Quiz 2 P2

Question 1

Monomer of DNA

Answer 1

Nucleotide

Question 2

Component of nucleotide

Answer 2

Pentose sugar
Nitrogenous base
Phosphate group

Question 3

Four nitrogen bases

Answer 3

Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine

Question 4

______ is single stranded

Answer 4

RNA

Question 5

_____ is double stranded

Answer 5

DNA

Question 6

DNA is organized into different numbers of _____________

Answer 6

Chromosomes

Question 7

DNA molecules are extremely long so they _______

Answer 7

Fold

Question 8

The DNA in a chromosome is wound around proteins called ___________

Answer 8

Histones

Question 9

The DNA and histones wind together to form _____________

Answer 9

Nucleosomes

Question 10

Nucleosomes pack together to form a thick fiber, which is further shortened by

Answer 10

Loops and coils

Question 11

A

Answer 11

T
Or
U in RNA

Question 12

G

Answer 12

C

Question 13

A process of producing two similar replicas of DNA from an original DNA molecule

Answer 13

Replication

Question 14

Each strand of DNA is a __________ for a new strand during replication

Answer 14

template

Question 15

Enzyme that joins individual nucleotides to produce the DNA molecule

Answer 15

DNA polymerase

Question 16

RNA is copied from DNA

Answer 16

Transcription

Question 17

Enzyme that binds DNA and separates the two strands and builds a strands of RNA as a template

Answer 17

RNA polymerase

Question 18

Sequence of DNA that signals RNA polymerase where to bind and start making RNA

Answer 18

Promoter

Question 19

DNA stays in….. while RNA goes out

Answer 19

The nucleus

Question 20

Transcription takes place in….

Answer 20

The nucleus

Question 21

Translation takes place on ____________ in the cytoplasm

Answer 21

Ribosomes

Question 22

Has the instructions to put together amino acids to make a protein, put together in ribosomes

Answer 22

Messenger RNA

Question 23

_____________ RNA is found in ribosomes along with proteins

Answer 23

Ribosomal

Question 24

Carries each amino acid to the ribosome according to the coded message in messenger RNA

Answer 24

Transfer RNA

Question 25

The instructions for making proteins are found in the _______ of the four nitrogenous bases

Answer 25

Order

Question 26

Code for proteins is read in ____ letters/nucleotides at a time

Answer 26

3

Question 27

Group of nucleotides that specifies a certain amino acid that makes up a protein (sometimes amino acids are specified by more than one)

Answer 27

Codon

Question 28

There are ____ different three-base codons

Answer 28

64

Question 29

The code is read from....

Answer 29

The center

Question 30

Codons represent different _________ _________

Answer 30

Amino acids

Question 31

The transfer RNA carries an .....................

Answer 31

Anticodon

Question 32

Process in which the genetic code in RNA is used to make proteins (takes place in ribosomes)

Answer 32

Translation

Question 33

We have around ____________ genes, while ___________ are used to make proteins

Answer 33

40k | 20k

Question 34

RNA has

Answer 34

Uracil One strand Ribose

Question 35

DNA has

Answer 35

Deoxyribose 2 strands Thymine

Question 36

Proteins make

Answer 36

``` Blood Hair and nails Muscles Cellular messengers Antibodies Enzymes Cellular construction Brain and nerves ```

Question 37

Enzymes called ................... separate the two strands

Answer 37

Helicase

Question 38

The point at which the two chains separate

Answer 38

Replication fork