Quiz 1 Flashcards
How is child development divided into domains?
three domains: physical, cognitive, and emotional/social
We organize child development theories based on how they take a stand on what three basic issues?
1) Is the course of development continuous or discontinuous? 2) Does one course of development characterize all children, or are there many possible courses? 3) What are the roles of genetic and environmental factors—nature and nurture—in development?
What is continuous development?
a process of gradually adding more of the same types of skills that were there to begin with
What is discontinuous development?
a process in which new ways of under- standing and responding to the world emerge at specific times
What do stage theorists assume?
that people everywhere follow the same sequence of development
What are “contexts” of child development?
unique combinations of personal and environmental circumstances that can result in different paths of change
What ideas are central to John Locke’s philosophy of child development?
continuous development, nurture as main source of development, and high plasticity at later ages; children are a blank slate (tabula rasa)
How does Rousseau describe children?
as “noble savages,” naturally endowed with a sense of right and wrong and an innate plan for orderly, healthy growth
What is maturation as it is described in the book?
a genetically determined, naturally unfolding course of growth
What ideas are central to Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s philosophy of child development?
discontinuous development, stage wise process, nature as main source of development
What is developmental science?
Study of constancy and change throughout the lifespan
What are the domains of developmental science?
- Physical 2. Emotional and Social 3. Cognitive
What is resilience?
The ability to adapt effectively to threats to development
What are the stages of development?
Infancy and Toddlerhood - Birth to 2 years Early Childhood - 2 to 6 years Middle Childhood - 6 to 11 years Adolescence - 11 to 18 years Emerging Adulthood - 18 to 25 years
How did John Locke view development?
child as “tabula rasa” • Experience shapes the child • Praise, not punishment is most helpful; CONTINUOUS