Psychosis

Question 1

Features characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and formal thought disorder

Answer 1

Psychotic features

Question 2

Mental disorder in which a person is sufficiently impaired to grossly interfere with his or her capacity to deal with reality

Answer 2

Psychosis

Question 3

Has classical characteristics of impaired reality testing, hallucinations, delusions, and illusions

Answer 3

Psychosis

Question 4

Occurs in both the auditory and visual domains, mainly in the context of impaired vision or hearing

Answer 4

Charles Bonnet Syndrome

Question 5

Considered to be a sensory release phenomenon

Answer 5

Charles Bonnet Syndrome

Question 6

A perception arising in the absence of an external stimulus

Answer 6

Hallucinations

Question 7

A perception that is a misrepresentation or misinterpretation of an external stimulus

Answer 7

Illusions

Question 8

Localized brainstem regions can cause hallucinations called

Answer 8

Peduncular hallucinations

Question 9

Mostly univocal and perceived as external, not imagined

Answer 9

Hallucinations

Question 10

What are the three main areas of the brain involved in hallucinations?

Answer 10

Primary/secondary sensory cortices, memory and language centers, and regulatory centers

Question 11

Simple hallucinations seem to occur exclusively with abnormalities of the

Answer 11

Primary and associative cortices

Question 12

Seem to involve further processing from the Thalamus and Upper brainstem

Answer 12

Complex hallucinations

Question 13

Awareness of the reality of hallucinations and illusions seems to be related to

Answer 13

Prefrontal functioning

Question 14

The presence of one or more delusions with a duration of 1 month or longer without markedly impaired function or noticeably odd behavior

Answer 14

Delusional disorder

Question 15

Fixed beliefs not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence

Answer 15

Delusion

Question 16

When you have a dilution based on multiple things at once

Answer 16

Polythematic

Question 17

Thinking a celebrity is in love with you or you are in love with them

Answer 17

Erotomania

Question 18

An example of delusions of misidentification

Answer 18

Capgras syndrome

Question 19

Believing that everyone you see is actually someone else in disguise

Answer 19

Fregoli syndrome

Question 20

Patients are found to have decreased autonomic response to familiar faces compared to control

Answer 20

Capers syndrome

Question 21

Capgras patients do however recognize faces when

Answer 21

Shown in pictures

Question 22

Making a decision early, with little evidence

Answer 22

Jumping to conclusions

Question 23

Lesions related to delusions are typically

Answer 23

Right frontal

Question 24

A popular candidate for area specific to delusions

Answer 24

Right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Question 25

Has been shown to be attenuated by dopamine receptor blockers

Answer 25

Jumping to conclusions

Question 26

Has been associated with pre-frontal functioning, especially the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Answer 26

Psychosis

Question 27

Equal prevalence across genders, but tends to present earlier in men compared to women

Answer 27

Schizophrenia

Question 28

Symptoms last greater than 6 months

Answer 28

Schizophrenia

Question 29

Only delusions, must have for more than one month

Answer 29

Delusional disorder

Question 30

Symptoms lasting only 1-6 months

Answer 30

Schizophreniform

Question 31

Symptoms from 1 day to 1 month, usually stress related

Answer 31

Brief psychotic reaction

Question 32

Meets criteria for schizophrenia at baseline. However, a mood disorder is a prominent comorbid presenting feature

Answer 32

Schizoaffective Disorder

Question 33

Psychotic symptoms are ONLY present in the context of mood abnormalities and NOT present when mood is normal

Answer 33

Mood disorder (I.e. major depression or bipolar)

Question 34

A common CT finding in schizophrenia is

Answer 34

Enlarged Ventricles

Question 35

Several areas of gray matter thinning and decreased “connectivity” have been seen in more advanced MRI with

Answer 35

Schizophrenia

Question 36

The areas of decreased connectivity in schizophrenia are in the

Answer 36

Frontal and temporal lobes

Question 37

The initial theory on schizophrenia was that it was caused by elevated

Answer 37

Dopamine

Question 38

Abnormalities in normal synaptic pruning in adolescence leads to

Answer 38

Schizophrenia

Question 39

Abnormal synaptic pruning may explain why schizophrenia is associated with

Answer 39

C4 complement gene

Question 40

There is also evidence of decrease in the “helper” glial cells surrounding the neurons in

Answer 40

Schizophrenia

Question 41

Mainly treats hallucinations and delusions -Less consistent for symptoms of disorganization of negative symptoms

Answer 41

Dopamine Receptor Blocking Agents (DRBAs)

Question 42

First generation “high potency” DRBAs were predominantly

Answer 42

Dopamine receptor antagonists

Question 43

First generation “low potency” DRBAs were dopamine antagonists, but also strongly

Answer 43

Anticholinergic

Question 44

Dopamine receptor antagonists with serotonin activity

Answer 44

Second generation DRBA’s

Question 45

Partial dopamine agonists with serotonin activity

Answer 45

Third generation DRBA’s