ps ex- psychodynamic

Question 1

what are the two psychodynamic explanations?

Answer 1

inadequate superego, role of maternal deprivation

Question 2

what is an inadequate superego?

Answer 2

Superego formed out of phallic stage when Oedipus/Electra conflict resolved, but offending more likely when Superego is inadequate.

Question 3

who proposed the inadequate superego?

Answer 3

Blackburn (1993)

Question 4

what are the three forms of an inadequate superego?

Answer 4

weak, deviant, over-harsh

Question 5

what is a weak superego?

Answer 5

child doesnt identify with same-sex parent, may be absent, doesnt internalise moral code, no conscience

Question 6

what is a deviant superego?

Answer 6

child internalises immoral superego from deviant same-sex parent

Question 7

what is an over-harsh superego?

Answer 7

Child identifies with very harsh/punitive same-gender parent, overwhelming guilt and anxiety, offends to satisfy Superego’s need for punishment.

Question 8

ao3 research support? +cp

Answer 8

strength
Goreta (1991), freudin analysis of 10 offenders getting psychiactic treatment, all had inadequate superego.

cp- doesnt always occur to all with harsh or criminal parents

Question 9

ao3 gender bias?

Answer 9

limitation
Freid stated that girls develop weaker superego due to no castration anxiety, so should be prone to offending, alpha bias.

Question 10

what is maternal deprivation?

Answer 10

Bowlby: offending caused by failure to form close attachment bond with mother-figure in first two years, (critical period)

Question 11

how does maternal deprivation explain offending?

Answer 11

MD has concequences of abnormalities, delinquency, depression and affectionless psychopathy which may cause offending.

Question 12

which study supports MD?

Answer 12

Bowlby 44 thieves study (1944)
44 thieving children compared to 44 non-thieves.
Bowlby’s questionaire completed by parents.
14/44 thieves had AP
12/44 AP thieves also experiences MD

Question 13

ao3 poor methodology?

Answer 13

limitation
questionaire by bowlby, investigator bias. He had personal relationships with ppts. Questionaire could show social desirability by parents. low validity and results may differ.

Question 14

ao3 other factors?

Answer 14

limitation
only based on association between maternal deprivation and offending.
Lewis (1954) analyzed data from 500 interviews of young people, found MD poor predictor of future offending, not casual relationship