Psychodynamic approach

Question 1

Who is the main figure in the psychodynamic approach?

Answer 1

Sigmund Freud

Question 2

What does the psychodynamic approach out an emphasis on?

Answer 2

Change and development in an individual

Childhood plays a major role

Question 3

What is the best known psychodynamic theory?

Answer 3

Psychoanalysis

Question 4

What are the 4 key methods of the psychodynamic approach?

Answer 4

The role of the unconscious
The tripartite of personality
Defence mechanisms
The psychosexual stages

Question 5

What is the role of the unconscious?

Answer 5

We have an ‘unconscious’ mind which influences most of our daily behaviours

Question 6

What metaphor is used to describe the unconscious?

Answer 6

An iceberg

The top of the ice berg is visible (conscious) but the much larger part is hidden under the surface (unconscious)

Question 7

What are the 3 divisions of the conscious memory?

Answer 7

The conscious
The precocious
The unconscious

Question 8

What is the conscious?

The role of the unconscious

Answer 8

The small amount of mental activity we know about

e.g. thoughts

Question 9

What is the preconscious?

The role of the unconscious

Answer 9

Things we COULD be aware of if we wanted or tried

e.g. stored info

Question 10

What is the unconscious?

The role of the unconscious

Answer 10

Things we are unaware of and cannot become aware of

e.g. instincts

Question 11

What is the tripartite of personality?

Answer 11

Personality is composed of 3 parts

Behaviour is a compromise between these parts

Question 12

What are the 3 parts of the tripartite of personality?

Answer 12

Id
Ego
Superego

Question 13

What is the Id?

Tripartite of personality

Answer 13

The ‘selfish beast’ of the personality
Contained in the unconscious mind
Operates according to the ‘pleasure principle’

Question 14

What is an example of the Id?

Tripartite of personality

Answer 14

‘I want it now!’

Question 15

What is the ego?

Tripartite of personality

Answer 15

‘Balances the Id and superego

Operates according to the ‘reality principle’

Question 16

What is an example of the ego?

Tripartite of personality

Answer 16

‘Maybe I can find a compromise’

Question 17

What is the superego?

Tripartite of personality

Answer 17

The ‘relentless policeman’ that continues to insists we do the ‘right thing’
Contained in the conscious mind
The ego ideal

Question 18

What is an example of the superego?

Tripartite of personality

Answer 18

‘Nice people don’t do that’

Question 19

When can defence mechanisms be triggered?

Answer 19

When faced with a situation that can’t be rationally dealt with

Question 20

What part of the tripartite is used in defence mechanisms?

Answer 20

The ego-trying to be a good person so shields from anything bad

Question 21

What are defence mechanisms and how do they work?

Answer 21

Unconscious distortion of reality to reduce anxiety the memory causes
This then stops the individual becoming aware of these negative feelings

Question 22

What are the 3 defence mechanisms?

Answer 22

Repression
Denial
Displacement

Question 23

What is repression?

Defence mechanisms

Answer 23

Forcing a distressing memory out of your conscious mind

Question 24

What is an example of repression?

Defence mechanisms

Answer 24

e.g. forgetting the trauma of a pet dying

Question 25

What is denial? | Defence mechanisms

Answer 25

Refusing to acknowledge some aspect of reality

Question 26

What is an example of denial? | Defence mechanisms

Answer 26

e.g. continuing to turn up to work even though you've been fired

Question 27

What is displacement? | Defence mechanisms

Answer 27

Transferring feelings from the true object of anxiety onto a substitute target

Question 28

What is an example of displacement? | Defence mechanisms

Answer 28

e.g. slamming the door after a row

Question 29

What does psychosexual development refer to?

Answer 29

States that events in our childhood have a great influence on our adult lives, shaping our personality

Question 30

What is the relevance of the 5 stages all children go through? Psychosexual development

Answer 30

Each stage has a designated 'pleasure zone' and 'primary activity' Each stage requires resolution of a task Failure to do this successfully will lead to a fixation

Question 31

What are the 5 stages of psychosexual development?

Answer 31

``` Oral Anal Phallic Latent Genital ```

Question 32

What is the oral stage of psychosexual development?

Answer 32

0-1 | Drink from bottle and teething

Question 33

What is the anal stage of psychosexual development?

Answer 33

1-3 | Potty training

Question 34

What is the phallic stage of psychosexual development?

Answer 34

3-6 | Recognising different genders

Question 35

What is the latent stage of psychosexual development?

Answer 35

6-11 | Awareness of society

Question 36

What is the genital stage of psychosexual development?

Answer 36

12+ | Puberty and sexuality

Question 37

What is fixation? | Psychosexual development

Answer 37

Getting stuck at any one of the stages May occur due to trauma, pleasant or unpleasant experiences etc Traces of the stage will remain in behaviour as an adult