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Clin Path 2 - Unit 1 > Quiz 1, WS 1 Lecture 1 and 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 1, WS 1 Lecture 1 and 2 Flashcards

1
Q

red serum/plasma means the sample is what

A

hemolyzed

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2
Q

white serum/plasma means that the sample is what

A

lipemic

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3
Q

yellow serum/plasma means that the sample is what

A

icteric

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4
Q

straw colored/clear serum/plasma means that the sample is what

A

normal

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5
Q

What results from clotting proteins (fibrin) are removed during clotting

A

serum

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6
Q

Results when the fluid portion contains proteins (fibrin) in soluble form

A

plasma

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7
Q

What is used to calibrate the refractometer before and after use?

A

distilled water

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8
Q

red top tube is used for what sample

A

serum

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9
Q

tiger top tube is used for what sample

A

serum

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10
Q

purple top tube is used for what sample

A

whole blood (plasma)

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11
Q

green top tube is used for what sample

A

plasma

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12
Q

blue top tube is used for what sample

A

plasma

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13
Q

additive to red top tube

A

none - no anticoagulant or separator gel

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14
Q

additive to tiger top tube

A

serum separator (Gel Separator or Clot Activator)

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15
Q

additive to purple top tube

A

EDTA

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16
Q

additive to green top tube

A

heparin

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17
Q

additive to blue top tube

A

sodium citrate

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18
Q

when do you centrifuge the red top tube

A

after the clot has formed

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19
Q

when do you centrifuge tiger top tubes

A

after the clot has formed

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20
Q

when do you centrifuge purple top tubes

A

do not centrifuge

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21
Q

when do you centrifuge green top tubes

A

do not centrifuge

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22
Q

when do you centrifuge blue top tubes

A

ASAP

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23
Q

what color tube top would you use for chemistry, serology, most endocrine and chemistry tests

A

red top or tiger top

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24
Q

what color tube top would you use for chemistry tests but not drug concentrations

A

tiger top

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25
Q

what color tube top would you use for running a complete blood count (CBC), hematocrit/packed cell volume, reticulocyte count (immature erythrocytes), or any counts of the aforementioned cells

A

purple top

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26
Q

what color tube top would you use for Knott’s heartworm and whole blood toxicology testing of many agents including selenium, lead, and drug screens (blood chemistries)

A

green top

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27
Q

what color tube top would you use for coagulation tests

A

blue top

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28
Q

what is EDTA

A

anticoagulant

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29
Q

what is the definition of clinical pathology

A

Diagnosing, treating and preventing disease by analyzing bodily specimens and bacteria.

30
Q

what is the definition of hemolysis

A

Destruction of red blood cells.

31
Q

what is the definition of lipemia

A

White plasma or serum, due to the sample having a high concentration of lipids.

32
Q

what is the definition of icterus

A

yellow or jaundice

33
Q

_______ is the _______ portion of blood that has had the ________ proteins removed, a _____ will form.

A

Serum
liquid
clotting
clot

34
Q

______ is the _______ portion of whole blood that will not let a ______ form.

A

Plasma
liquid
clot

35
Q

What do we need to do if a clot forms in a purple top tube? Give an example why this can happen.

A

Redraw the sample and put the new sample in a new tube.

This can happen if the tube wasn’t inverted several times to mix the sample with the anticoagulant.

36
Q

Why is it important not to under fill a treated blood tube?

A

You want the ratio of blood to chemical in the tube to be correct.

Using too much blood will allow a clot to form and using too little blood will dilute the sample (because there is too much anticoagulant).

37
Q

What is the preferred anticoagulant for CBCs?

A

EDTA

38
Q

Why is it important to separate the RBCs from the plasma or serum promptly?

A

It can alter the test results if not separated right away.

39
Q

Around how much time does it take for a clot to form completely in a red top tube?

A

15 to 20 mins

40
Q

name and manufacture of our hematology analyzer

A

Abaxis HM5

41
Q

name and manufacture of our chemistry analyzer

A

Abaxis VetScan

42
Q

when nothing was added to the blood it will clot as it sits, using up the clotting factors from the liquid.

What is this liquid called?

A

serum

43
Q
A

normal blood plasma/serum

44
Q

________ serum

A

hemolyzed serum

45
Q
A

lipemic serum/plasma

46
Q
A

icteric serum

47
Q

which serum sample is normal

A

far right

48
Q

which serum sample is lipemic

A

middle right

49
Q

Which serum sample is hemolyzed?

A

far left

50
Q

which serum sample is icteric

A

middle left

51
Q

what is the correct order to fill blood tubes

A

Blue - Sodium Citrate
Red - No additive
Tiger Top - Gel separator and clot activator
Green - Heparin
Purple - EDTA
Gray - potassium oxalate or sodium fluoride

52
Q

why is it important to fill blood tubes in the correct order?

A

to avoid cross-contamination of the sample by additives found in different collection tubes

53
Q

what is the PCV (packed cell volume) of a well hydrated animal

A

50%

54
Q

what is the percent ratio of cells:

fluid in a sample from a well hydrated animal

A

50% cells:50% fluid

55
Q

what is the mL ratio of blood:

fluid in a sample from a well hydrated animal

A

10 mL blood = 5 mL fluid

56
Q

what is the PCV (packed cell volume) of a dehydrated hydrated animal

A

70%

56
Q

what is the percent ratio of cells:

fluid in a sample from a dehydrated animal

A

70% cells:30% fluid

57
Q

what is the mL ratio of blood:

fluid in a sample from a dehydrated animal

A

10 mL blood = 3 mL fluid

58
Q
A

normal blood sample

59
Q

What kind of blood sample

A

anemic blood sample

60
Q
A

polycythemia blood sample

61
Q

how closely results agree with the true quantitative value of the constituent.

A

accuracy

62
Q

the magnitude of random errors and the reproducibility of measurements.

A

precision

63
Q

the ability of a method to be accurate and precise. Factors: test selection, test conditions, sample quality, technician skill, electrical surges, and equipment maintenance.

A

reliability

64
Q

clerical errors, biologic variables

A

preanalytical errors

65
Q

instrument errors

A

analytical errors

66
Q

Errors in data entry/ record keeping, or interpretive errors.

A

postanalytical errors

67
Q

four things that all samples should be labeled with

A

owner’s last name
patient name/ID number
species
date

68
Q

preferred collection tube for CBCs in mammals and most non mammals

A

purple top tubes

69
Q

-penia

A

decreased number of cells

70
Q

-philia

A

increase number of cells

Clin Path 2 - Unit 1 (13 decks)

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