Quiz 1 Part 2

Question 1

Are the circulatory and lymphatic systems completely separated?

Answer 1

no! there is some exchange

the “plasma” part of blood is lymph

Question 2

does the lymph system have a pump?

Answer 2

no- the circulatory system has the heart, but the lymph system moves with the movement of the body and has valves to prevent backward flow

Question 3

Efferent lymphatic vessels travel where?

Answer 3

LEAVES lymph node and enters blood circulation at a vein

Question 4

Where does circulatory exchange take place?

Answer 4

at a lymph node

Question 5

What is meant by a “draining” lymph node

Answer 5

one that has been activated by a pathogen

Question 6

Lymphocytes and lymph return to the blood via….

Answer 6

lymphatics

Question 7

Pathogens from the site of infection reach lymph nodes via…

Answer 7

lymphatics

Question 8

What is a “naive” lymphocyte

Answer 8

those that have not encountered an antigen. they arrive at lymph nodes via arterial blood

Question 9

The adaptive immune response is ____based

Answer 9

antibody

Question 10

WHERE does the innate immune response take place?

Answer 10

at the site of infection

Question 11

Where does the adaptive immune response take place

Answer 11

lymphatic tissue, lymph nodes

Question 12

Describe the structure of a lymph node

Answer 12

B and T cells (lymphocytes) segregate into follicles

afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels allow the entry and exit of interstitial fluid

unstimulated (naive) lymphocytes circulate between blood and lymph

Question 13

What do afferent lymphatic vessels do in relation to a lymph node

Answer 13

at an afferent lymphatic, Interstitial fluid goes IN to the lymph node

Question 14

How many afferent vessels are usually attached to a lymph node>

Answer 14

MULTIPLE

Question 15

What is happening at an efferent lymphatic vessel? how many are there at a lymph node?

Answer 15

lymph LEAVES a lymph node through an efferent lymphatic. it meets up with the heart at the subclavian vein. ONLY ONE

Question 16

Besides afferent and efferent vessels, what else allows entry and exit into and out of a lymph node?

Answer 16

an artery and a vein allow the exchange of blood

Question 17

a lymphoid follicle is mostly made up of ____ cells

Answer 17

B

Question 18

What is a germinal center?

Answer 18

circular piece of a lymph node. it cranks out antibodies that are specific to the pathogen presented

Question 19

____ and ____ go into and out of a lymph node

Answer 19

blood and lymph

Question 20

Through which structure must antibodies leave a lymph node to be able to reach the site of infection?

Answer 20

it doesn’t matter. the lymphatics eventually meet the subclavian vein and go into the blood anyway. The antibodies will reach the site of infection regardless

Question 21

Resident macrophages are ___ living

Answer 21

long

Question 22

What is the purpose of dendritic cells in the innate immune response?

Answer 22

to carry the pieces from the destruction of the pathogen to the lymph node through an afferent lymph vessel. present the pathogen to the T cells and B cells

Question 23

What is the purpose of the plasma cells in the lymph node?

Answer 23

to secrete antibodies

Question 24

Within a lymph node, _____T cells are entering and ____ T cells are exiting

Answer 24

unstimulated are entering (through an artery/afferent lymphatic)
Activated T cells are leaving(through a vein/efferent lymphatic)

Question 25

Name the primary lymphoid tissues

Answer 25

bone marrow and the thymus

Question 26

What do you mean by “PRIMARY” lymphoid tissue?

Answer 26

the bone marrow and the thymus actually make lymphocytes

Question 27

name the SECONDARY lymphoid tissues

Answer 27

-spleen
-adenoids
-tonsils
-appendix
-lymph nodes
-peyer’s patches
-mucosal surfaces

Question 28

All of the secondary lymphoid tissues function the same way as….

Answer 28

a lymph node

Question 29

in which organ are peyer’s patches located. what exactly is it?

Answer 29

well organized lymphoid follicles in the small intestine

Question 30

What is the primary function of the spleen??

Answer 30

filtering blood

Question 31

Contrast the function of red pulp and white pulp

Answer 31

Red pulp— red blood cell monitoring and removal

white pulp — similar structure and function as a lymph node

Question 32

Pathogens that have entered the bloodstream or have escaped degradation in lymph nodes are removed by…

Answer 32

the spleen

Question 33

Describe the basic structure of red pulp and white pulp in the spleen

Answer 33

“plum pudding” —–red pulp takes up most of the room and the white pulp is in circles inside of the red pulp

Question 34

Explain what GALT BALT and MALT are

Answer 34

GALT = gut associated lymphoid tissue
-tonsils, adenoids, appendix, peyer’s patches

BALT bronchial associated lymphoid tissue (lungs)

MALT=mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (includes GALT and BALT combined)

Question 35

How are pathogens delivered to GALT from the blood?

Answer 35

by means of specialized M cells in the epithelium. M cell is like a gate. very selective entry because we dont want the good bacteria getting in

Question 36

If lymphocytes are not activated in GALT, where do they exit through?

Answer 36

efferent lymphatics