questions Flashcards
(16 cards)
cardiac tamponade on ECG
electrical alternans
long term management of patient with AF + acute stroke
aspirin daily and anticoagulation after 2 weeks
hypothermia on ECG
acute ST-elevation and J waves or Osborn waves
Beck’s triad
Cardiac tamponade
falling BP, rising JVP and muffled heart sound
management of cardiac tamponade
urgent pericardiocentesis
wellen’s syndrome
ECG pattern typically caused by high grade stenosis in left anterior descending coronary artery
patient’s pain may have resolved at time of presentation
ECG features: biphasic or deep T wave inversion in V2-3, minimal ST elevation, no Q waves
causes of a loud S2
hypertension, systemic or pulmonary
hyperdynamic states
atrial septal defect
cause of soft S2
aortic stenosis
Buerger’s disease
thromboangiitis obliterans
small and medium vessel vasculitis
- strongling associated with smoking
features of buerger’s disease
extremity ischaemia
superficial thrombophlebitis
raynauds
management of patients on warfarin with a major bleed
stop warfarin
give IV vit K 5mg
prothrombin complex concentrate (if no available five FFP)
management of patients on warfarin with an INR > 8 and minor bleeding
stop warfarin
give IV vitamin K 1-3mg
repeat dose if INR still high after 24 hours
restart warfarin when INR < 5
management of long QT
avoid drugs which prolong further
beta blockers (NOT sotalol)
implantable cardioverter defib in high risk
causes of postural hypotension
hypovolaemia
autonomic dysfunction: diabetes, parkinson’s
drugs: diuretics, antihypertensives, L-dopa, phenothiazines, antidepressants, sedative
alcohol
what is cor pulmonale
condition characterised by right sided heart failure secondary to chronic lung disease (COPD)
how would cor pulmonale present
fatigue
SOB
raised JVP
ankle oedema
hepatomegaly
