Protocols And Layers

Question 1

What is a layer?

Answer 1

Part of a network protocol that performs a specific task.

1)each layer can be tested
2)each layer can be changed to improve itself
3)each layer can work independently on its own task

Question 2

Explain how data is sent across a network(4)

Answer 2

1) select a protocol
2) split the data into packets
3)add packet numbers too each one
4)add the IP address
5)add MAC address
6)the packets are redirected by routers to prevent interception.
7)the packets may split up to reach the destination.
8)when the packets have arrived the data is reassembled

Question 3

Explain how data packets are reassembled?

Answer 3

1)the mac is removed
2)the IP is removed
3)the packets get put back in order
4)they are decoded using a protocol if encryption is used

Question 4

What is a IP address

Answer 4

Internet Protocol - responsible for directing packets to their destination. It uses a unique address for devices.

Question 5

What is TCP?

Answer 5

Transmission Control Protocol - sets the rules for how devices connect on a network

Question 6

What are the 6 protocol(6)

Answer 6

HTTP(1) HTTPS(1) SMTP(1) FTP(1J POP3(1) IMAP(1)

Question 7

What does each protocol do?

Answer 7

HTTP - delivers websites
HTTPs - delivers encrypted websites
FTP - transfers, edits and accesses files
POP3 - retrieves emails that are held until downloaded and eventually deleted
IMAP - reads and downloads emails until deleted
SMTP - transfers emails between servers

Question 8

What is a protocol

Answer 8

A set of rules of for how devices communicate

Question 9

What is a standard

Answer 9

Rules that allow hardware and software to interact. E.g Ethernet

Question 10

What is TCP/IP used for?

Answer 10

IP finds the address of the device and TCP transfers data.

Question 11

What are the email protocols?(3)

Answer 11

IMAP(1) POP3 (1) SMTP(1)

Question 12

What are the internet protocols?(3)

Answer 12

HTTP (1) HTTPS (1) FTP(1)

Question 13

Which address is used to route data over the internet?

Answer 13

IP address

Question 14

Which address is used to router data within a LAN

Answer 14

MAC address

Question 15

Give three features if IPV4(3)

Answer 15

4 bytes long(1) normally written in denary(1) and are configured in software(1) written in decimal format(1) commonly used(1)

Question 16

Give three features of IPV6(3)

Answer 16

16 bytes long(1) created because of the increasing number of devices that need unique IP addresses(1) written in hexadecimal format(1) better network performance and security (1)