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Quick Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Considered a nuisance pest because of their often high numbers and because crushing them may leave stains

A

Clover mites

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2
Q

Can be identified by their long front legs, which are longer than their bodies

A

Clover mites

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3
Q

Microscopic fecal particles and shed exoskeleton fragments become mixed with floating house dust

A

House dust mite

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4
Q

Cannot thrive when relative humidity is less than 50%

A

House dust mite

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5
Q

Mites that are occasional biting pests of humans

A

Bird and rodent mites

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6
Q

Nest area should be treated immediately to reduce risk of live mites dispersing from site and moving into other areas of the home

A

Bird and rodent mites - any bird or rodent nests

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7
Q

Small, but visible mites that can be seen while biting a human and removed from the skin with a piece of tape

A

Bird and rodent mites

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8
Q

Can bite people but do not burrow into the skin as many people believe

A

Chigger mite larvae

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9
Q

Pierce the skin and inject a digestive enzyme that disintegrates the skin cells, the skin then swells around the mite, making it difficult to see or remove

A

Chigger mite larvae

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10
Q

Itching may not occur for several hours after exposure so people may believe they’re being bitten in their home

A

Chigger mite larvae

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11
Q

Aka human itch mite

A

Scabies mites

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12
Q

Microscopic mites that cannot be seen with the naked eye

A

Scabies mites

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13
Q

Females burrow through, and feed on human skin

A

Scabies mites

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14
Q

Transmitted mostly by physical contact or bed linens recently used by an infected person

A

Scabies mites

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15
Q

Pesticides should not be applied to homes for these mites

A

Scabies mites

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16
Q

A thorough soapy shower in cool to lukewarm water. Lather and rinse several times. This is an effective treatment for what?

A

Chigger mite bites

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17
Q

Only scorpion in the U.S. that is a serious concern for human heath

A

Arizona bark scorpion

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18
Q

Anti venom for Arizona bark scorpion available if

A

Within two hours of the sting

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19
Q

Sting site will not be swollen or discolored as it would with a less dangerous species

A

Arizona bark scorpion

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20
Q

Use ice pack to reduce the pain. Do not submerge in ice water.

A

Arizona bark scorpion

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21
Q

Morphine should be avoided for Arizona bark scorpion stings because

A

It has a synergistic effect with the venom

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22
Q

Both nymphs and adults feed on blood (preferably humans)

A

Bed bugs

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23
Q

Five instars and require a blood meal for each molt

A

Bed bugs

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24
Q

Adult female requires a blood meal before laying eggs

A

Bed bug

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25
Q

Bites can be highly irritating or no reaction at all

A

Bed bugs

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26
Q

Hairs are equal to or longer than widths of their eyes

A

Bat bug

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27
Q

Female more round than male

A

Bed bug

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28
Q

Social wasps are known as

A

Vespids

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29
Q

Establish colonies in the spring and abandon them when winter approaches

A

Yellowjacket wasps

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30
Q

Populations peak in the summer and fall

A

Yellowjacket wasps

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31
Q

Generally build their nests below ground, although above ground nests do occur

A

Yellowjacket wasps

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32
Q

Opportunistic feeders and will eat whatever is available — often found near trash cans

A

Yellowjacket wasps

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33
Q

Relatively large colonies, range in size from a few thousand to tens of thousands

A

Yellowjacket wasps

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34
Q

Can sting multiple times

A

Yellowjacket wasps

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35
Q

Nests built above ground can superficially resemble hornet nests

A

Yellowjacket nests

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36
Q

Nests are more irregular in shape than hornet nests

A

Yellowjacket wasps

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37
Q

Nests are usually associated with holes in the ground or voids in walls, soffits, eaves, or concrete blocks

A

Yellowjacket nests

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38
Q

For ground nests, dust an area for 6” around the entrance hole and/or puff dust into entrance hole

A

Yellowjacket wasps

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39
Q

If it is an aerial nest, then an appropriately labeled aerosol works well

A

Yellowjacket wasps

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40
Q

Use dust application if application must be made during day while foragers are out so they come in contact when returning to nest

A

Yellowjacket wasps

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41
Q

Found above ground in eaves or other protected places

A

Paper wasps

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42
Q

Brood cells are exposed, but chambers are protected by umbrella shaped nest

A

Paper wasps

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43
Q

Colonies are relatively small, usually containing fewer than 200 workers — can grow quite large

A

Paper wasps

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44
Q

Nests are not typically reused the following season

A

Paper wasps

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45
Q

Do not sting, but their bites can be quite painful, especially when they inject formic acid in wound

A

Carpenter ants

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46
Q

Nest in wood or above-ground cavities

A

Carpenter ants

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47
Q

Prefer to attack wood softened by fungus and often associated with moisture problems

A

Carpenter ants

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48
Q

Active galleries are kept clean of debris

A

Carpenter ants

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49
Q

Perimeter treatment of a nonrepellent. Trim any tree branches from structure. Caulk any gaps where electrical and water lines enter

A

Carpenter ants

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50
Q

May invade human tissue, causing myiasis

A

Lesser house fly

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51
Q

Known to harbor at least 100 different pathogens

A

House flies

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52
Q

Rarely breed indoors

A

House flies

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53
Q

Most stay within 1-2 miles of their larval habitat if food is available

A

House flies

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54
Q

During the day, fly or rest less than 5 feet from ground. At night, rest primarily 5 feet above ground

A

House flies

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55
Q

Females commonly lay eggs in over-watered soil of potted plants

A

Fungus gnats

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56
Q

Aka humpbacked flies

A

Phorid flies

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57
Q

Sometimes mistaken for fruit flies

A

Phorid flies

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58
Q

Some species are known to breed in human corpses

A

Phorid flies

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59
Q

Heavy infestations in buildings are commonly associated with underground sewage lines that are broken

A

Phorid flies

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60
Q

Of great concern in health-care facilities because of their unsanitary habits and because larvae have been found in the open wounds of patients

A

Phorid flies

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61
Q

Use ILT for adults in mausoleums or temporarily until breeding source can be found and removed in commercial accounts

A

Phorid flies

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62
Q

Pouring bleach and/or boiling water down infested drains is not effective because it does not kill larvae

A

Phorid flies

63
Q

Residuals not required since breeding site elimination offers best controlling term

A

Phorid flies

64
Q

Love to eat sweets

A

Odorous house ant

65
Q

Single, flattened node is difficult to see

A

Odorous house ant

66
Q

Construct nest near moisture source, especially around hot water pipes and heaters

A

Odorous house ant

67
Q

Most likely to enter buildings when their honeydew source is reduced during rainy weather or with leaf fall

A

Odorous house ant

68
Q

Sometimes mistaken for fire ants but are monomorphic

A

Pavement ant

69
Q

Medium-sized, slow moving ant

A

Pavement ant

70
Q

May nest outdoors in soil or indoors

A

Pavement ant

71
Q

Not aggressive, but workers can bite and sting

A

Pavement ant

72
Q

When they excavate for a nest, they typically bring soil up to the surface and pile it it up around the entry hole

A

Pavement ant

73
Q

Prefer high protein diet

A

Red imported fire ant

74
Q

Very important economically and medically

A

Red imported fire ant

75
Q

Responds aggressively when nest is disturbed

A

Red imported fire ant

76
Q

Benzoyl urea insecticide

A

Acts as an IGR

77
Q

Imidacloprid

A

Nervous system toxin

78
Q

Using low rates of insecticides allows slightly resistant individuals to survive and develop resistance.

A

True - to avoid this risk pesticides should always be applied at the label rate, especially for high risk pests like mosquitoes

79
Q

What class of pesticides was DDT?

A

Nerve agents that affect the sodium channels or the chloride channels in nerve cells

80
Q

Malathion, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, and acephates are examples of

A

Organophosphates

81
Q

DDT is an example of what class of pesticides?

A

Chlorinated hydrocarbons

82
Q

Chlordane, Lindan, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, dicofol, and endosulfan are examples of

A

Chlorinated hydrocarbons

83
Q

Must be ingested to be effective. More than one mode of action.

A

Borates

84
Q

Borax and boric acid are examples of

A

Borates

85
Q

Unlike chlorinated hydrocarbons, these are not very persistent and break down relatively quickly in the environment

A

Organophosphates

86
Q

Nerve agent effective against a broad range of insects

A

Organophosphates

87
Q

Work by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase in the nerve cell

A

Organophosphates

88
Q

Dichlorvos, malathion, acephate, and naled are examples of

A

Organophosphates

89
Q

Safer alternative to Organophosphates

A

Carbamate

90
Q

MOA is identical to Organophosphates

A

Carbamate

91
Q

Carbaryl and propoxur examples of

A

Carbamates

92
Q

Highly abrasive and is made of tiny, sharp pieces of fossilized shells

A

Diatomaceous earth

93
Q

Few examples of resistance have been recorded for

A

Physical toxicants

94
Q

Affect the sodium channels in nerve axons

A

Pyrethrins

95
Q

Have the ability to knock down (paralyze) insects very quickly, but many insects have the ability to quickly break down (metabolize) them and thus recover

A

Pyrethrins

96
Q

Almost always mixed with a synergist

A

Pyrethrins

97
Q

Prevents the insects from metabolizing Pyrethrins

A

Synergist

98
Q

Piperonyl butoxide and MGK-264 are

A

Common synergists

99
Q

Why is controlling bed bugs with pyrethroids proven to be difficult?

A

Pyrethroids have the same MOA as DDT. Bed bud populations that developed DDT resistance retained this resistance because both work by affecting sodium channels

100
Q

Esfenvalerate, fluvalinate, and etofenprox

A

Exceptions to the ‘thrin’ rule of pyrethroids

101
Q

Used worldwide as insecticides more than any other class of insecticide

A

Neonicotinoids

102
Q

Neonicotinoids MOA

A

Nerve agents - bind to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors - prevents transmission of information from one cell to another

103
Q

Persistent, broad-spectrum insecticides with relatively low toxicity to people and other mammals

A

Neonicotinoids

104
Q

Imidicloprid, thiamexotham, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, and clothiandin are examples of

A

Neonicotinoids

105
Q

Slow acting and do not repel

A

Phenylpyrazoles

106
Q

Often used in baits for ants, termites, and cockroaches

A

Phenylpyrazoles

107
Q

Work by inhibiting energy production within the cell, and disrupting the nervous system by blocking the GABA-activated chloride channel

A

Phenylpyrazoles

108
Q

Fipronil is the best known example

A

Phenylpyrazoles

109
Q

Diflubenzuron, hexaflumuron, noviflumuron, and lufenuron

A

IGRs (chitin synthesis inhibitors)

110
Q

Pesticide toxicity classes

A

1 - extremely toxic (danger) less than a teaspoon
2 - very toxic (warning) teaspoon to an ounce
3 - moderately toxic (caution) ounce to a pint
4 - slightly toxic (caution) pint to a quart or more

111
Q

Who requires SDS?

A

OSHA

112
Q

Most likely way to be exposed to pesticide

A

Dermal

113
Q

Material of gloves to be worn with fumigant application

A

Cotton

114
Q

Birds associated with histoplasmosis

A

Starlings and house sparrows

115
Q

Only birds that are not protected by federal laws and may be killed or removed without permits

A

European starlings, house sparrows, pigeons
*state and local laws may forbid these and other control methods

116
Q

Primary transmitters of hantavirus

A

Deer mice

117
Q

Should be worn when inspecting a bat-infested area

A

Respirator with a particle filter among other PPE

118
Q

Control measures are mainly limited to exclusion and sanitation due to federal and local laws

A

Bats

119
Q

2/3 water, concentrate, then

A

Add remaining 1/3 water

120
Q

To plug holes and voids

A

Steel wool or copper mesh

121
Q

Used to pest proof holes larger than 1/2 inch

A

Fast drying cement, polyurethane foam, and other materials

122
Q

Different formulations of the same pesticide may require PPE from different chemical-resistance categories.

A

True according to OSHA

123
Q

Special care should be taken to protect what two body parts because they absorb pesticides faster

A

Head and genital areas

124
Q

The most common cartridge requirement for pesticide applicators

A

Organic vapor (OV)

125
Q

If more than one pesticide formulation is to be mixed in one tank, they should be added in the following order:

A
  1. Wettable powders
  2. Flowables and dry flowables
  3. Water-soluble concentrates
  4. Emulsifiable concentrates
126
Q

Calibrate equipment at least

A

At the beginning and middle of each spraying season

127
Q

The best place to dispose of surplus pesticide mixture is

A

On the site of application

128
Q

If too much pesticide is mixed, it may be

A

Applied at other locations with a similar pest problem, or it may be saved for a future application.

129
Q

Triple rinsing ensures

A

99% removal of pesticide residue

130
Q

How to prevent a pesticide container from being reused

A

Punch holes in the top and bottom of the container

131
Q

Three C’s in event of a pesticide spill

A

Control, contain, clean up

132
Q

Four routes of entry recognized for pesticide exposure to humans

A

Dermal, oral, inhalation, and ocular

133
Q

In the event that skin has been burned by pesticides, do not

A

Apply oil, ointment, grease, or other chemical or drugs

134
Q

In the U.S., it takes about _______ years to develop a new pesticide and bring it to market.

A

8-10

135
Q

Indicates that the environment, the user, or other people can possibly be harmed through the use, even if used as directed.

A

Restricted-use pesticides

136
Q

The antenna of termites are always monoiliform and termites in North America never have

A

clubbed or bent antennae

137
Q

Subterranean termite soldiers have smooth

A

Mandibles

138
Q

Most dampwood and drywood soldiers in North America have jagged

A

Mandibles

139
Q

Naustiform termites

A

The soldiers of some species that are known to use chemical secretions from a special gland on the head to repel or entangle prey

140
Q

Subterranean termite soldiers pronotum is

A

Narrower than the head

141
Q

The pronotum of most drywood and dampwood termites is

A

As wide or wider than the head

142
Q

Fontanelle

A

Small opening on the top of the head that secretes defensive fluids

143
Q

Has a pronounced fontanelle on the front part of its head

A

Formosan subterranean termite

144
Q

Drywood termites infest wood that is

A

I’m good condition (moisture levels less than 15%)

145
Q

Fumigants more effective against adults because they must be

A

Breathed

146
Q

Provide a fast knockdown

A

ECs

147
Q

Shelf life is often shorter

A

Baits - since they contain food

148
Q

Generally produce large particles

A

Aerosol cans

149
Q

Many beetles get their common name from

A

The food preferences of the larvae

150
Q

The first sign of wdo beetle damage

A

Usually the presence of holes in wood

151
Q

Important tool when conducting inspections for wdo beetles

A

Moisture meter

152
Q

Minimal standard for monitoring several auditing systems

A

Quarterly - but monthly trends provide even more detail

153
Q

Ants follow structural guidelines so traps and baits

A

Should be placed along foraging routes

154
Q

One pheromone trap should be used for every

A

250-500 square feet for small areas and every 1,000-2,000 square feet for large warehouse areas

ACE (16 decks)

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