Quebec nationalism Flashcards
(32 cards)
What did Maurice Duplessis believe about Quebec?
He believed Quebec was a distinct society rather than just another province.
He introduced a new Quebec flag containing the French symbol fleur-de-lis.
What was the election slogan of Jean Lesage’s government?
‘Maitres chez nous’ reflected growing Quebec pride and anger at treatment by Ottawa.
What were some reforms during the Quiet Revolution?
Reforms included getting rid of government corruption, increasing wages and pensions, allowing more freedom for trade unions, and investing in education.
Students were required to take more science and technology.
What was the influence of the Roman Catholic Church during the Quiet Revolution?
The influence of the Roman Catholic Church declined, and Quebec became more secular.
What issues did French-Canadians face in Canada?
French-Canadians did not have their own schools and hospitals in other parts of Canada, and Quebec’s Francophone majority was expected to speak English in daily life.
What did the FLQ advocate for?
The FLQ (Front de libération du Québec) used terrorist methods to promote Quebec nationalism and separation.
What was Trudeau’s response to Quebec nationalism?
Trudeau introduced the Official Languages Act in 1969, making Canada officially bilingual.
What happened during the October Crisis?
FLQ members kidnapped British diplomat James Cross and Quebec Labour minister Pierre Laporte, leading to a violent response from the government.
What was the War Measures Act?
Under the War Measures Act, civil rights were suspended, and federal troops patrolled the streets, arresting pro-separatist Quebeckers without charge.
What happened to Pierre Laporte?
His body was found in the trunk of a car about a week after his kidnapping.
What was the outcome for James Cross?
He was found two months later, and in exchange for his release, the FLQ kidnappers were allowed safe passage to Cuba.
What was the Parti Quebecois?
Elected in 1926, it was a separatist party led by Rene Levesque, who promised a province-wide referendum on separation from Canada.
What was the #1 priority for the PQ after taking office?
To improve the status of the French language.
What is Bill 101?
It is called the ‘Charter of the French Language’ and made French the only official language of the province.
What were the requirements for government employees under Bill 101?
They had to only speak French.
What restrictions did Bill 101 place on businesses?
Businesses could only have French showing on their signs.
What was required of immigrant students under Bill 101?
They had to attend French schools.
What was the purpose of the 1980 Referendum?
Rene Levesque and the PQ asked Quebeckers to vote ‘yes’ for sovereignty association.
Who campaigned against the 1980 Referendum?
Pierre Trudeau, promising to negotiate a new constitution if Quebeckers voted against separating.
What was the outcome of the 1980 Referendum?
Trudeau’s promise persuaded many Quebeckers to vote against it.
What significant action did Trudeau take in 1982?
He was able to patriate the Constitution.
What did patriating the Constitution mean?
The Canadian government gained sole authority to make changes to it.
What was the concern of Quebec regarding the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
They feared it could be used to override their provincial laws protecting French language and culture.
What was the Meech Lake Accord?
A 1987 proposal to recognize Quebec as a ‘distinct society’ and give provinces more power over changing the constitution.
