psychotic disorders

Question 1

characteristics of psychosis

Answer 1

1. disorganization
   - can’t put thoughts or actions together
2. decreased social functioning
   - inability to interact
3. loss of contact with reality

Question 2

predisposing factors

Answer 2

• *no single cause, but a combo
  1. biological (genetics, neurotransmitters, diseases)
  2. psychological (family, stress)
  3. environmental/sociocultural (lower socioeconomic status)

Question 3

transaction model

Answer 3

1. precipitating event that leads to symptoms
2. predisposing factors
3. cognitive appraisal
4. quality of response (adaptive or maladaptive)

Question 4

positive symptoms

Answer 4

• exaggeration of normal function
• more successful at treating
• content of thought
• form of thought
• perception
• sense of self

Question 5

negative symptoms

Answer 5

• loss of normal function
• more detrimental
• affect
• volition
• impaired social function
• psychomotor
• associated features

Question 6

phases of psychotic disorder

Answer 6

1. premorbid
2. prodomal
3. schizophrenia/psychosis
4. residual

Question 7

content of thought (+ symptoms)

Answer 7

• delusions
• religiosity
• paranoia
• magical thinking
• idea of reference

Question 8

delusion of persecution

Answer 8

some out to get you

Question 9

delusion of grandeur

Answer 9

somebody super important

Question 10

delusion of reference

Answer 10

everything in the environment pertains to me; someone is trying to send me a message

Question 11

delusion of control & influence

Answer 11

someone is controlling me

Question 12

somatic delusion

Answer 12

related to body; you say you are pregnant, but you really aren’t

Question 13

nihilistic delusion

Answer 13

self or a body part is non existent

Question 14

idea of reference

Answer 14

if 2 people are talking or laughing, they are talking about me

Question 15

form of thought (+ symptoms)

Answer 15

• associative looseness
• neologisms
• concrete thinking
• clang associations
• word salad
• circumstantiality
• tangentiality
• mutism
• perservation

Question 16

associative looseness

Answer 16

• speech shifts from one thought to an unrelated thought

- sort of connected but doesn’t really make sense

Question 17

neologisms

Answer 17

make up own word

Question 18

concrete thinking

Answer 18

thinking literally

Question 19

clang associations

Answer 19

using words that rhyme

Question 20

word salad

Answer 20

words with no connection put together in a sentence

Question 21

circumstantiality

Answer 21

give so many details that you never get to the point

Question 22

tangentiality

Answer 22

jumping from one subject to another

Question 23

perservation

Answer 23

person gives the same answer/idea to every question

Question 24

perception (+ symptoms)

Answer 24

• hallucinations (nothing there)

- illusion (something there, interpreting differently)

Question 25

sense of self (+ symptoms)

Answer 25

- uniqueness and individuality a person feels - echolalia (words) - echopraxia (actions) - identification - imitation - depersonalization

Question 26

identification

Answer 26

unconscious, imitating actions

Question 27

imitation

Answer 27

conscious, imitating actions

Question 28

depersonalization

Answer 28

outside looking in; an observer watching self

Question 29

affect (- symptoms)

Answer 29

- inappropriate (incongruent with circumstances) - bland/blunted (weak) - apathy (don't care what's happening around) - flat

Question 30

volition (- symptoms)

Answer 30

- inability to initiate a goal directed activity | - emotional ambivalence (conflict between need & fear)

Question 31

interpersonal function (- symptoms)

Answer 31

- autism | - no care for appearance

Question 32

psychomotor (- symptoms)

Answer 32

- anergia - waxy flexibility - posturing - pacing & rocking (lack of purpose)

Question 33

anergia

Answer 33

no energy to do anything

Question 34

waxy flexibility

Answer 34

put into a position, stay in that position | -able to move if moved by another person

Question 35

posturing

Answer 35

voluntary positioning | -resistance if moved by another person

Question 36

associated features

Answer 36

- anhedonia | - regression

Question 37

anhedonia

Answer 37

no pleasure in anything | -high correlation with suicide

Question 38

regression

Answer 38

-returning to a previous level of development and using coping mechanisms of that level of development

Question 39

phase 1 of psychosis

Answer 39

- premorbid - functional - shyness, difficulty making friends - do poor in school

Question 40

phase 2 of psychosis

Answer 40

- prodomal - symptoms begin to manifest - decline in function, can't work or go to school - nonspecific symptoms (anxiety, sleep disturbance, fatigue)

Question 41

phase 3 of psychosis

Answer 41

- schizophrenia/psychosis - active + and - symptoms - full blown

Question 42

phase 4 of psychosis

Answer 42

- residual - pt gets a little bit better, less + symptoms - negative symptoms still there - impairment in role functioning

Question 43

disorganized schizophrenia

Answer 43

- most debilitating - early onset (25 yrs old or before) - most severe form

Question 44

catatonic schizophrenia

Answer 44

- stupor: extreme psychomotor retardation | - excitement: extreme psychomotor agitation; can be life threatening

Question 45

paranoid schizophrenia

Answer 45

- delusions of persecution/grandeur | - a. halluc

Question 46

undifferentiated schizophrenia

Answer 46

- NOS | - looks like schizo, but have different types of schizo in one

Question 47

residual schizophrenia

Answer 47

- pt has the chronic form of dx and is in the stage that follows an acute episode - no strong symptoms

Question 48

schizoaffective disorder

Answer 48

psychosis + mood disorder

Question 49

brief psychotic disorder

Answer 49

- sudden onset - short term (<1 mo) - precipitating event - full recovery

Question 50

schizophreniform disorder

Answer 50

-pt has all the features of schizo, but it hasn't been 6 mo yet

Question 51

delusional disorder

Answer 51

-presence of one or more non bizarre delusions

Question 52

shared psychotic disorder

Answer 52

- two people share psychosis - stronger personality convinces the weaker personality - usually a dependent & close relationship

Question 53

psychotic disorder d/t medical condition

Answer 53

- head injury - brain tumor - this dx is not made during dementia

Question 54

substance induced psychotic disorder

Answer 54

from crystal meth

Question 55

dual dx psychotic disorder

Answer 55

substance abuse + psychosis

Question 56

phases of tx

Answer 56

1. active phase - develop a trusting relationship - safety - alleviate symptoms 2. maintenance phase - help improve daily function - 3. rehab phase - restore back to highest capacity