Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Different from the norm;unusual; statistically atypical

Answer 1

abnormal

Question 2

When is abnormal behavior a psychological disorder

Answer 2

when the behavior causes significant stress

Question 3

What is normal distress

Answer 3

when the distress is an expected response to an event

Question 4

Impairs one’s ability to get along in life

Answer 4

dysfunction

Question 5

How to classify psychological disorders

Answer 5

1. syndromes
2. Diagnostic and statistic manual
   3 Group disorders by category
3. Checklist of observable symptoms for diagnoses

Question 6

What do mental health professionals use diagnostic labels for?

Answer 6

1. Efficiently communicate about their cases
2. Bring to mind the “likely” underlying causes
3. Discern effective treatment programs

Question 7

What is the defining feature of anxiety disorders?

Answer 7

exaggeration of threat

Question 8

What do anxiety disorders result in?

Answer 8

distressing, persistent anxiety

Question 9

What can anxiety disorders lead to?

Answer 9

Maladaptive, anxiety-reducing behaviors

Question 10

What is the defining feature of a generalized anxiety disorder?

Answer 10

Continually tense and uneasy-even in the absence of any specific anxiety-provoking stimulus

Question 11

What is the defining feature of panic disorder?

Answer 11

intense fear, frightening physiological symptoms

Question 12

Intense fear of a particular animal, object, or situation

Answer 12

phobias

Question 13

What are the defining features of OCD?

Answer 13

Obsessions and compulsions

Question 14

Recurrent and persistent distress-causing thoughts

Answer 14

obsessions

Question 15

Repetitive behaviors driven by the obsessions

Answer 15

compulsions

Question 16

What are the five common types of obsessions?

Answer 16

1. Contamination
2. Repeated doubts
3. Need for symmetry, orderliness
4. Aggressive impulses
5. Sexual imagery

Question 17

What are the five common types of compulsions?

Answer 17

1. Cleaning,washing
2. checking
3. Arranging; lining up objects
4. Counting, repeating words, constant praying
5. Hoarding

Question 18

What are the Defining features of PTSD?

Answer 18

exposed to a traumatic event and reacted with intense fear, helplessness, or horror
re-experiences trauma

Question 19

How do people re-experience trauma?

Answer 19

1. distressing recollections/dreams
2. feeling of reliving trauma
3. intense distress/ physiological arousal when exposed to reminders

Question 20

Anxiety arises from unpredictable and/or uncontrollable negative events
Stimulus generalization
reinforcement

Answer 20

Fear conditioning

Question 21

Fears may be transmitted by others, either vicariously or via information or misinformation

Answer 21

observational learning

Question 22

Exaggerations or distortions of normal mood states

Answer 22

mood disorders

Question 23

Tendency to feel helpless in the face of events we cannot control

Answer 23

Learned helplessness

Question 24

How is a bipolar disorder characterized?

Answer 24

manic episode; depression and mania

Question 25

What are the symptoms or a manic episode?

Answer 25

A period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable moods

Question 26

View of mental illness in which odd behavior; hearing voices, or talking to oneself was attributed to evil spirits infesting the body

Answer 26

demonic model

Question 27

View of mental illness as due to a physical disorder requiring medical treatment

Answer 27

medical model

Question 28

institution for people with mental illnesses created in the 15th century

Answer 28

asylum

Question 29

percentage of people within population who have a specific mental disorder

Answer 29

prevalence

Question 30

dimension of functioning

Answer 30

axis

Question 31

co-occurence of two or more diagnoses within the same person

Answer 31

comorbidity

Question 32

model in which a mental disorder differs from normal functioning in kind rather than degree

Answer 32

categorical model

Question 33

model in which a mental disorder differs from normal functioning in degree rather than kind

Answer 33

dimensional model

Question 34

legal defense proposing that people should not be held legally responsible for their actions if they weren't of "sound mind" when committing them

Answer 34

insanity defense

Question 35

Procedure of placing some people with mental illnesses in a psychiatric hospital or other facility based on their potential danger to themselves or others, or their inability to care for themselves

Answer 35

involuntary commitment

Question 36

condition marked by physical symptoms that suggest an underlying medical illness, but they are actually psychological in origin

Answer 36

somatoform disorder

Question 37

An individual's continual preoccupation with the notion that he has a serious physical disease

Answer 37

hypochondriasis

Question 38

continual feelings of worry, anxiety, physical tension, and irritability across many areas of life functioning

Answer 38

generalized anxiety disorder

Question 39

fear of being in a place or situation from which escape is difficult or embarrassing, or in which help in the event of a panic attack

Answer 39

agoraphobia

Question 40

state un which a person experiences a lingering depressed mood or diminished interest in pleasurable activities, along with symptoms that include weight loss and sleep difficulties

Answer 40

major depressive episode