Pulmonary Fungal Infection 2

Question 1

what are the major human opportunistic mycoses?

Answer 1

1. candidiasis
2. cryptococcosis
3. aspergilliosis
4. mucormycosis
5. fusariosis

Question 2

what is the most important predisposition for the opportunistic mycoses?

Answer 2

prolonged neutropenia due to

1) infections
2) aplastic anemia
3) arsenic poisoning
4) cancer
5) chemo/radiation therapy
6) medications
7) hereditary disorders
8) vitamin def
9) autoimmunity
10) hemodialysis
11) splenic sequestration

Question 3

what are the 2 cryptococcosis?

Answer 3

1. Cryptococcus neoformans

2. Cryptococcus gatti

Question 4

what are the characteristics of Cryptococcus neoformans?

Answer 4

1. environmental

2. found worldwide in soil contaminated with bird droppings (especially pigeon)

Question 5

Cryptocococcosis have

Answer 5

oval yeast with narrow-based buds and wide polysaccharide capsule

Question 6

Is cryptococcosis thermally dimorphic?

Answer 6

no, does not have a moldlike sexually reproducing form in environment called filobasidiella neoformans

Question 7

how is cryptococcus transmitted?

Answer 7

by inhalation via pigeon droppings may be contagious for years

Question 8

lung infection may be

Answer 8

asymptomatic or lead to pneumonia

Question 9

what is unique about meningitis caused by cryptococcus?

Answer 9

1. fever and stiff neck are less common which arise from inflammation
2. associated with sensory issues with eyes or ears

Question 10

what are focal neurologic defects called due to cryptococcus?

Answer 10

cryptococcomas

Question 11

what does blunted inflammatory response do?

Answer 11

1. complicates diagnosis

2. means that presentation is late in dz