Psych

Question 1

Central Nervous system 

Answer 1

Consists of the brain and spinal cord

Question 2

Peripheral nervous system 

Answer 2

Consists of the somatic and autonomic nervous system 

Question 3

Somatic

Answer 3

Voluntary movement of skeletal muscles motor neurons communicate to the central nervous system

Question 4

Autonomic

Answer 4

Mostly without voluntary control, this response to threats flight, fight, or freeze or homeostasis, like sharing when cold

Question 5

Types of autonomic nervous system

Answer 5

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 6

Sympathetic and parasympathetic  nervous system

Answer 6

They’re both complimentary if I’m slow things down the other speeds, it up for examples, parasympathetic, constricts pupils by the sympathetic dilate to them

Question 7

Reflexes

Answer 7

Unconscious response to our environment to keep us safe

Question 8

Two types of spinal reflexes

Answer 8

Monosynaptic and Polly synoptic reflects arcs

Question 9

Monosynaptic reflex arc

Answer 9

Direct communication between sensory and motor neurons, for example, the patella reflex

Question 10

Polysynaltic reflex arc

Answer 10

Multiple steps, for example stimulation of pain receptors with skin initiates a withdrawal reflex

Question 11

Why are reflexes fast?

Answer 11

As no information is passed of the cerebral cortex

Question 12

Frontal lobe

Answer 12

Executive functions, thinking, planning organising problem-solving, emotions, behaviour, controlling personality

Question 13

Motor cortex

Answer 13

Movement

Question 14

Sensory
Cortex

Answer 14

Sensations

Question 15

Parietal lobe

Answer 15

Perception, making sense of the world arithmetics

Question 16

Occipital lobe

Answer 16

Vision

Question 17

Temporal lobe

Answer 17

Memory, understanding and language and hearing

Question 18

How do we create meaningful sentences?

Answer 18

Through the brocas area where wenicks area and Gershwin’s area

Question 19

Brockas area

Answer 19

Coherent speech

Question 20

Wernickes area

Answer 20

Speech processing and understanding language

Question 21

Wernickes aphasia

Answer 21

Talk in nonsensical sentences

Question 22

Brocas aphasia

Answer 22

Can’t speak many words

Question 23

Primary motor cortex

Answer 23

Movement of skeletal muscles left and right finger movements equal more neurons

Question 24

Cerebellum

Answer 24

Moves, communicate with primary cortex, store sequences of movements

Question 25

Basel ganglia

Answer 25

Feedback, loop, controls, information, gathering, receives information from motor cortex

Question 26

Limbic system

Answer 26

Amygdala hypothalamus, and mid brain areas

Question 27

What is the limbic system in charge of?

Answer 27

Memory, emotion, behaviour and motivation

Question 28

Hippocampus

Answer 28

Helps with emotional regulation

Question 29

Hypothalamus

Answer 29

Controls basic survival action, such as regulating stress in the fight flight or freeze response

Question 30

Amygdala

Answer 30

Mediate, fear and also controls how we perceive emotions

Question 31

Neuron

Answer 31

Brain cell that talks with other neurons, via synaptic transmission

Question 32

Neurotransmitter process

Answer 32

Neurotransmitters under your lock and key process that allows for the correct neurotransmitter to be passed from one neuron onto another

Question 33

GABA

Answer 33

Main inhibitory neurotransmitter associated with nervous activity, responds to alcohol and benzodiazepines

Question 34

Glutamate

Answer 34

Excitation of neurons throughout the nervous system, necessary for the changes in synapses that occur with memory formation

Question 35

Acetylcholine

Answer 35

Found in brain, spinal cord, pns (everywhere), causes muscle contractions (voluntary or not), important role in learning memory and rem sleep

Question 36

Dopamine

Answer 36

Involved in thoughts, feelings, motivation and behaviour. Helps control behaviour and the Brian’s reward and pleasure centres, strong reinforcer of behaviour (addictive behaviours) (can treat Parkinson’s)

Question 37

Serotonin

Answer 37

Mood regulation, control of eating sleep, arousal, pain (can treat depression)

Question 38

Norepinephrine

Answer 38

Stress response, increase alertness and arousal. Increase blood pressure and releases glucose into the bloodstream, regulates mood and our ability to concentrate

Question 39

Epinephrine 

Answer 39

Hormone released by the adrenal gland in Response to fear, anxiety and emotional arousal  increase heart rate, breathing and blood pressure

Question 40

Perception

Answer 40

The selection, organisation and interpretation of visual sensations into meaningful events and objects

Question 41

Stage one reception

Answer 41

Light passes through the cornea and pupil and is focussed by the lens onto the retina which contains photoreceptors

Question 42

Stage two transduction

Answer 42

Rods and cones convert light energy into nerve impulses (as signals to the brain)

Question 43

Stage three transmission 

Answer 43

neural impulses, leave the retina by the optic nerve, and travelled to the occipital lobe in the brain

Question 44

Stage four selection

Answer 44

feature detector cells responding to specific features of a stimulus pattern

Question 45

Stage five organisation

Answer 45

The visual cortex recognises information received through the optic nerve using visual perception principles such as gestalt principles and depth cues (makes sense of what you see)

Question 46

Stage six interpretation

Answer 46

Visual stimulus is given meaning. Parietal love helps judge where objects are. Temporal lobe interprets and identifies objects

Question 47

Order of perception process

Answer 47

Reception, transduction transmission selection, organisation interpretation

Question 48

Rods

Answer 48

Black and white, peripheral vision, detecting movement, low visual activity, dim light, edges of retina

Question 49

Cones

Answer 49

Colour, middle retina, bright light