PX Educational Policies

Question 1

What did the Education Reform Act introduce?

Answer 1

1988

Formula funding

SATs at 7, 11, 14

League tables

National Curriculum

Question 2

What issues did Ball et al (1998) conclude about marketisation?

Answer 2

Only benefits the middle classes

SEND students neglected in favour of higher achievers

Question 3

What criticisms are there of the ERA?

Answer 3

Selection by mortgage

Competition raises inequality between schools - cream skimming and silt shifting

National curriculum is ethnocentric

Parentocracy only benefits MC

Question 4

What did the Tripartite System act provide?

Answer 4

1944

Selective education - different schools for different types of students

Equality of opportunity - ability not money determines schooling

11+ exam

Question 5

How can the Tripartite System be criticised?

Answer 5

Grammar schools largely middle class

SFP for those who weren’t in grammar school/top sets

Lacey - differentiation -> polarisation

Ball - Beachside Comprehensive

Question 6

When were comprehensive schools introduced?

Answer 6

1965

Question 7

How can comprehensive schools be criticised?

Answer 7

Setting and streaming along class divisions

Some poor standards

Selection by mortgage (catchment areas)

Question 8

What were the 1997 New Labour policies concerning education?

Answer 8

Fund education more

Reduce class sizes

Education Action Zones

Literacy and numeracy hours

Academies

SureStart

EMA

HE tuition fees

Question 9

How can the New Labour policies be evaluated?

Answer 9

Academies did improve standards in poor areas

Better equality of opportunity than New Right

Tuition fees drove away WC (Conor et al)

Question 10

What were the 2010 Coalition Government’s education policies?

Answer 10

Scrap EMA

Free Schools

Pupil Premium

Question 11

How can the 2010 government’s policies be evaluated?

Answer 11

Removal of EMA drove away WC students (Sugarman)

Schools may abuse pupil premium spending

Free Schools take money from existing schools and largely appeal to MC -> social segregation

Question 12

What policies have the conservatives introduced since 2010?

Answer 12

Progress 8

Question 13

What does Gerwitz say about educational policies ?

Answer 13

There are privileged, semi skilled, and disconnected choosers

Question 14

Finn

Answer 14

Vocational education keeps labour cheap

Distracts from higher positions and rates of pay

Question 15

How do Gillborn and Young criticise marketisation?

Answer 15

Schools encouraged to perform educational triage

Question 16

Tomlinson

Answer 16

Marketisation reduces education to an economic function about competition rather than teaching and learning

Question 17

Trowler

Answer 17

Social policy alone can not compensate for society’s inequalities felt by students

Question 18

Wintour

Answer 18

Replacing EMA with bursary has led to reduction in lower income students continuing with FE

Question 19

Paton

Answer 19

Pupil premium money is misused by headteachers to make up for other cuts under conservative government

Question 20

Williams

Answer 20

International education comparisons are not valuable since countries need a system that works for them

Question 21

Alan

Answer 21

Progress 8 disadvantages some schools, especially with large low income population

Question 22

Wilshaw - former OFSTED head

Answer 22

Return of grammar schools is “tosh and nonsense”, widens social inequalities

Question 23

Sutton Trust

Answer 23

Grammar schools: 2.7% pupils on FSM

UK Avg: 18%