Quinolones

Question 1

MOA?

Answer 1

Bind to topoisomerase 2 and 4 stopping the supercoiling of DNA blocking replication

Question 2

Is a —— dependent drug?

Answer 2

Concentration

Question 3

Do they have a post antibiotic effect?

Answer 3

Yes they have a strong antibiotic post effect

Question 4

What tier are they?

Answer 4

Tier-2

Question 5

What circumstances are they indicated for?

Answer 5

Prostatitis in dogs, osteomyelitis due to G(-) deep granulomatous pyoderma, serious RTI, febrile neutropenic patients with G(-) systemic infections, recurrent UTI (Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella)

Question 6

What bacteria are they active against?

Answer 6

G(-) aerobes and some G(+) (e. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus and staph aureus

Question 7

What are they not effective against?

Answer 7

obligate anaerobes and strep

Question 8

They target pseudomonas better then which drugs?

Answer 8

B-lactams and Gentamicin

Question 9

Describe absorption, distribution and excretion?

Answer 9

A - good usually but food/antacids/sucralfate may slow absorption
Highly lipophilic
D - good in most tissues especially prostate (3x plasma conc) ideal for prostatics, kidney, liver, lungs, bones, skin, CSF
Genitourinary tract and RT have higher conc then plasma
E - partially metabolised in the liver with high GI or renal excretion

Question 10

Adverse effects?

Answer 10

Acute blindness in cats (high IV dose)
Cartilage damage in growing dogs (large breeds) and foals
Contradicted during pregnancy

Question 11

What are some other acute-dose related side effects?

Answer 11

nauseas. vomiting, diarrhoea, cutaneous reactions, nephrotoxicity and convulsions (when co-admin with NSAIDs)

Question 12

What are some drugs in this category?

Answer 12

Enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, pradofloxacin, pemafloxacin, trobafloxacin, grepafloxacin

Question 13

Which drug is meat to be safer for use in cats?

Answer 13

Pradofloxacin

Question 14

What can pemafloxcin cause?

Answer 14

Allergies and haemolytic anaemia