Pulmonary Ventilation Flashcards
Pulmonary ventilation definition
Physical movement of air into and out of the lungs
Conducting zone branches
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Terminal bronchioles
Respiratory zone branches
- Respiratory bronchioles
- Alveolar ducts
- Alveolar sacs
Respiratory zone branches
- Respiratory bronchioles
- Alveolar ducts
- Alveolar sacs
Minute respiratory volume definition
- Total amount of new air moved into the respiratory passages each minute
- Equal to TV x respiratory rate per min
Alveolar ventilation definition
Defined as volume of fresh air entering the alveoli per minute
Anatomic dead space definition
- Air not taking part in any gaseous exchange
* 150ml
Physiologic dead space definition
Anatomic dead space + alveolar dead space
Respiratory mucosa definition
Thin tissue barrier through which gases are exchanged between alveolar air and blood in pulmonary capillaries
Reasons for gas exchange efficiency
- Differences in partial pressure
- Small diffusion distance
- Large surface area of alveoli
- Lipid soluble gases
- Coordination of blood flow and airflow
Dalton’s law
Individual gas pressure proportional to gas abundance
Henry’s law
Amount of dissolved gas is proportional to partial pressure in gas phase
Henry’s law formula
Partial pressure = conc of dissolved gas/solubility coefficient
Partial pressure of gases in alveoli
Oxygen: 104 mmHg
Carbon dioxide: 40 mmHg
Partial pressure of gases in blood
Oxygen: 40 mmHg
Carbon dioxide: 45 mmHg
