Questions 31-40 Flashcards
(11 cards)
Permethin (Acticin) for parasites
Used for scabies and lice
1% for lice
5% for mites
Keep on scalp for 10mins
Itching can last 2-3 weeks
Don’t use if under 2
Don’t use on irritated skin
AE:
-Can cause skin irritation
Omeprazole (Prilosec) for PUD and GERD
Antiulcer drug
Short term 4-8wk therapy.
Used at higher doses for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (hypersecretion of gastric acid)
Admin before breakfast on empty stomach
Can give with antacids
AE:
- Blood disorders
- Hypomagnesia
- Atrophic gastritis
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Used for PUD and GERD
IV and IM available for acute stress ulcers
Dissolving tablet form for 1month and up
Admin after meals
Monitor liver and kidney function
AE:
- Severe RBC, WBC, platelet reduction
- Loss of libido in men
Tretinoin for acne
Acne symptoms take 5-8wks to improve
May take 5-6months for max benefit
Avoid otc acne meds, sunlight, UV
Don’t admin if allergic to FISH
Black box: 25% develop retinoic acid syndrome (fever, weakness, fatigue, respiratory insufficiency, pneumonia). 40% develop leukocytosis (life threatening). DON’T GET PREGNANT
Oxytocin (Pitocin) to induce labor
Doses increased IV every 15-60min
Can be used postpartum to reduce hemorrhage of placenta
Dilute 10units in 1000mL IV fluid prior to admin
Can do 40 units for postpartum
Allergic reactions higher when IM or IV injection (not infusion)
AE:
- Fetal tachycardia
- Uterine rupture
Don’t use for elective induction of pregnancy
Aluminum hydroxide (AlternaGel) for heartburn
Raise pH of stomach contents
Used in combo with antiulcer drugs
Admin at least 2 hours before or after other drugs
Can cause constipation/hypophosphatemia
Finasteride for prostate
For BPH
inhibits testosterone metabolism (which causes prostate cell proliferation)
Can crush tablets PO
Avoid handling if pregnant
Don’t donate blood
AE:
- Sexual dysfunction
- Prostate cancer (increase in PSA values)
- HA, rash, dizziness
Sildenafil (Viagra)
Relaxes smooth muscles in cock= more blood in pp
Rapid onset, lasts up to 4hr
Can be used to treat pulmonary arterial HTN/Raynauds
Avoid admin with meals, esp with fats
Avoid grapefruit juice
AE:
- Serious cardiac events
- Priapism (longer than 6hrs)
Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-provera)
Synthetic progestin
Long duration of action
Targets endometrium of uterus
Can be given PO or IM
IM dosages:
Lower dose: BC
Higher dose: pallative care for uterine or renal carcinoma
Give PO with meals
Observe IM for abscess, lump/discoloration
AE:
- Breast tenderness
- Weight gain
- Depression
- HTN
- INC RISK FOR THROMBOEMBOLIC EVENTS
Black box: progestins paired w/ estrogens inc. risk of DVT, MI, breast cancer, reduced bone density. 65+ look for dementia.
Cefazolin (Ancef) for bacterial infections
Cell wall inhibitor
Not effective against MRSA
Infection prophylaxis during surgery
Admin IM deep into large muscle to prevent injury
AE:
- Rash, diarrhea
- Superinfections
- Allergic reaction
- Seizures
Caution with CKD
Isoniazid for TB
Mycolic acid inhibitor
First line drug for TB
10% will develop resistance
Give on empty stomach 1 hr after or 2hr before meals
Deep IM and rotate
AE:
- Numbness of hands/feet
- Rash/fever
- Neurotoxicity (paresthesia of feet and hands, convulsions, memory loss)
Black box**:Hepatotoxicity- monitor for jaundice/fatigue. Monthly liver enzyme checks. Most risk in first 1-3 months
