Psych chapters 1 and 2 Flashcards
(29 cards)
nature vs nurture debate
the debate as to whether nature (hereditary factors) or nurture (environmental factors) has a bigger influence on development
What is typical behaviour?
Typical is the behaviour of majority of the population
eg. singing loudly at a concert
define nature
- hereditary factors
- genetically passed down from biological parents to offspring
define nurture
- environmental factors
- individuals physical and social surroundings
What is psychological development?
the changes in a persons social, cognitive and emotional abilities from infancy to old age
What does the biopsychosocial model do?
characterises the the factors that interact/influence development and mental wellbeing as well as biological, psychological and social
Piaget’s theory
- 4 stages in childhood
Small Pigs Can Fly
Sensory motor stage
preoperational stage
concrete operational
formal operational
hereditary factors
genetic characteristics determined %100 percent by nature.
eg. eye colour
- blood type
environmental factors
external surroundings and how they impact your physical, emotional and cognitive development.
eg. growing up ‘enriched’ or ‘deprived’
- personality
- friends
How do both genetic and environmental factors work together to affect a person’s mental health?
a persons psychological health is made of a combination of environmental and hereditary factors.
What is mental wellbeing?
the state of emotional and social wellbeing where a person realises their own abilities
What are biological factors influenced by?
genetics, physiological activity and nervous system.
eg. disease
- immune systemn
What is a psychological factor?
patterns of cognitive and emotional function that contribute through thoughts, emotions and behaviours.
eg. learning and memory
- coping skills
What is a social factor?
a persons interaction with their environment, through income, education, and social circles.
eg. lifestyle
- cultural values
- tradition
risk and protective factors
BPSM factors are categorised as either risks or protective
risk: increase in likelihood of developing mental health disorders
protective: decrease the likelihood of developing mental health disorders
What does emotional development involve?
changes in how a person experiences, interprets and expresses the full range of emotions and the ability to cope.
What does cognitive development involve?
changes in a persons mental abilities including their thinking, learning, memory etc.
What does social development involve?
changes with a persons ability to interact with others and function.
What is the attachment theory?
the emotional bond/relationship between infant and mother
three concepts of mental adaption
schema, assimilation, accomodation
What is schema?
Mental representations that you develop through experiences (perceptions, ideas or actions)
What is assimilation?
Applying existing schemas to new experience
What is accomodation?
modifying existing schema to fit new info
maturation?
the order of physical growth and development of body, brain, nerves.
