Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences

Question 1

Vicarious conditioning

Answer 1

When an individual’s likelihood of repeating a behavior is based on the observed consequences to a model rather than through direct experience.

Question 2

Shaping

Answer 2

Refers to reinforcing gradual steps (successive approximations) toward a desired behavior until the desired behavior is fully developed.

Question 3

Counterconditioning

Answer 3

Involves unlearning a behavior by replacing an unwanted response (e.g. anxiety) with a new, desirable response (e.g. being relaxed) through classical conditioning

Question 4

Pyromania

Answer 4

Irresistible fire setting (no motivating factor other than to relieve impulse)

Question 5

Kleptomania

Answer 5

Irresistible stealing (no motivating factor other than to relieve impulse)

Question 6

Oppositional defiant disorder

Answer 6

Episodes of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant, vindictive (no serious violation of rights/norms)

Question 7

Conduct disorder

Answer 7

Unlawful, aggressive, destructive, deceitful, breaks important rules (serious and pervasive violations of rights/norms)

Question 8

Unlawful, aggressive, deceitful, reckless, irresponsible, no remorse (serious and pervasive violations of rights/norms), (>18 y.o; onset <y.o)

Answer 8

Antisocial personality disorder

Question 9

Severe temper outburst (with normal baseline mood and behaviors)

Answer 9

Intermittent explosive disorder

Question 10

Irresistible fire setting (no motivating factor other than to relieve impulse)

Answer 10

Pyromania

Question 11

Irresistible stealing (no motivating factor other than to relieve impulse)

Answer 11

Kleptomania

Question 12

Chronic and severe angry/irritable baseline mood with severe temper outbursts (if DMDD fits, then diagnose DMDD over ODD)

Answer 12

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Question 13

Misconduct due to an identifiable stressor, which cannot be explained by another disorder

Answer 13

Adjustment disorder with disturbance of conduct

Question 14

Misconduct due to an identifiable stressor, which cannot be explained by another disorder

Answer 14

Adjustment disorder with disturbance of conduct