Quiz 2 Flashcards
(120 cards)
1
Q
Washington took office in the first capital which was _______. Philly was the capital for 10 years after that and then Washington DC.
A
NYC
1
Q
The ________ consisted of Thomas Jefferson as Secretary of state, Alexander Hamilton as Secretary of Treasury, Henry Knox as Secretary of War, and Edmund Randolph as Attorney General
A
Cabinent
2
Q
GW wanted to make sure that the __________ had a connection to the government because all of the executive branch people were from those states
A
large states
3
Q
___________ hated being vice president because he had very little power
A
John Adams
4
Q
The ___________ waited for the president, breaks a tie in house or senate, was not allowed to talk in the house or senate, and was not a member of the cabinet
A
Vice President
5
Q
The __________ served as a continuation of the constitutional convention. The first thing they did was create a Bill of rights.
A
First congress
6
Q
____________ was Speaker of the House of Representatives. He asked for proposals for the Bill of Rights and narrowed it down to 12.
A
James Madison
7
Q
First, a bill goes to ____________, and then the president has to sign it, and then 3/4 of the states have to approve it. The first 10 amendments were approved, which was called the Bill of Rights
A
Congress
8
Q
The government was 54 million in debt and ____________ had to fix it.
A
Hamilton
9
Q
Hamilton’s first proposed bill was called the ____________ (1790). This bill meant that Hamilton wanted the federal government to assume all of the state debt.
A
Assumption bill
10
Q
Hamilton created the ______________ because he wanted people in the US to start seeing themselves as Americans rather than seeing themselves as individuals, which is why he lumped the state debts together
A
Assumption bill
11
Q
_______________opposed the assumption bill because he didn’t understand why people were paying back other states’ money when they had already paid off their bill
A
Thomas Jefferson
12
Q
____________ and ____________ didn’t like each other. The assumption bill still had to pass through the legislative branch (congress) and
Hamilton and Jefferson didn’t have any votes because they were in the executive branch.
Hamilton wanted to make a deal with Jefferson because Jefferson had influence in Congress, so he invited him to dinner
A
Hamilton and Jefferson
13
Q
The proposed deal between _________ and __________ was that Jefferson wanted the capital moved to Washington D.C. Jefferson saw the issues with having the capital with a big city because he thought it bred corruption, he wanted a small city for the capital.
A
Hamilton and Jefferson
14
Q
The area of ___________ was a swamp, it took a decade to build the capital
The people of PA were mad that the capital was being moved from Philly
People thought the capital was going to be in the geographic center of the United States (somewhere near PA or DE)
A
D.C
15
Q
Hamilton’s second proposal was to create a _____________ to stabilize the economy. He used the Bank of England as his argument.
James Madison opposed this because he claimed it was unconstitutional. The bill passed, and the National Bank was called the Bank of the United States (BUS) (1791)
A
National Bank
16
Q
Hamilton sold ____________ to the National Bank. The bank was now able to loan money to people. Hamilton realized that he needed the wealthiest people to invest in his bank.
A
Stock
17
Q
The bank was chartered for _________ years, meaning that the bank had a _________year life (1811) This was when James Madison became President and he opposed the bank.
A
20
18
Q
The bank stabilized the economy and because of this, ___________ was arguably the one who put the economy on firm ground.
A
Hamilton
19
Q
Hamilton’s third proposal was the Tariff of 1789 He needed revenue, so he put a tax on Whiskey. This was called the ____________.
A
Excise Tax
20
Q
the Excise tax lead to ____________.Washington raised an army to put down the Whiskey Rebellion. 13,000 men against 150 who were rebelling, the people who were rebelling stopped rebelling fast. GW was demonstrating the power of the federal government
A
The Whiskey Rebellion of 1794
21
Q
The ____________ occurred when the white Americans started moving into the NW territory and had to take the land that belonged to the natives. the natives lost. This occurred in Ohio.
A
Battle of Fallen Timbers
22
Q
the ______________ was when the natives gave up OH for $10,000. They moved to Present day Indiana
A
Treaty of Greenville 1795
23
Q
______________ did not have the best foreign policy.
A
GW
24
During the French Revolution, France was attacked by many countries. France asked the US for help because they were allies with the US. They believed that the Treaty of Alliance was still valid. _______________did not want to help because it would cost too much
GW's administration
25
the ___________ was when GW declared the US neutral in the French Revolution. Washington faced lots of protests because of this decision. There was also tension within the Cabinet
Neutrality Proclamation of 1793
26
because of the tension from the Neutrality proclamation, _______________ ended up resigning from the cabinet. He believed that Hamilton had too much power over Washington, and that Washington was just his puppet.
Jefferson
27
________________ was between the US and Spain. Farmers had a hard time getting grain across Ohio. They started transporting their goods by water. They had to transport the goods to a larger ship at New Orleans, which Spain owned. The US was allowed to use the docks in New Orleans
Pinkney’s Treaty (aka Treaty of San Lorenzo) of 1795
28
the election of 1796 was the first "real" election. The elected president was _____________.
John Adams
29
the ______________ was not in effect before the second election. This amendment created the ticket with the President and VP combined that we use today. There was a vote for a President and a Vice president, which were separate
Two political parties had formed
Federalists Anti-Federalists (Jeffersonians)
12th amendment
30
Jefferson was the ______________, because he finished second in the election
Second Vice President
31
____________ and ____________ had polar opposite views. Both of them conspired against one another
Jefferson and Adams
32
With John Adams in office, there was a ______________ with France. France had started fighting against the US without officially declaring war. It ended when Napoleon abolished the Treaty of Alliance
Quasi-war
33
The goal of the alien acts was to weaken ___________'s political power
Jefferson
34
Any alien from a country at war with the US could be imprisoned. Because the US and France never went into war, it never came into effect
Alien Enemies Act
35
Lengthened the time it would take for someone to become a citizen from 5 to 14 years. Jefferson’s vision of America appealed more to the immigrants. These people would get the right to vote, and the Federalists didn’t want the Jeffersonian party to get more voters
Naturalization Act
36
Allowed the President to deport any alien who was perceived to be a threat
Alien Friends Act
37
This allowed the government to prosecute anyone engaged in sedition (comments against the government). People were forbidden from criticizing Adam’s administration. 10 people were imprisoned who were all newspaper editors
Sedition Act
38
Jefferson and Madison agreed that if a state believed that Congress had overstepped its power, then a state should be able to call this act null and void. The states would get to have a vote and abolish the law in their state. They made the Alien Sedition Act a national level
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
39
There was a tie between __________ and ___________ in the third election. The Federalists controlled the House of Representatives. The Federalists also did not like Burr. Hamilton knew Burr and feared him. He told people to not vote for Burr because he was scared Burr was going to become a dictator. Jefferson wins the election
Jefferson and Aaron Burr
40
Burr was VP. This election was referred to as the (“revolution of 1800”). The government changed from Federalists to Jeffersonian Republicans
Jefferson's term (1801-1809)
41
Jefferson tasked _________(Secretary of Treasury) with cutting spending
Gallatin was liked by lots of people, even Federalists He cut the size of the army from 4000 to 2500. He cut navy from 25 ships to 7 ships
Albert Gallatin
42
Jefferson did not want a large army
He wanted officers who were __________
He created the West Point academy. To be in West Point, you have to be nominated by someone in the government or congress
People nominated by Federalists did not get in. In the first decade, the party in power had the majority of people in the military
Jeffersonian Republicans
43
Gallatin also cut the staff of the executive branch
Jefferson brought ____________ to work in the Presidential mansion
Jefferson had one personal secretary. The government saved a lot of money, and Jefferson was able to significantly cut the debt
enslaved people
44
______________ cut the federal debt from 83 to 45 million
Jefferson
45
Jefferson's __________ term was successful, but his ___________ was a disaster
first, second
46
This was when Jeffersonians controlled the executive branch and legislative (congress). John Adams wanted to make sure that the Federalists still controlled the judicial branch, so he hired a bunch of people. Jefferson doesn’t give people their jobs. This set the precedent of Judicial Review, the Supreme Court declared this act of Congress unconstitutional
Marbury vs Madison (1803)
47
this was the biggest success of Jefferson's first term. Land in Louisana was owned by France
Jefferson sent men to buy Louisana. They bought the land for 15 million dollars. This doubled the size of the US
Louisiana purchase
48
Jefferson was running for his second term, but he didn't want _____________ as his VP, so ______________ decided to run for governor of NY instead
Burr
49
Hamilton campaigned against Burr which caused Burr to lose. This was the second time that Burr lost because of Hamilton. Burr asked Hamilton to take back what he said but Hamilton didn’t, so Burr challenged Hamilton to a _________ which was illegal
Duel
50
The duel between Hamilton and Jefferson was on July 11th, 1804 in Weehawken, New Jersey.
__________ fired first but missed
Burr fired and murdered Hamilton
Hamilton
51
___________ left NY and fled West. He started to conspire with the governor of the Lousiana territory to try to create an army and take some of Texas
Burr
52
Jefferson realizes that Burr is up to no good . Burr gets arrested for _________________. There was a
trial in Richmond, Burr found not guilty because there was no evidence. Burr flees again
conspiring against the United States
53
Napoleon used the money that he got from selling the Louisana territory to go to war with Great Britain. The US got caught in the middle of this. The British put a __________ on the US and prevented them from trading with France
Blockade
54
___________ was when the British would stop American ships and search for people who they believed were deserters (people who left the British Navy to go to American ships). They would take those people and force them to work for the British Navy. They practiced against Merchant Ships until 1807
Impressment
55
The ____________ occurred when British started practicing impressment against warships.
The Leopard was a British warship, and they opened fire on the Chesapeake, which was an American ship. They also took 4 men. This was essentially a declaration of war
Chesapeake and Leopard Affair
56
he American public wanted war, but ___________ didn’t want war because he was cheap. He wanted to handle it diplomatically
Jefferson
57
Jefferson sent a letter to Britain and demanded four things:
Stop Impressment, Return the four men, pay for damage to Chesapeake, Punish Leapord captain
58
When Jefferson sent the letter to Britain, their response was:
they didn't stop impressment, they returned 3 out of 4 men (1 had been killed), they did pay for the damage, and they punished the captain but not very much
59
Jefferson was angry about how the British responded to his letter so in retaliation, he created the _________________
Embargo Act of 1807
60
The Embargo Act of 1807 forbade any american ship from sailing to any _____________port. This would drastically affect the economy since Americans would not be allowed to trade with other countries. This leads to the Depression of 1808. Jefferson tried to repeal the act, but the economy had already suffered
Foreign
61
____________ was the fourth President. American ships were beginning to sail to the ports again, and impressment was happening again. There was a bad economy. He was also facing problems with Americans in NW Territory
James Madison
62
Tecumseh was Chief of Shawnee, he created a ________________.
There were short battles that took place as white people tried to take over Native land
large alliance with the British
63
There was a pattern which was that the dead Natives had______________. The British were arming Natives to fight against the US. British didn’t want to divert any resources to fight the US, because they were fearful that there would be another war with the US. The Americans were able to figure out what the British had been planning
Brand new British guns
64
There was a call for war that came from Congress in 1810. A big portion of Congress was reelected because 1810 was midterm
Younger men were elected
These people were brought up to hate Britain. They were called ___________, and two examples were _____________.
War Hawks, Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun
65
The war of 1812 began when _______________. For the first two years, Americans were fighting only Natives. British could not afford to send armies yet.
In 1814, Napoleon was defeated which meant that the British were able to fight the Americans
Madison asks congress for a declaration of war
66
Britain sent an army over to the US on August 24th, 1814. They attacked _______________ and burned it.
Washington D.C
67
The British needed to take ___________ in order to take Baltimore. British bombarded Fort McHenry on September 13th, but the flag was still standing in the morning so Baltimore still belonged to the Americans. Francis Scott Key wrote the Star Spangled Bangle. Madison ordered the Presidential Mansion to be rebuilt
Fort McHenry
68
British attempted to attack and take over New Orleans. It was the outlet for the people in the Ohio River valley. If Britain could take New Orleans, they could ____________.
block a lot of trade
69
______________ helped armed New Orleans. He got info from pirates which helped them defeat the British
Andrew Jackson
70
The British army was very powerful
US army was a hodge podge, so they were not expected to win. On January 8th, 1815, the __________won. The war was already over at that point.
Americans
71
The _____________ ended the war of 1812 on December 24th, 1814. After this, the United States' relationship with Britain greatly improved.
Treaty of Ghent
72
____________ allowed the bank to die in 1811. Government didn’t have a bank to borrow from. They had to borrow money and sell war bonds. The two richest men loaned about 7 million dollars at 8% interest. Madison realized the bank was a necessary evil
Madison
73
Madison created the _____________, which was the same bank that Hamilton created. it was also chartered for 20 years. The president in 20 years was Andrew Jackson, he hated the bank
Second Bank of the United States
74
James Monroe was the 5th President. This was during the
______________.US was at peace, and there was only one political party
Era of Good Feelings
75
There were 22 States in the union. ________ were free, _________ were slave states. Missouri applies to the admission to the Union as a slave state, which would upset the balance. Northern states attempt to block this. Maine wanted to come in as a free state
11, 11
76
The _____________ states that the rest of the land in the Louisnana Territory will be divided at 36 degrees 30 minutes. Any state above the line will be free, any state below the line will be a slave state (with the exception of Missouri)
Missouri Compromise
77
Natives from ____________ were attacking the border. Andrew Jackson was instructed to protect Florida, but he interpreted this as “invade Florida”
Florida
78
___________tried to get something out of the invasion of Florida which was to prove that Florida was vulnerable, and Spain should just give Florida to the US
John Quincy Adams
79
US purchases Florida for 5 million
US also received land above _________ degrees North in the ___________. US gave up it’s claim on Texas, but US didn’t really have a claim on Texas
42, Pacific Northwest
80
The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 stated that ___________ was off limits to further European colonization
It was made to offer protection to five newly independent states in Central and South America which were: Mexico, Chile, Peru, Columbia, Argentina
Western Hemisphere
81
US feared that Spain’s ally ________ may attempt to conquer and invade these lands and either return them to Spain or keep them for themselves. Monroe recognized these lands as sovereign states and in 1823 issued the Monroe Doctrine.
France
82
The ___________ was caused by the fact that The U.S. economy had collapsed, which was largely due to overprinting of paper money by state banks.
Panic of 1819
83
The 2nd BUS was ___________ by Madison in 1816 and was supposed to monitor these banks, but it was difficult for a bank based in Philidelphia to monitor banks in the south and west.
recharted
84
The lack of monitoring from banks caused panic as people went to banks to trade their paper money for _____________ This drained the reserves of the banks. It caused many bank closures, which eventually led to economic collapse
gold and silver
85
As the Election of 1824 approached, there was no _______________.
Four men emerged as leading candidates:
John Quincy Adams (Secretary of State) - 84 votes
Henry Clay (Speaker of the House) - 37 votes,
Andrew Jackson (War Hero) - 99 votes
William Crawford (Secretary of Treasury) - 41 votes
Clear successor to President Monroe.
86
Since none of the candidates received a majority, the top three candidates went to the House of Representatives for a runoff. Although Clay was out of the race, he still had power because he had all of the power in the ___________.
House
87
The election of 1824 ended up being a two-man race because Crawford suffered a stroke
Clay still had power so he went to Adams’ house and ______________
Adams told Clay that if Clay made him President, Adams would give Clay Secretary of State
struck a deal
88
John Quincy Adams won the votes and was elected the 6th President.
Jackson was angry because he had won the popular vote and the electoral vote. He and his supporters realized that something must have happened.
Jackson realized that a ___________ had occurred
Corrupt Bargain
89
____________construction started in 1817, completed in 1825
Links together the Great Lakes with the Hudson River
Erie Canal
90
People in the Ohio River Valley could bring their goods to _________which would get them to NYC. This is why NYC surpasses Philadelphia
NYC solely funded Erie Canal
Lake Erie
91
The railroad system was growing rapidly. By 1860, there were 27,000 miles of rail. It was not _________________. Most of it was in the Northeast and Midwest. Chicago was a big hub. South is primarily agricultural, not a lot of factories
Evenly distributed
92
The ___________ was invented in 1844 by Samuel Morse. Most of the telegraph lines ran close to the railroad lines, which were in the North.
Telegraph
93
the _____________ in the north was much greater than it was in the south
population
94
____________ were mostly in cities, pay was very low and mostly Irish immigrants working there
factories
95
the concentration of _________ changed in the south. Cotton production was mostly in the Deep South. The slave trade was over, but people from the Deep South would buy slaves from the Upper South
enslaved people
96
the ____________ was led by Nat Turner in 1831. it took place in VA
Turner was a slave preacher
Killed 55 white people, the rebellion ended in 2 days
Slave owners became much more strict about enforcing slave codes after this rebellion
slave rebellion
97
___________ had a plan, and he wanted to be the next President.
He wanted John Quincy Adams to start his plan and have him build on it when he would be the next president
Henry Clay
98
Clay’s plan was called ____________ and in this plan, he supported federally funded internal improvements, a strong national bank, and a high tarriff
the American System
99
____________ meant that Any improvements to the country should be paid for by federal money
This became a huge debate
Federally funded internal improvements (FFII)
100
There was already a______________ but it was scheduled to expire in 1836 Clay was concerned that a future President would let the bank die
national bank
101
____________ wanted imported goods to be more expensive so that Americans would buy American goods
clay
102
_______________(democrats) was gaining power in Congress, and they blocked most of John Quincy Adams’ bills
The one thing that went through was the Tarriff of 182
andrew jackson's party
103
Most people did not campaign for the election before this one
People believed that you should only be in the government for a short amount of time
__________ and ____________were both campaigning in this election
John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson
104
The election of 1828 was an ugly election because _____________
Jackson claims that the election was stolen from him
Jackson was not a gentleman, but this was not enough dirt to find on Jackson
both the candidates were trying to find dirt on the other one
105
John Quincy Adamas eventually finds dirt on Jackson’s wife, Rachel
She moved in with Jackson before her divorce was finalized
This was a scandal, but _____________ and Jackson won with an overwhelming majority
people didn't care
106
When Jackson was elected president, this was the first time that____________went to the Inauguration
Jackson was a common man just like they were
common people
107
After the ____________, Common people went into the white house and were drunk and started destroying stuff Jackson leaves because he’s so embarrassed by their behavior
He leaves his aids to take care of it and eventually, the party gets taken outside
Inagural ball
108
________________Portrayed himself as a common man, but he was rich now and didn’t align with the common people anymore
Jackson
109
Someone attacked ____________ and had two different guns that both misfired
The guy pulls out a knife
Jackson beat the guy to death
Jackson
110
___________ hated the Tariff of 1828
Many people from SC buy things from Europe
People in SC claimed that the Tarriff of 1828 only benefitted the North because Southerners only buy their goods overseas
People in SC began to threaten to leave the union
SC
111
_____________ suggested that people in SC should nullify the tariff
They nullify the tariff which causes a huge debate
Everyone wanted to know what Jackson thought about the nullification, they thought he would have supported it
Jackson does not support it
John C. Calhoun (VP)
112
after the tarriff of 1828, the tarrif of 1832 was made and _____________ tells SC to nullify this bill as well
Calhoun
113
the ______________ meant that the president had the power to force the military to comply with a rule of Congress. Jackson used this bill to threaten SC
Force Bill of 1833
114
eventually, the ____________ was made, which meant that the tarriff was lowered every year and SC accepted this.
compromise of 1833
115
The ______________ was when Jackson wanted to move the Indians west so that Americans could gain more territory
Indian Problem
116
Jackson had Congress pass the _____________
The Cherokee were not willing to leave their land
People in GA tried to negotiate with the Cherokee, but there were no legitimate claims
removal bill in 1830
117
Cherokee went to the American court system
Cherokee won because GA made illegitimate treaties
Jackson completely defied the supreme court ruling, and sent the army to remove the natives, which started the _____________
trail of tears
118
Jackson hated the national bank
Refers to the bank as the monster
Believed that the bank only benefitted the ______________
Jackson is still pretending to be on the common people’s side
wealthiest people
119
_________ran against Jackson, because he wanted to keep the bank
He asks congress for an early recharter, and congress agrees recharter the bank
Andrew Jackson vetoed the bill
clay
