Psych VIVAs Flashcards by Chayna Tae

mechanism of alcohol’s effects

anxiolytic: increased GABA
euphoric: increased dopamine
amnesic: decreased NMDA mediated glutamate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

recommended alcohol limit in UK

14 units/week w. several alcohol free days

M: 3-4 units/day
F: 2-3 units/day

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

signs of alcohol dependency

compulsion
aware of harm but continues
neglect of other activities
tolerance
sx of withdrawal
time w. substance incrases
out of control use
past sobriety attempts failed

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

signs of acute alcohol intoxication

labile mood
aggression
impaired judgement
slurred speech
unsteady gait
ataxia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

signs of acute alcohol poisoning

cold clammy skin
unconscious
puking
slow breathing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

risks assoc. w. excessive drinking

liver disease
cardiovascular disease
malnutrition

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

signs of alcohol withdrawal

autonomic: tachycardia, hypertensive, sweating, tremor

GI: n&v

mood: anxious + irritable

sleep disturbance: insomnia + nightmares

psych: hallucinations

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is delirium tremens

acute confusional state secondary to alcohol withdrawal 48hr after abstinence

delirium
extreme fear
autonomic disturbance
tremor
hallucinations

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

why is pabrinex given to alcoholics

prevent Wernicke’s

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is Wernicke’s encephalopathy

acute onset
confusion + opthalmoplegia + ataxia
secondary to neuronal damage due to thiamine deficiency

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is Korsakoff’s psychosis

consequence of Wernicke’s

irreversible anterograde amnesia + confabulation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

tools for assessing alcohol dependence

AUDIT - identify disorder
SAD-Q - assess severity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Physical complications of AN

bradycardia + hypotension
GI upset
amenorrhoea + infertility
osteoporosis
peripheral neuropathy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

mortality of AN

10%

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

when to admit for inpatient treatment of AN

BMI <13 or rapid weight loss
serious physical complications
high suicide risk

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

RFs for self harm

age
stressors
abuse
personality disorders

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

outline MHA of 1983

2: up to 28 days for assessment, requires AMHP + Dr
3: up to 6 months for treatment, requires Dr + Sec12 approved Dr
5(2): detention for 72hrs for further detention assessment under MHA
136: police power, public place
137: police power, forced entry into private property

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

key points of consent in children

Gillick competence in <16s
can consent if deemed capacitous
cannot refuse treatment

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

aetiology of Alzheimers

late onset - apolipoprotein E4 allele

early onset - AD mutation of beta-amyloid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

RFs for Alzheimer’s

age
female
vascular RFs
head injury
low IQ

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Clusters of personality disorders

A - odd
B - dramatic
C - anxious

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

personality disorder vs personality trait

disorder is:
pervasive
persistent
pathological

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

big five personality traits

openness
conscientiousness
extroversion
agreeableness
neuroticism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

dxic criteria for BPAD

≥2 episodes, one of which is mania/hypomania w. complete recovery between

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

types of BPAD

1: manic + depressive 2: hypomanic + depressive rapid cycling: >4 eps/year mixed: both in single episode, present every day for ≥1/52

therapeutic range of lithium

0.6-1.0 mmol/L toxicity > 1.2

SEs of lithium

lethargy insipidus diabetes tremor hypothyroidism intestinal urine increased metallic taste

precipitating factors of lithium OD/toxicity

dehydration ACEi ARBs dialysis

long term consequences of lithium use

renal impairment hypothyroidism

teratogenic effects of mood stabilisers

lithium - Ebstein's anomaly valproate/carbamazepine - spina bifida

SEs of clozapine

agranulocytosis neutropenia lower seizure trheshold

how does smoking affect clozapine therpay

requires higher dose

define delirium

acute confusional state from physical cause

drugs that may cause psychosis

steroids ethambutol cannabis cocaine

define delusional disorder

fixed firm false belief outside relevant cultural norms and other than those which are schizophrenic

criteria for delusional disorder

present for 3 months no persistent hallucinations delusions persist without mood disturbances

core symptoms of depression

low mood anergia anhedonia

physical causes of depression

anaemia hypothyroidism Cushing's dementia

cognitive symptoms of depression

selective memory for negative events pathological guilt pessimism

Beck's cognitive triad

negative views about: self world future

features of abnormal grief

disabling >6 months duration delayed

psychosis in depression vs schizophrenia

depression: mood congruent

route of administration of drugs for opiate withdrawal

methadone - oral liquid buprenorphine - sublingual tablet

MoA of methadone and buprenorphine

methadone - full mu agonist buprenorphine - partial mu agonist

GAD vs panic disorder

GAD: no specific triggering stimulus continuous and generalised panic: sudden attacks of extreme anxiety

define agoraphobia

fear of being unable to easily escape to a safe place

define social phobia

fear of being scrutinised/criticised by others

prognosis of anxiety disorder

1/3 - full recovery 1/3 - partial improvement 1/3 - considerable disability

define mild LD

IQ 50-69 struggle at school delayed development live/work independently w. appropriate support

define moderate LD

IQ 35-49 language/cognition: less developed motor: limited, reduced self-care simple practical work if supported long term supported accom

define severe LD

IQ 20-34 language: little/none motor: markers impairment simple tasks w. support 24 hr support

define profound LD

IQ <20 severely limited language and mobility significant assoc. medical conditions high support level

associated conditions of LDs

epilepsy mental health problems ASD mood/anxiety disorders

obsession vs delusional belief

obsession: repetitive intrusive thoughts evidence of resistance and avoidance

incidence of puerperal psychosis

1 in 1000

main SEs of atypical antipsychotics

metabolic extrapyramidal

MoA of atypical antipsychotics

blocks dopamine and serotonin receptors

defin schizoid personality disorder

avoid interpersonal relationships difficulty expressing emotions

define somatisation

multiple recurrent frequently changing physical symptoms caused by psychological distress

define hypochondrial disorder

persistent preoccupation on specific condition

examples of medically-unexplained symptoms

conversion disorder fibromyalgia chronic fatigue syndrome

medications to avoid on SSRIs

NSAIDs + aspirin triptans warfarin/heparin

SEs of SSRIs

n & v appetite/weight changes anxiety/agitation headache sweating hyponatraemia

cardinal features of PTSD

reliving hyperarousal avoidance

define adjustment disorder

greater than expected reaction to life changes but not severe enough to diagnose anxiety disorder/depression

physical manifestations of anxiety

tremor palpitations sweating hyperventilation

Psych VIVAs Flashcards

(67 cards)