Pylos and Sphacteria Flashcards
(25 cards)
What year did the sixth and final invasion of Attica occur?
425
Who was the Athenian general that fortified a position on the promontory of Pylos?
Demosthenes
What was Demosthenes hoping to incite among the helots living in Pylos?
Fresh revolts
What was the immediate result of Demosthenes’ actions at Pylos?
Spartans withdrew their annual invasion of Attica after 15 days
What strategy did Demosthenes favor in the war?
Taking the war to the enemy
What did the Spartans do immediately after the Athenians fortified Pylos?
Counter-attacked by land and sea
What was the strategic goal of the Spartans occupying Sphacteria?
To control the harbour
What secured the harbour for the Athenians at Pylos?
The arrival of their fleet
What did Cleon incite the assembly in Athens to ask for?
Better peace terms
What did Cleon call for regarding the places given up in the 30-year peace?
A return of those places
Who fell out later that year due to the inability to continue the blockade?
Cleon and Nicias
What bold claim did Cleon make regarding the island?
He could take it in 20 days
What did Cleon and Demosthenes offer to the Spartans if they surrendered?
To cease the attack
What was the outcome of the Athenians’ success at Pylos?
Spartan reputation for never surrendering collapsed
How were Spartan prisoners treated after their surrender at Pylos?
Brought to Athens and threatened to be killed if there was another invasion
What effect did Cleon’s success have on his power in Athens?
Increased
What perspective did Thucydides believe in?
Greek rationalism
What is Thucydides’ connection to the war?
He fought in it
What is Herodotus known for in his historical accounts?
Asking multiple people about the same event
What nickname is associated with Herodotus?
Father of Lies
What type of source is Aristophanes considered?
Contemporary source
What genre of literature did Aristophanes produce?
Comedy
What is the significance of the Naqs e Rustam?
Only Persian point of view
What is a limitation of Diodorus as a historical source?
Born much later and used second-hand sources
