PSYC 100 Chapter 1

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

the scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior.

Question 2

Psychological science

Answer 2

the scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior.

Question 3

Confirmation Bias

Answer 3

The tendency to seek out, pay attention to, and believe only evidence that supports what we are already confident we know.

Question 4

Empirical

Answer 4

based on observation

Question 5

Objective

Answer 5

Based on fact

Question 6

Subjective

Answer 6

Based on feeling or personal opinion

Question 7

Systematic

Answer 7

done️ or️ acting️ according️ to️ a️ fixed️
plan️ or️ system️

Question 8

Self-Correction

Answer 8

when the evidence says you are wrong, you have to admit it and change your ideas

Question 9

Critical thinking

Answer 9

The purposeful reasoned, and goal-oriented process of exploring a situation or problem; is an essential component of psychological literacy.

Question 10

Evolutionary Perspective

Answer 10

The psychological perspective on behavior that seeks to identify how humans’ evolutionary past shapes certain universals that all human beings share.

Question 11

Cultural Perspective

Answer 11

The psychological perspective that seeks to understand how cultural context affects people’s thoughts and
preferences.

Question 12

Evolutionary vs Cultural

Answer 12

Biology and Nature vs Nurture and Environment

Question 13

WEIRD

Answer 13

White, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic

Question 14

Biological-neuroscience perspective

Answer 14

Studies the biological underpinnings of how we think, act and behave

Question 15

Developmental perspective

Answer 15

Examines how people change physically, cognitively, socially, and
emotionally as they age

Question 16

Personality Psychology vs Social Psychology

Answer 16

“Do some people possess
traits that make them more socially skilled?” VS “Are people more socially
skilled in some situations than in other situations?”

Question 17

Educational Psychology

Answer 17

study of teaching and learning.

Question 18

School Psychology

Answer 18

applying psychology in the schools to deal with academic problems, mental
health problems, to improve
student achievement, etc.

Question 19

Industrial/Organizational Psychology

Answer 19

study of factors that influence efficiency, productivity, and satisfaction of workers and organizations

Question 20

Quantitative Psychology

Answer 20

study of statistics and how they
can be used to analyze data from all subfields of psychology.

Question 21

Cognitive perspective

Answer 21

Studies the mental processes that underlie perception, thought,
learning, memory, language, and creativity

Question 22

Emotional Perspective

Answer 22

Examines how the human capacity to feel, express, and perceive
emotions plays an important role in decision-making, behavior, and
social relationships

Question 23

Personality perspective

Answer 23

Seeks to understand aspects of behavior that are relatively stable
over time and situation

Question 24

social perspective

Answer 24

Considers the ways in which immediate social contexts influence thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Question 25

clinical perspective

Answer 25

Focuses on the causes and treatments of psychological disorders, with the goal of improving human well-being, daily functioning, and social relationships

Question 26

pseudoscience

Answer 26

A collection of beliefs or practices mistakenly thought to be based on valid science

Question 27

3 critical thinking questions

Answer 27

-What scientific evidence supports this claim? -Has this topic been studied empirically? -Am I listening to (or reading) someone else’s opinion, or is this information based on facts that are accepted by unbiased experts?

Question 28

unconscious

Answer 28

The part of our mental life that influences our thoughts, feelings, and actions that we cannot directly observe and of which we are unaware.

Question 29

growth mindset

Answer 29

The belief that human personality and behavior can be changed.

Question 30

positive psychology

Answer 30

the scientific study of the factors that make people happy, keep them healthy, and help them manage stress; includes the study of important human experiences, such as hope, courage, and creativity.

Question 31

metacognition

Answer 31

An awareness and understanding of your own thought processes.