Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Deviance

Answer 1

Having thoughts or behaviours that are far from the typical behaviour of others

Question 2

Distress

Answer 2

Negative feelings related to thoughts and behaviour

Question 3

Disfunction

Answer 3

Interferes with person’s ability to function in daily lives. Difficulty completing everyday tasks.

Question 4

Danger

Answer 4

Safety risk to oneself or others assoiciated with thought or behaviour

Question 5

DSM

Answer 5

Categorize and classify mental disorders so clinicians have a common set of criteria for diagnosing symptoms. Allows researchers to talk to each other about mental disorders.

Question 6

Categorical Model

Answer 6

Classified items differ from each other in kind. Defined by rigid boundaries.

Question 7

Dimensional Classification Model

Answer 7

Differs from each other in degree

i.e. variety of heights within spectrum of height

Question 8

Cormorbidity

Answer 8

Coexistence of two or more disorders at same time. High degree of cormorbidity in DSM-5

Question 9

Epidemiology

Answer 9

Study of distribution of disorders in a population

Question 10

Prognosis

Answer 10

Probable course of an illness

Question 11

Acute

Answer 11

Short lasting with sudden onset

Question 12

Chronic

Answer 12

Long-lasting and develop over time (most disorders)

Question 13

Episodic

Answer 13

Recurrent phases separated by periods of normal functioning

Question 14

Prevalence

Answer 14

Percentage of a population that exhibits that disorder at a specific instance in time

Question 15

Point Prevalence

Answer 15

Anyone who has had the disorder at that current point in time

Question 16

Annual Prevalence

Answer 16

Anyone who has had the disorder in the past year

Question 17

Lifetime Prevalence

Answer 17

Anyone who has had the disorder in their lifetime

Question 18

Hetergeneity

Answer 18

Possibility that two people diagnosed with same disorder may experience different symptoms

Question 19

Depression

Answer 19

Marked by intense, recurrent episodes of sadness

Question 20

Symptoms of Unipolar Depression (Major Depressive Disorder)

Answer 20

Spends a lot of time sleeping, very little interest in doing anything, very little appetite and chronic headaches and muscle sores, mind filled with negative thoughts, thoughts of suicide.

Question 21

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Answer 21

Marked by constant, severe anxiety throughout various, trivial situations.

Question 22

GAD symptoms

Answer 22

dizziness, sleep problems, headaches, nausea, difficulty concentrating, irritable

Question 23

Schizophrenia

Answer 23

Disorganized thoughts or behaviour. Often have a combo of different types of symptoms

Question 24

Positive Symptoms

Answer 24

Behaviours that show an increased presentation. Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, motor behaviour

Question 25

Hallucinations

Answer 25

perceptions of things that are not there. most commonly auditory hallucinations.

Question 26

Delusions

Answer 26

Irrational belief

Question 27

Disorganized Thinking

Answer 27

problems in organizing ideas

Question 28

Motor Behaviour

Answer 28

Catatonic Stupor: reduction in movement Catatonic Excitement: Frantic motor movement

Question 29

Negative Symptoms

Answer 29

Behaviours that show decreased presentation

Question 30

Affect

Answer 30

emotional responsiveness

Question 31

Flat Affect

Answer 31

very little emotional response

Question 32

Inappropriate affect

Answer 32

inappropriate response to a situation

Question 33

Etiology

Answer 33

cause or set of causes of a disorder

Question 34

Biological Model

Answer 34

Assumes psychological disorder is due to biological malfunction in brain. Identical twins more likely to share a trait then its likely due to a genetic component

Question 35

Biological Model Causes

Answer 35

Genetics may predispose individual for psychological disorders. Abnormal neurotransmitter activity levels and brain structures may be linked to psychological disorders

Question 36

Environmental Model

Answer 36

Accounts for environmental factors that could affect mental health including where we eat, where we live, and who we socialize with.

Question 37

Behavioural Model

Answer 37

Considers how environment affects behaviours. Environment not the issue but our response to them. Contingencies, rewards, and punishments influence our behaviours

Question 38

Learned Helplessness

Answer 38

Theory assumes depressive symptoms arise from feeling of helplessness that individuals would eventually learn to withhold responding

Question 39

Cognitive Model

Answer 39

Mental disorders develop from maladaptive or negative interpretations of life around us