Quiz 2

Question 1

What is a voided urine collection

Answer 1

Allow small amount to be voided before collecting remainder, clean catch

Question 2

When is it best to take a voided urine sample

Answer 2

Before meal, before meds, first thing in morning (most concentrated)

Question 3

Manual expression of bladder can only be done in

Answer 3

Small animal

Question 4

What is catheterization as a method of collecting urine, is it sterile?

Answer 4

Insert tube into bladder thro urethra, not always sterile

Question 5

Only way to get sterile urine sample from bladder

Answer 5

Cystocentesis

Question 6

UA should be done within __ hrs of collection

Answer 6

2 hrs (can also be refrigerated up to 24 hrs)

Question 7

Before testing a refrigerated sample, it should

Answer 7

Be warmed to room temp

Question 8

If a urine sample sits for too long, what may happen

Answer 8

Disintegration if cells, bacteria proliferation, precipitation of crystals, turbidity of sample

Question 9

Horse urine often appears

Answer 9

Dark brownish w lots of mucous, normally cloudy

Question 10

Excessive foaming in a urine sample May indicate

Answer 10

Protein in the urine

Question 11

We measure specific gravity on what instrument?

Answer 11

Refractometer,

Question 12

Components of urine chemical exam (what is on dipstick)

Answer 12

PH, glucose, bilirubin, leukocytes, protein, ketones, urobilinogen, nitrates, SG (not as accurate as refract.)

Question 13

How to do a microscopic exam of urine

Answer 13

Centrifuge for 3-5 min at 1000-3000 RPM, poor off, resuspend sediment, drop onto slide, observe at 10x low power (or high for bacteria)

Question 14

Size of sample when doing fecal

Answer 14

Ab 1 cubic cm (or 1 g)

Question 15

Mucus in stool may indicate

Answer 15

Constipation

Question 16

Best way to determine tape worms in small animal

Answer 16

Gross exam of feces

Question 17

If parasites are not found on a direct fecal smear it is considered

Answer 17

Inconclusive Bc of small sample size

Question 18

If no ova are seen it is called

Answer 18

NES no eggs seen (not negative)

Question 19

Roundworms, hookworms, whipworms, and strongyles are what type of internal parasite

Answer 19

Nematodes

Question 20

What are cestodes

Answer 20

Flat segmented worms like tape worms

Question 21

What are trematodes

Answer 21

Flat unsegmented worms like flukes

Question 22

Coccidia are what kind of internal parasite, how diagnoses?

Answer 22

Protozoa (single called organism) diagnosed by fecal float

Question 23

If diarrhea is present you (increase or decreased) the amount of sample when doing fecal

Answer 23

Increase Bc water content

Question 24

How long and how fast centrifuge fecal tubes

Answer 24

5 min, 2000-3000RPMs

Question 25

After centrifuging fecal tube, creating a meniscus, and placing a coverslip, how long before observing?

Answer 25

10 min (allow ova to float)

Question 26

Fecals are examined under what objective

Answer 26

Low, high for observation of details

Question 27

Where roundworms are located in infected animal

Answer 27

Small intestine

Question 28

Where whip worms are located in infected animal

Answer 28

Embedded in wall of large intestine and cecum

Question 29

Where hookworms are located in infected animal

Answer 29

Small intestine

Question 30

Objective for RBC count

Answer 30

40x (high power)

Question 31

What boxes are counted for RBC count

Answer 31

5 boxes within the central most square (4corners and center)

Question 32

After counting RBCs, multiply by what to get total /ul

Answer 32

10,000

Question 33

Size of capillary tube for RBC count

Answer 33

5 ul

Question 34

Let hemocytometer settle for how long before reading RBC count

Answer 34

3 min (allow cells to settle to grid floor)

Question 35

Dilution ratio for RBC count | What solution is used?

Answer 35

1:200 | Physiologic saline solution

Question 36

Tool for measuring hgb and units

Answer 36

Hemoglobinometer | G/dL

Question 37

For complete ear evaluation, how many slides are made and for what?

Answer 37

Two slides from each ear; 1 for ear mite check and 1 for exam of microbes

Question 38

For ear mites swab the ___ canal | For microbe check swab the ___ canal

Answer 38

``` Mites= horizontal Microbes= vertical ```

Question 39

Why mineral oil is added to exudate for mite checks

Answer 39

Helps breakdown wax and slowdown mites

Question 40

Genus species of ear mites

Answer 40

Otodectes cynotis

Question 41

Look at ear mite slide under what magnification

Answer 41

10x

Question 42

For a microbe check slide of ear, heat is used to fix unless we are using

Answer 42

Dif quick (has fixative)

Question 43

What color is gram neg and what color is gram pos

Answer 43

Purple- pos | Pink- neg

Question 44

What is malassezia, what objective can it be seen

Answer 44

Yeast, see under 40x

Question 45

What objective bacteria are found

Answer 45

Oil

Question 46

Ear mite eggs look like

Answer 46

Horse strongyles