Protestant Reformation Flashcards
(15 cards)
what does the Protestant Reformation mean?
Protestant = to protest
Reformation = change
To protest change..
why was the catholic church hated & wrong, even after the great schism in 1054?
- sold indulgences
- popes & bishops were sinful; sleeping around with women, drinking & gambling
who was Martin Luther?
- German priest
- understood Latin, Greek, German and Hebrew
what did Martin Luther state about the Catholic Church?
Some people believe that Church donations are used unlawfully said by German Monk - Martin Luther
what are indulgences?
Papers that the Catholic Church sold promising less time or no time in Purgatory
what is purgatory
A state of purification after death for souls not fully ready for heaven. It’s where they are cleansed of minor sins.
what did Martin Luther do before writing the 95 Theses?
Compared the Latin Bible with the original Greek, and Hebrew and found incorrect teachings
West had a poor education, no one understood Latin or no one was bothered to learn
what were Martin Luther’s beliefs and what did he do?
- you can be forgiven by God directly, no Priest
- the Church is wrong to sell indulgences
- the Bible should be translated into different languages
- Church was rich, and leaders didn’t act like men of God
with this, he wrote the 95 Theses in 1517 which he;
- questioned the Pope about his actions and behaviours
- used a printing machine to print many copies
- nailed one to the door of a Church in Germany, 1517
what was the outcome of the 95 Theses?
- In 1521 Luther was called to the Pope, to retract statements, he refused
- labelled as a ‘heretic’ and was excommunicated
- went into hiding with the help of a German Prince,
- spent 10 months translating the Bible into German
- now seld-identified ‘Lutheran’
what was the outcome of ‘Lutheran’?
a new branch called ‘Protestant’ formed in the 1520’s
- ‘believed everyone had a relationship with God’
what were the characteristics of Catholics
- Services in Latin
- People need Priest to find God
- The Bible shouldn’t be read alone
- Sins can be forgiven by praying or paying the Church
- Pope lead the Catholic Church
- All taxes paid to the Church went to Pope
what were the beliefs of Protestant?
- Services should be in German, English & French (local languages)
- Churches should be plain & simple
- Everyone should read the Bible by themselves
- Sins can be forgiven by God or Jesus only
- Church led by country or state
- Church was too rich
- Taxes paid to the Church went to them
what factors contributed to the rise of Protestantism?
- printing machine invention allowed people to read and know what was happening
upper-class/rich people = had a voice and understood what was happening hence more education
lower-class/poor people = did not have a voice and did not understand what was happening in the Church hence poor education
made them question the Catholic Church
what does heretic mean?
holds beliefs or opinions that go against the accepted doctrines of their religious institution.
what does excommunicated mean?
officially expelled or excluded from participation in the sacraments and services of the Church.
