Quiz 1 Review

Question 1

Which endocrine gland is most closely associated with the hypothalamus?

Answer 1

pituitary gland

Question 2

Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water from forming urine and as a result, increases blood volume?

Answer 2

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Question 3

Calcitonin is made by the ________ cells of the thyroid gland.

Answer 3

Parafollicular

Question 4

Bronze skin color, hypoglycemia, and a reduced ability to cope with stress (burnout) are signs and symptoms of ________.

Answer 4

Addison’s Disease

Question 5

Which system produces chemical messengers known as hormones?

Answer 5

Endocrine System

Question 6

The percentage of erythrocytes in blood is known as the ________.

Answer 6

Hematocrit

Question 7

The partition where the bundle branches are located is called the ________.

Answer 7

Interventricular Septum

Question 8

The pointed, inferior portion of the heart, known as the ________, rests on the diaphragm and is oriented toward the left hip.

Answer 8

Apex

Question 9

What is the muscular layer of the heart wall?

Answer 9

Myocardium

Question 10

The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are known as the ________, while the two inferior discharging chambers of the heart are known as the ________.

Answer 10

atria; ventricles

Question 11

Which valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?

Answer 11

tricuspid valve

Question 12

Blood leaves the left ventricle through an artery known as the ________.

Answer 12

aorta

Question 13

The transportation of blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart is known as ________ circulation.

Answer 13

pulmonary

Question 14

What are the tiny white cords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricles?

Answer 14

chordae tendineae

Question 15

What is necessary for the transport of oxygen by an erythrocyte?

Answer 15

hemoglobin

Question 16

White blood cells containing granules and lobed nuclei are classified as ________.

Answer 16

granulocytes

Question 17

The process by which bleeding is stopped is called ________.

Answer 17

hemostasis

Question 18

The condition in which maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the baby’s RBCs is called ________.

Answer 18

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Question 19

How would you classify a hormone that is made from cholesterol, such as a sex hormone?

Answer 19

steroid hormone

Question 20

Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids, often caused by a tumor, results in ________.

Answer 20

Cushing’s syndrome

Question 21

Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as ________ while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as ________.

Answer 21

insulin; glucagon

Question 22

Which of the following disorders results from the hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Answer 22

diabetes insipidus

Question 23

Oxygenated blood nourishing the myocardium comes from vessels that branch off the aorta called ________.

Answer 23

coronary arteries

Question 24

The walls of the ________ are substantially thicker because that chamber acts as the more powerful systemic pump of the heart.

Answer 24

left ventricle

Question 25

Which valve is closed during heart relaxation to prevent blood from backflowing from the aorta into the heart?

Answer 25

aortic semilunar valve

Question 26

The type of leukocyte that fights allergies and parasitic worms is indicated by ________.

Answer 26

eosinophil; granulocyte with 2 lobes

Question 27

The most common type of leukocyte is indicated by ________.

Answer 27

neutrophil; granulocyte with multiple lobes

Question 28

The granulocytes are indicated by ________ and ________.

Answer 28

neutrophil & eosinophil; label A & C

Question 29

The lymphocyte is indicated by ________.

Answer 29

large nucleus, little cytoplasm; Label D

Question 30

The monocyte is indicated by ________.

Answer 30

horseshoe shaped nucleus, no granules; Label B

Question 31

The eosinophil is indicated by ________.

Answer 31

Label C; granulocyte with 2 lobed nuclei

Question 32

The neutrophil is indicated by ________.

Answer 32

multi lobed nuclei, granulocyte; Label A

Question 33

The bundle branches are indicated by ________.

Answer 33

D; branches within interventricular septum

Question 34

The atrioventricular (AV) node is indicated by ________.

Answer 34

B; lower left of right atria

Question 35

The atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His) is represented by ________.

Answer 35

C; where the bundle branches meet top of interventricular septum

Question 36

The sinoatrial (SA) node is indicated by ________.

Answer 36

A; top most node of right atria, sends signal to lower AV Node

Question 37

The layer of the heart wall that receives the stimulus from letter E is called the ________.

Answer 37

myocardium; middle muscle layer of heart casing

Question 38

The Purkinje fibers are indicated by ________.

Answer 38

E; fibers that transmit signal to myocardium

Question 39

The glands situated around the thyroid gland that operate entirely under humoral control are represented by ________.

Answer 39

E; parathyroid glands, situated on thyroid

Question 40

The pineal gland is indicated by ________.

Answer 40

A; pinecone shaped gland in brain

Question 41

The pancreas is indicated by ________.

Answer 41

H; below stomach to release insulin and glucagon

Question 42

The thymus is indicated by ________.

Answer 42

F; anterior to heart

Question 43

The gland that is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism is indicated by ________.

Answer 43

D; thyroid regulates metabolism

Question 44

The female glands that are stimulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are indicated by ________.

Answer 44

I; ovaries

Question 45

The gland that hangs from a stalk from the hypothalamus is indicated by ________.

Answer 45

C; pituitary

Question 46

The glands that produce a hormone that is the most important regulator of calcium ion homeostasis of the blood are indicated by ________.

Answer 46

E; parathyroid regulates Ca

Question 47

The gland that produces insulin and glucagon is indicated by ________.

Answer 47

H; pancreas

Question 48

The gland that produces oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone is indicated by ________.

Answer 48

B; hypothalamus actually produces them, pituitary only secretes them

Question 49

The glands that produce catecholamines are indicated by ________.

Answer 49

G; adrenal glands - catecholamines are stress hormones, dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 50

The gland that produces testosterone is indicated by ________.

Answer 50

J; testes

Question 51

The gland that produces melatonin is indicated by ________.

Answer 51

A; pineal gland

Question 52

The gland that produces thymosin is indicated by ________.

Answer 52

F; thymus