Pulmonary IV: Pathophysiology and Pharmacology of Lung Disease

Question 1

Asthma Class: 2-7 episodes per week, >2 night symtpoms per month

Answer 1

Mild Persistent

Question 2

Asthma Class: Continuous symptoms, frequent night symptoms

Answer 2

Severe Persistent

Question 3

Asthma Class: Daily symptoms, >1 night symptoms per week

Answer 3

Moderate Persistent

Question 4

Infectious agent in tuberculosis

Answer 4

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Question 5

Latent or Active TB? Infectious before treatment

Answer 5

Active

Question 6

Latent or Active TB? MTB present in large numbers

Answer 6

Active

Question 7

Latent or Active TB? MTB present in small numbers

Answer 7

Latent

Question 8

Latent or Active TB? Sputum and culture positive

Answer 8

Active

Question 9

Latent or Active TB? TST negative

Answer 9

Active

Question 10

Latent or Active TB? TST positive

Answer 10

Latent

Question 11

Most common organism in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)

Answer 11

Strep pneumoniae

Question 12

Most common organism in HAP/VAP/HCAP

Answer 12

Polymicrobial (drug-resistant)

Question 13

Name the drugs: 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors

Answer 13

Zileuton

Question 14

Name the drugs: LABA

Answer 14

Salmeterol, Terbutaline, Formoterol

Question 15

Name the drugs: Leukotriene D4 antagonists

Answer 15

Montelukast, zafirlukast

Question 16

Name the drugs: SABA

Answer 16

Albuterol

Question 17

Name the drugs: systemic corticosteroids

Answer 17

prednisone, methylprednisone, prednisolone, hydrocortisone

Question 18

Treatment of HAP/VAP/HCAP

Answer 18

Antipseudomonal agent, Fluoroquinolone/Aminoglycoside, anti-pseudomonal

Question 19

What drug? Inhibit phospholipase and cytokine synthesis

Answer 19

Corticosteroids

Question 20

What drug? Preferred agent for acute treatment of asthma exacerbation

Answer 20

SABA

Question 21

What drug? Preventive therapy for exercise-induced asthma, blocks mast cell mediator release

Answer 21

Cromolyn, Nedocromil

Question 22

What drug? Used in acute COPD exacerbations

Answer 22

Ipratropium (anti-cholinergic)

Question 23

What drug? Used in severe acute exacerbations of asthma

Answer 23

Systemic corticosteroids

Question 24

Which drug? Binds to IgE to inhibit eosinophil-IgE binding and consequent allergic response

Answer 24

Omalizumab

Question 25

Which drug? Inhibits phosphodiesterase to induce bronchodilation

Answer 25

Theophylline

Question 26

Which drug? Long-acting anti-cholinergic for COPD

Answer 26

Tiotropium

Question 27

Which drug? Preferred supplement for long-term control of asthma and COPD in addition to first line treatment

Answer 27

LABA

Question 28

Which drug? Preferrred long-term control medication for asthma or COPD

Answer 28

ICS

Question 29

Which part of the airway is affected by asthma?

Answer 29

Bronchioles

Question 30

Which part of the airway is affected by bronchiectasis?

Answer 30

Bronchioles

Question 31

Which part of the airway is affected by Bronchiolitis?

Answer 31

Respiratory bronchioles

Question 32

Which part of the airway is affected by emphysema?

Answer 32

Alveolar sacs

Question 33

Which pathology? Can have acute or chronic onset; associated with >20% ______ in Bronchoscopic Lavage

Answer 33

Eosinophils; Eosinophilic Pneumonia

Question 34

Which pathology? Cystic lung disease exclusively of young women, resulting from mutation in tuberous sclerosis genes

Answer 34

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

Question 35

Which pathology? ILD characterized by cysts and nodules predominantly in younger smokers with upper lobe affected preferentially

Answer 35

Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Question 36

Which pathology? ILD with temporally homogenous fibrosis; associated with younger women; responds to anti-inflammatory therapy

Answer 36

Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia

Question 37

Which pathology? Patients may develop dysphagia due to uncoordinated pharyngeal muscle movement, resulting in aspiration of food and fluids

Answer 37

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Question 38

Which pathology? Plugs of fibrosis and granulation tissue distal to bronchioles, resulting from non-infectious causes

Answer 38

Organizing Pneumonia

Question 39

Which pathology? Scarring lung disease with UIP pattern; associated with older patients, smokers; honeycombing on imaging

Answer 39

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Question 40

Which pathology? Systemic granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology; presents before age 40; Northern European predisposition

Answer 40

Sarcoidosis

Question 41

Which pathology? Types of Smoking-Related ILD

Answer 41

Respiratory Bronchiolitis-ILD, Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia, Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis