues then chylomicron is ripped apart and builds VLDL in liver

Question 49

what is the purpose of VLDL

Answer 49

to deliver fat to cells

Question 50

where is VLDL made

Answer 50

in the liver

Question 51

what is the purpose od LPLS

Answer 51

break down triglycerides

Question 52

what is causing the VLDL to get smaller

Answer 52

LPL recognizes and starts breaking it down to get triglycerides out of tissues around it

Question 53

what are the names of the smaller versions of VLDL

Answer 53

LDL and IDL

Question 54

what is the purpose of LDL

Answer 54

to deliver some fat and cholesterol to tissues

Question 55

where is HDL is made

Answer 55

made in liver - removes cholesterol from tissues delivers cholesterol to liver

Question 56

trans fat affects

Answer 56

inflammation, increases LDL and decreases HDL

Question 57

MUFAS have a minor but ____ impact on

Answer 57

positive impact on cholesterol