psych 466 test 2.3 Flashcards
(28 cards)
adjusting schedule
a schedule in which the response requirement changes as a function of the organism’s performance while responding for the previous reinforcer
behavioral bliss point approach
theory that an organism with free access to alternative activities, will distribute its behavior in such a way as to maximize overall reinforcement; however, this can be impossible to achieve due to the way contingencies are entangled.
chained schedule
a schedule consisting of a sequence of two or more simple schedules, each with its own SD and the last of which results in a terminal reinforcer
complex schedule
a schedule consisting of a combination of 2 or more simple schedules
conjunctive schedule
a type of complex schedule in which the requirements of two or more simple schedules must be met before a reinforcer is delivered
continuous reinforcement schedule
a schedule in which each specified response is reinforced
differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL)
a schedule in which a minimum amount of time must pass between each response before the reinforcer will be delivered - or more generally, reinforcement is provided for responding at a SLOW rate
differential reinforcement of paced responding (DRP)
a schedule in which reinforcement is contingent upon emitting a series of responses at a set rate - or more generally, reinforcement is provided for responding neither too fast nor too slow
differential reinforcement of high rates (DRH)
a schedule in which reinforcement is contingent upon emitting at least a certain number of responses in a certain period of time - or more generally, reinforcement is provided for responding at a FAST rate
drive reduction theory
an event is reinforcing to the extent that it is associated with a reduction in some type of physiological drive
fixed duration schedule (FD)
a schedule in which reinforcement is contingent upon continuous performance of a behavior for a fixed, predictable period of time
fixed interval schedule (FI)
a schedule in which the reinforcement is contingent upon the first responses after a fixed predictable period of time
fixed ratio schedule (FR)
a schedule where reinforcement is delivered following a fixed, predictable number of repsonses
fixed time schedule (FT)
a schedule where the reinforcer is delivered following a fixed, predictable period of time, regardless of the organisms behavior
goal gradient effect
an increase in the strength and or efficiency of responding as one draws near to the goal
incentive motivation
motivation derived from some property of the reinforcer as opposed to an internal drive state
intermittent (partial) reinforcement schedule
a schedule in which only some responses are reinforced.
Ratio / Interval
noncontingent schedule of reinforcement
a schedule in which the reinforcer is delivered independently of any behavior
premack principle
the notion that a high probability behavior can be used to reinforce a low probability behavior. It’s not the stimulus that’s reinforced, but the behavior; not food, but eating.
ratio strain
a disruption in responding due to an overly demanding response requirement
response deprivation hypothesis
Considers reinforcement to be behavior / the notion that a behavior can serve as a reinforcer when;
- access to the behavior is restricted.
- its frequency thereby falls below its preferred level of occurrence.
response rate schedule
a schedule in which reinforcement is directly contingent upon the organisms rate of response
schedule of reinforcement
the response requirement that must be met to obtain reinforcement
variable duration (VD) schedule
a schedule in which reinforcement is contingent upon continuous performance of a behavior for a varying, unpredictable period of time
