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puzzle cardiovascular system (definitions) Flashcards

1
Q

circular rings of smooth muscle that regulate blood flow into that capillary

A

precapillary sphincters

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2
Q

lower number recorded when measuring arterial blood pressure

A

diastolic pressure

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3
Q

blood vessel that conducts blood toward the heart

A

vein

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4
Q

blood flow to and from virtually all of the tissues of the body

A

systemic circuit

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5
Q

junction between adjacent cardiac cells: with desmosomes and gap junctions

A

intercalated disc

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6
Q

one-way valves located between the atria and the ventricle; bicuspid and tricuspid valves

A

atrioventricular valves

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7
Q

valve located between the left atrium and ventricle; consists of 2 flaps of tissue

A

bicuspid valve

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8
Q

blood cell that is composed mostly of hemoglobin and functions in the transportation of oxygen

A

erythrocyte

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9
Q

valve located between the left atrium and ventricle: also bicuspid valve (3 words)

A

left atrioventricular valve

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10
Q

string-like extensions of connective tissue that extend from the atrioventricular valves to the cardiac muscle

A

chordae tendineae

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11
Q

accumulation and adhesion of platelets at the site of blood vessel injury

A

platelet plug

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12
Q

vessels that supply the heart with oxygenated blood

A

coronary arteries

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13
Q

most abundant plasma protein, accounting for the osmotic pressure of the plasma

A

albumin

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14
Q

thrombus that has broken free form the blood vessel wall and entered the circulation

A

embolus

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15
Q

upper or receiving chamber of the heart that pumps blood into the lower chambers

A

atrium

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16
Q

large vein that returns blood to the heart from the inferior portion of the body

A

inferior vena cava

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17
Q

force exerted by the blood against the wall of a vessel

A

blood pressure

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18
Q

erythrocytes

A

RBC

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19
Q

valve located at the base of the aorta

A

Aortic semilunar valve

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20
Q

period of time between the onset of atrial systole and ventricular diastole

A

cardiac cycle

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21
Q

small vessel leading from the capillaries to veins

A

venule

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22
Q

period of time when the heart muscle is contracting

A

systole

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23
Q

larger number recorded when measuring arterial blood pressure

A

systolic pressure

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24
Q

soluble plasma protein involved in blood clotting; converted into fibrin

A

fibrinogen

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25
amount of blood pumped by each ventricle during one minute
cardiac output
26
component of the ECG that represents the repolarization of the ventricle
T wave
27
bone marrow cell that produces platelets
megakaryocyte
28
term used for the right atrioventricular valve
tricuspid valve
29
one of the primary pumping chambers of the heart located in the lower portion of the heart
ventricle
30
colorless, nucleated blood cell, the chief function of which is to protect the body from disease
leukocyte
31
veins that carry highly oxygenated blood into the left atrium
pulmonary veins
32
smallest of blood vessels where physical exchange occurs between the blood and tissue cells
capillary
33
platelets
thrombocytes
34
aggregation of fibrin, platelets, and erythrocytes in people suffering from atherosclerosis
thrombus
35
physiological process by which bleeding ceases
hemostasis
36
valve located between the right atrium and ventricle; also called tricuspid valve
right atrioventricular valve
37
chronic and persistent blood pressure measurements of 140/90 mmHg or above
hypertension
38
large vein that returns blood to the heart from the superior portion of the body
superior vena cava
39
component of the ECG that 1) represents the depolarization of the ventricles 2) masks repolarization of atria
QRS complex
40
in blood, the liquid extracellular matrix composed mostly of water
plasma
41
valve at the base of the pulmonary artery
pulmonary semilunar valve
42
transmits the impulse from the AV node to the apex of the heart
atrioventricular bundle
43
cell fragments broken off from megakaryocytes; also thrombocyte
platelets
44
largest artery in the body, originating from the left ventricle and descending to the abdominal region
aorta
45
receives the impulse from the SA node, pauses and then transmits it to the ventricles
atrioventricular node
46
insoluble, filamentous protein that forms the structure of a blood clot
fibrin
47
red, iron-containing pigment towhich oxygen bindsin RBCs
hemoglobin
48
period of time when the heart muscle is relaxed and the chambers fill with blood
diastole
49
recording of the electrical signals of the heart
electrocardiogram (ECG)
50
fibers that ______ and spread the impulse to the walls of both ventricles before they contract
purkinje fibers
51
unusual heart sound detected by auscultation; usually related to valve defects
murmur
52
blood pressure cuff attached to a device that measures blood pressure
sphygmomanometer
53
carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to each of the lungs
pulmonary artery*
54
blood flow to and from the lungs
pulmonary circuit
55
known as the pacemaker, a specialized clump cells located in the superior portion of the right atrium
sinoatrial node
56
vessels that drain the heart of its wastes
coronary veins
57
difference between systolic and diastolic pressures (2 words)
pulse pressure
58
number of times the heart contracts (beats) per minute
heart rate
59
constriction of the smooth muscle of a blood vessel, resulting in a decreased diameter
vasoconstriction
60
noises created by turbulent flow through the vessels
korotkoff sounds
61
leukocytes (3 words)
white blood cells
62
formation of a blood clot; part of the process of hemostasis
coagulation
63
liquid connective tissue made of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets plus a fluid extracellular matrix
blood
64
enzyme essential for the final steps in formation of a fibrin clot
thrombin
65
valve located between the left atrium and ventricle; also called bicuspid valve
mitral valve
66
relaxation of the smooth muscle in the wall of a blood vessel; resulting in an increased vascular diameter
vasodilation
67
network of 10-100 capillaries connecting arterioles to venules
capillary bed
68
very small artery that leads to a capillary
arteriole
69
sounds of the closing of the atrioventricular valves (''Lub'') and semilunar valves (''dub'')
heart sounds
70
excessive bleeding
hemorrhage
71
blood vessel that conducts blood away from the heart
artery
72
a specialized structure located within the heart or vessels that ensure one-way flow of blood
valve

HUMAN BIO (26 decks)

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