Public Health

Question 1

Individuals Medieval

Answer 1

Mayor of Coventry 1421, 12 penny fine, waste collection and disposal, toilets and waste banned from rivers

Question 2

Individuals Early Modern

Answer 2

Small pox out break in 1796 killed 35,000, Edward Jenner, £10,000 in 1802, £20,000 in 1807, 1853 compulsory vaccinations

Question 3

Individuals 19th Century

Answer 3

Joseph Bazalgette, built sewers to remove waste from 1 million homes, built 83 miles of sewers which removed 420 million gallons of sewage a day. after they were finished in 1866, cholera never returned to London

Question 4

Individuals 20th Century

Answer 4

William Beveridge, 1942 Beveridge Report, 5 giants of squalor, report sold 100,000 copies and led to the Welfare State

Question 5

Government Medieval

Answer 5

King Edward III, ordered the streets to be cleaned up or else you were fined

Question 6

Government Early Modern

Answer 6

The Great Plague, public entertainment banned, cats and dogs killed, 1665 Mayor of London locked the gates, locked up patients for 40 days

Question 7

Government 19th Century

Answer 7

“Clean Party”, Public Health Act 1848 - water supplies and sewage, Sanitary Act 1866 - local government responsible for sewers, Public Health Act 1875 - street lights and rubbish collection

Question 8

Government 20th Century

Answer 8

Liberal Reforms, Free School Meals 1906, National Insurance Act - 10 million men and 4 million women covered

Question 9

Science Middle Ages

Answer 9

Islamic Medicine, by 1000, Baghdad had 5 public hospitals, everything was kept as clean as possible

Question 10

Science 19th Century

Answer 10

John Snow, 1849 published book on cholera, 1854 700 people died of cholera, took away pump handle from mapped sight. Influenced Public Health Act 1875

Question 11

Science 20th Century

Answer 11

technology, CAT scan 1973, MRI 1987, since 1948, life expectancy increased 17 years for women and 15 years for men

Question 12

War

Answer 12

Medieval - crusades
Early Modern - 1753, James Lind, scurvy and lime juice
20th Century - Boer war 1902, highlighted public health issues, 40% of men were unfit to serve

Question 13

Religion

Answer 13

Medieval - built hospitals St Bartholomew’s, St Mary of Bethlehem
Early Modern - Thomas Syndenham “cool therapy”
20th century - alternative medicines

Question 14

communication

Answer 14

Early Modern - George Cheyne “An Essay on health and long life” obesity was hereditary and caused by poor lifestyle
19th Century - Edwin Chadwick wrote “Report on the sanitary conditions of the labouring population”
20th century - Florey and Chain, William Beveridge