Psychology Test

Question 1

Personality

Answer 1

the pattern of enduring characteristics that produce individuality in a person

Question 2

Psychodynamic approaches to personality

Answer 2

personality is motivated by inner forces (Sigmund Freud)

Question 3

Psychoanalytic theory

Answer 3

Freud’s theory that unconscious forces act as determinants of personality.

Question 4

The Unconscious

Answer 4

a part of the personality that contains the memories, knowledge, beliefs,

Question 5

How many parts of ego according to Freud

Answer 5

3 - Ego, Superego and Id

Question 6

What is Id

Answer 6

the raw, unorganized, inborn part of personality created by primitive drives, selfishness, unconsious

Question 7

What is the Ego

Answer 7

strives to balance the desires of the id and the outside world, makes decisions and controls actions

Question 8

What is the superego (perfectionist)

Answer 8

represents the rights and wrongs of society, helps us control impulses coming from the id, making our behavior less selfish

Question 9

Psychosexual Stages

Answer 9

Developmental periods that children pass through during which they encounter conflicts between the demands of society and their own sexual urges.

Question 10

Fixations

Answer 10

Conflicts or concerns that persist beyond the developmental period in which they first occur.

Question 11

The oral stage

Answer 11

At this stage, the baby’s mouth is the focal point of pleasure (from 12-18 months to 3 years of age)

Question 12

The anal stage

Answer 12

A period when the emphasis in Western cultures is on toilet training (from 12-18 months to 3 years of age)

Question 13

The phallic stage

Answer 13

Now interest focuses on the genitals and the pleasures derived from fondling them. (from 3 to 5-6 years of age)

Question 14

The latency period

Answer 14

During this period, sexual interests become dormant (5 years - adolecence)

Question 15

The genital stage

Answer 15

The focus during the genital stage is on mature, adult sexuality, which Freud defined as sexual intercourse. (Adolescence - death)

Question 16

Neo-Freudian psychoanalysts

Answer 16

People trained in Freudian theories but later changed their minds about the theory.

Question 17

Collective Unconscious

Answer 17

a common set of ideas, feelings, images, and symbols that we inherit from our ancestors

Question 18

Trait theory

Answer 18

a model of personality that seeks to identify the basic traits necessary to describe personality.

Question 19

Traits

Answer 19

consistent personality characteristics

Question 20

Social cognitive approaches to personality

Answer 20

theories that emphasize the influence of a person’s cognitions

Question 21

Self-efficacy

Answer 21

the belief in one’s personal capabilities

Question 22

Biological and evolutionary approaches to personality

Answer 22

theories that suggest that important components of personality are inherited.

Question 23

Humanistic approaches to personality

Answer 23

theories that emphasize people’s innate goodness and desire to achieve higher levels of functioning.

Question 24

Unconditional positive regard

Answer 24

an attitude of acceptance and respect on the part of an observer

Question 25

(DSM-5)

Answer 25

a system used by professionals to diagnose and classify abnormal behaviour.

Question 26

Specific phobia

Answer 26

the intense, irrational fears of specific objects or situations.

Question 27

Specific phobia

Answer 27

the intense, irrational fears of specific objects or situations.

Question 28

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer 28

the occurrence of long-term, persistent anxiety and worry.

Question 29

Compulsions

Answer 29

irresistible urge to repeatedly carry out some act that seems strange and unreasonable

Question 30

SAD

Answer 30

SEASONAL AFFECTIVE DISORDER

Question 31

Antisocial personality disorder

Answer 31

a disorder in which individuals show no regard for the moral and ethical rules of society

Question 32

Borderline personality disorder

Answer 32

a disorder in which individuals have difficulty developing a secure sense of who they are.

Question 33

Somatic Symptom Disorders

Answer 33

psychological difficulties that take on a physical (somatic) form, but for which there is no medical cause.

Question 34

Conversion disorders

Answer 34

disorder that involves an actual physical disturbance, such as the inability to use a sensory organ or the complete or partial inability to move an arm or leg

Question 35

Psychodynamic therapy

Answer 35

seeks to bring unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious into the conscious

Question 36

Psychoanalysis

Answer 36

goal is to release hidden unconscious thoughts and feelings in order to reduce their power in controlling behaviour.

Question 37

Aversive conditioning

Answer 37

pairing an unpleasant stimulus with undesired behaviour.

Question 38

Systematic desensitization

Answer 38

a behavioural technique in which gradual exposure to an anxiety-producing stimulus is paired with relaxation to extinguish the response of anxiety

Question 39

Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)

Answer 39

getting people to accept who they are, regardless of whether it matches their ideal.

Question 40

Community psychology

Answer 40

a branch of psychology that focuses on the prevention and minimization of psychological disorders in the community.

Question 41

Deinstitutionalization

Answer 41

he transfer of former mental patients from institutions to the community.

Question 42

Health psychology

Answer 42

the branch of psychology that investigates the psychological factors related to wellness and illness

Question 43

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)

Answer 43

the study of the relationship among psychological factors, the immune system, and the brain.

Question 44

General adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Answer 44

alarm and mobilization, resistance, and exhaustion.

Question 45

Type B behaviour

Answer 45

Easy going

Question 46

Type A

Answer 46

Competitve

Question 47

Type D Behaviour

Answer 47

Stressful

Question 48

Reactance

Answer 48

a negative emotional and cognitive reaction that result from the restriction of one’s freedom and that can be associated with medical regimens.