Quiz 3

Question 1

Who socializes us?

Answer 1

agents of socialization

Question 2

What are the types of agents of socialization?

Answer 2

primary groups and institutions

Question 3

What is the major difference between how middle and lower/working class parents socialize their children according to Annette Lareau?

Answer 3

• Middle class parents see their children as a project and get them involved in lots of afterschool activities - this sometimes creates a sense of entitlement
• Lower/working class parents gave children directions but ultimately depended on others to socialize their children

Question 4

How do families socialize their children differently based on gender?

Answer 4

• first 24 hours after birth
• parents reactions by gender
• parents style of paly
• toys clothes

Question 5

Other than family what is another primary group of socialization?

Answer 5

• peer groups

Question 6

How can peer groups be divided?

Answer 6

toddlers vs adolescence

Question 7

Describe peer groups as toddlers.

Answer 7

• learn to share and interact with equals

- often same-sec peer groups by age 3

Question 8

Describe peer groups in adolecense.

Answer 8

• mixed-sex peer groups emerge
• practice social relationships, roles
• discuss taboo topics
• experience peer pressure

Question 9

How does school socialize us?

Answer 9

• provides cultural values that we dont learn at home
• competitiveness
• status hierarchies
• gender appropriate behavipr

Question 10

How does media socialize us and what are some examples?

Answer 10

• creates value sin society
• ideal body type
• racial and ethnic stereotypes
• acceptable behaviors

Question 11

What is resocialization?

Answer 11

The process of discarding values and behaviors unsuited to a new circumstance and replacing them with new, more appropriate values and norms

Question 12

What are some examples of situations where resocialization must occur?

Answer 12

• prison
• moving to a new country
• getting a new job
• entering or returning from military

Question 13

What is social interactions

Answer 13

how we mutually and

reciprocally shape each other’s behavior

Question 14

What is a status set?

Answer 14

• all statuses held at a given time

- woman, boss, asian, dancer, athelete, daughter

Question 15

What are the two types of statuses?

Answer 15

ascribed and achieves

Question 16

What are examples of ascribed statuses?

Answer 16

• a result of birth, can change easily, if at all

- race, age, sex, class, nationality

Question 17

What are examples of achieved stauses?

Answer 17

• statuses that you have some control over

- felon, lawyer, married person, boy scout

Question 18

How are ascribed and achieve statuses confusing?

Answer 18

• Some statuses are hard to categorize (religion)

- Links between ascribed and achieved status: Ascribed status can help people achieve other statuses

Question 19

What is a master status?

Answer 19

• status which has exceptional importance in defining a person
• our behavior is often judged by others based on our master status

Question 20

What is a study that illuminated master status?

Answer 20

• white vs black felons

- white felons more likely to get a call back than black non- felons

Question 21

Describe higher status interactants (socially)

Answer 21

• Talk more; interrupt more
• Influence outcome of interaction
• Are assumed to be correct
• Mistakes are viewed as atypical

Question 22

Describe lower status interactants (socially)

Answer 22

• Add modifiers to statements
• Are more likely to defer
• Statements are challenged more
• Mistakes are viewed as typical

Question 23

What are roles?

Answer 23

• socially defined expectations that accompany statuses

- we occupy statuses, while we play roles

Question 24

What is role strain?

Answer 24

• Incompatibility among roles corresponding to a single status
• manager who balances (1) concern for workers
  with (2) task requirements
• both functions associated with the same status but hard to do at the same time

Question 25

What is role conflict?

Answer 25

- Incompatibility among roles corresponding to different statuses - mother police officer

Question 26

What is role exit?

Answer 26

when people disengage social roles that have been central to their self-identity in order to establish a new role and identity

Question 27

What is the goal of ethnomethodology/ what is it?

Answer 27

- Developed by Harold Garfinkel - Uncover hidden, taken-for-granted rules in every interaction - Method to illuminate what is taken for granted

Question 28

What is dramaturgy?

Answer 28

- The study of social interaction as theater - Developed by Erving Goffman - Life is a stage - Each event has its own scenery, costumes, props, roles, and scripts - Each “scene” is separated by symbolic curtain

Question 29

What is impression management?

Answer 29

- Acting a certain way to create an image (accurate or not): presentation of self - Give vs. give off - Might not even do that in a calculated way or be conscious of it

Question 30

What is give vs give off?

Answer 30

give- verbal, intentional | give off- gestures, facial expressions

Question 31

What are social groups?

Answer 31

Social groups: building blocks for society and for most social interaction

Question 32

What did George Simmel decide determines a group?

Answer 32

- the size | - "Quntitative aspects of the group"

Question 33

What is a dyad?

Answer 33

- Group of 2 - no majority - never confronted by a collectivity

Question 34

What is a triad?

Answer 34

- group of 3 - The simplest structure in which the group as a whole can achieve domination over its component members - A third member may mediate, rejoice, divide and conquer

Question 35

What happens as group size increases?

Answer 35

- the number of possible relationships increases - in a group of three, three possible relationships exist, but in a group of four, six possible relationships exist

Question 36

What are small groups, parties, and large groups?

Answer 36

- Small groups: face to face interactions, unifocal, lack of formal arrangements/roles - parties: multifocal - large groups: formal structure that mediates interaction, status differentiation

Question 37

What are the kinds of groups?

Answer 37

- primary vs secondary - in groups vs out groups - reference groups

Question 38

What is group think?

Answer 38

- The tendency of group members to conform, resulting in a narrow view of some issue - Illusion of unanimity; discouragement of dissenting opinion

Question 39

What are the two components of social network data?

Answer 39

actors and relations

Question 40

How can relations be presented?

Answer 40

- directed or undirected | - binary or valued

Question 41

What is social cohesion determined by?

Answer 41

- networks are structurally cohesive if they remain connected even when nodes are removed

Question 42

What is embeddedness?

Answer 42

- the degree to which ties are reinforced through indirect paths

Question 43

What does Granovetter aregue about the strength of ties?

Answer 43

- Granovetter argues that, under many circumstances, strong ties are less useful than weak ties - The mechanism is diffusion of information/opportunity through non-redundant ties

Question 44

What is a structural hole?

Answer 44

- a grap between network clusters that would benefit from having the gap closed - your ties matter because of who your contacts are connected to (mother to friend)