Quiz 2 - Bronfenbrenner Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is Bronfenbrenner’s interactionist theory called?
Ecological Systems Theory
What is the guiding statement of the Ecological Systems Theory?
Every person is differentially influenced by the different environmental systems
What does Ecological Systems Theory attempt to explain?
Why we behave in similar/different ways in different circumstances and/or environments
According to Ecological Systems Theory, development is the result of what?
Inter-relationships between people and the environment
What are the implications of Ecological Systems Theory?
Cannot evaluate development only within the immediate environment
Must also examine interactions among larger environments in which development occurs
What are the 5 environmental systems?
microsystem
mesosystem
exosystem
macrosystem
chronosystem
What is the microsystem? Examples?
Relationships with direct contact to the child
Parents, teachers, family, doctors
What is the mesosystem? Examples?
Connection between relationships within the
child’s microsystem
teachers talking privately with parents, parents’ interactions with eachother
What is the exosystem? Examples?
Structures/institutions with which the child does
not have direct contact
Parents’ workplace, school board, neighbours, some extended family
What is the macrosystem? Examples?
Larger cultural context in which development
& behaviors occur
Broad ideology, laws & customs of one’s culture, subculture or social class (e.g., provincial/federal government)
What is the chronosystem? Examples?
Connection and influences between layers
over time
Parent loses job, leads to having to move to a different neighbourhood, change schools, losing contact with friends…
Within the microsystem, development is influenced by variables to which the child is _____________ exposed.
What are the three categories of exposure?
What is the most influential and durable influence on the child?
directly
Relationships - family, teachers/peers, religious institutions, neighbours
Environment - geographic location, buildings, crowding, background noise, etc.
Child’s Body - general health, brain functioning, psychological, physiological, emotions
Family is the most influential & durable influence on the child
Most of the child’s behaviour is learned within which system?
This system consists of what type of influences?
These influences are the foundation of what type of growth?
the microsystem
bidirectional influences (e.g., parents’ and children’s actions and responses actively shape each other and their environment)
cognitive/emotional growth
A child/adolescent attending school and thereby learning social norms and forming friendships – is an example of which system?
microsystem
Within the mesosystem, development is influenced by what?
What are some examples?
interconnections between the microsystems
-Interactions between the family and teachers
-Relationships between the child’s peers and the family
A child/adolescent may be withdrawn from his/her peers at school because they feel unloved/unappreciated at home – is an example of which system?
mesosystem
Within the exosystem, development is influenced by what?
INDIRECTLY influenced by institutions
that don’t play an active role in the child’s life
What are four examples of the exosystem?
-government/healthcare/welfare systems
-mass-media outlets
-public/private school board
-parents’ workplace
A child/adolescent on a sports team is able to attend an international tournament because a local/national news organization sponsored the local team – is an example of which system?
exosystem
Within the macrosystem, development is influenced by what?
cultural values & traditions, socioeconomic status, and the laws of one’s country
What does the macrosystem influence?
Macrosystem influences structures/relationships in the exosystem, mesosystem, and microsystem
A child/adolescent learns what types of behaviors are culturally (in)appropriate, and the consequences/rewards for behavior prescribed by society/laws – is an example of which system?
macrosystem
Within the chronosystem, development is influenced by what?
the interaction of time and environment / context
What are five main examples of the chronosystem?
Physiological changes
via maturation
Psychological changes
(cognitive/emotional)
Geographical changes
(relocation, construction, etc)
Divorce or death
of parents
Death or serious injury to
family members /
close friends
