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x SCO summer 2015 Pharmacology > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Minocycline

A

PSI, Tetracycline. reversibly binds to 30s ribo. subunit preventing tRNA binding–translation stops.

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2
Q

Valacyclovir (Valtrex)

A

Herpesvirus drug.?Guanosine analog gets incorporated into viral DNA via DNA poly

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3
Q

Cycloserine

A

Second-line antimycobacterial. Inhibits cell wall synthesis

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4
Q

Caspofungin

A

Antifungal, Echinocandin. lyses cell wall.

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5
Q

Fidaxomicin

A

PSI, Macrolide/Ketolide. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.

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6
Q

Fluconazole

A

Antifungal, Azole. Inhibits P450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ERGOSTERL, disrupting fungal membrane.

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7
Q

Dapsone

A

Antimicobacterial, Leprosy drug. Inhibits folate synthesis.

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8
Q

Linezolid

A

PSI, “other”. binds to 50s subunit to inhibit ribosome complex formation.

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9
Q

Isoniazid

A

First-line antimycobacterial. Prodrug gets converted and blocks mycolic acid production

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10
Q

Famciclovir

A

Herpesvirus drug. ?Guanosine analog gets incorporated into viral DNA via DNA poly

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11
Q

Trimethoprim

A

Antifolate. Inhibits dehydrogolate reductase, preventing dihydrofolic to tetra

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12
Q

Amantadine

A

Respiratory flu drug. inhibits viral uncoating. Blocks viral membrane matrix protein M2 so viral and host membrane can’t fuse.

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13
Q

Azithromycin (Zithromax, Zpak)

A

PSI, Macrolide/Ketolide. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.

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14
Q

Micafungin

A

Antifungal, Echinocandin. lyses cell wall.

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15
Q

Acyclovir

A

Herpesvirus drug. Guanosine analog gets incorporated into viral DNA via DNA poly

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16
Q

Nitrofurantoin

A

Urinary Tract Antiseptic. bacteria makes drug a toxic intermediate that damages their DNA

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17
Q

Cotrimoxazole (Bactrim)

A

Antifolate. Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole

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18
Q

Tobramycin

A

PSI Aminoglycoside. Binds to 30s ribo subunit preventing protein synthesis initiation AND cause misreading of mRNA causing wrong AA insertion.

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19
Q

Doxycycline

A

PSI, Tetracycline. reversibly binds to 30s ribo. subunit preventing tRNA binding–translation stops.

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20
Q

Norfloxacin

A

2nd line antimycobacterial and 2nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.

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21
Q

Flucytosine

A

Antifungal, “Other”. drug enters fungal cell and is converted into the antimetabolite 5-FU

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22
Q

Amphotericin B

A

Antifungal, Polyene Antibiotic. binds to ergosterol in membrane making ion pore > death.

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23
Q

Ethionamide

A

Second-line antimycobacterial. Prodrug gets converted and blocks mycolic acid production

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24
Q

Ketoconazole

A

Antifungal, Azole. Inhibits P450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ERGOSTERL, disrupting fungal membrane.

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25
Moxifloxacin
2nd line ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL and 4nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.
26
Pyrazinamide
First-line antimycobacterial. Inhibits growth by lowering intracellular pH
27
Posaconazole
Antifungal, Azole. Inhibits P450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ERGOSTERL, disrupting fungal membrane.
28
Ribavirin
Viral Hepatitis drug. guanosine analog causes dec guanosine triphosphate, blocking DNA/RNA synthesis.
29
Neomycin
PSI Aminoglycoside. Binds to 30s ribo subunit preventing protein synthesis initiation AND cause misreading of mRNA causing wrong AA insertion.
30
Ethambutol
First-line antimycobacterial. interferes with cell wall synthesis
31
Rimantadine
Respiratory flu drug. inhibits viral uncoating. Blocks viral membrane matrix protein M2 so viral and host membrane can't fuse.
32
Capreomycin
Second-line antimycobacterial. Inhibits protein synthesis
33
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Respiratory flu drug. Inhibits neuraminidase, kills virus.
34
Ofloxacin
2nd line antimycobacterial and 2nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.
35
Itraconazole
Antifungal, Azole. Inhibits P450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ERGOSTERL, disrupting fungal membrane.
36
Rifapentine
First-line antimycobacterial. inhibits RNA polymerase to prevent transcription.
37
Ganciclovir
Cytomegalovirus drug. Guanosine analog gets incorporated into viral DNA via DNA poly.
38
Gemifloxacin
2nd line antimycobacterial and 4nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.
39
Telithromycin
PSI, "Ketolide". Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.
40
Trifluridine (Viroptic)
Herpesvirus drug. Flourinated pyrimidne nucleotide inhibits incorporatation of thymide triphosphate into viral DNA ; drug also incoporates into viral DNA.
41
Chloramphenicol
PSI, "other". binds to 50s ribo subunit to inhibit pepbide bond formation.
42
Erythromycin
PSI, Macrolide/Ketolide. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.
43
Streptomycin
Second-line antimycobacterial aminoglycoside. MoA not given.
44
Tetracycline
PSI, Tetracycline. reversibly binds to 30s ribo. subunit preventing tRNA binding--translation stops.
45
Sulfadiazine
Antifolate. Prohibits bacterial production of folate becasuse drug is PABA analogue and competes with dihydropteroate synthetase.
46
Rifabutin
First-line antimycobacterial. inhibits RNA polymerase to prevent transcription.
47
Clindamycin
PSI, "other". Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.
48
Boceprevir
Viral Hepatitis drug. Bind to active site of HCV protease
49
Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
2nd line ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL and 3nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.
50
Sulfamethoxazole
Antifolate. Prohibits bacterial production of folate becasuse drug is PABA analogue and competes with dihydropteroate synthetase.
51
Lamivudine
Viral Hepatitis drug. inhibits HBV DNA poly and HIV rev transcriptase.
52
Anidulafungin
Antifungal, Echinocandin. lyses cell wall.
53
Interferon
Viral Hepatitis drug. MoA poorly known: inhibit viral RNA tranlsation
54
Clarithromycin
PSI, Macrolide/Ketolide. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.
55
Cidofovir
Cytomegalovirus drug. cytosine analog inhibits DNA synthesis wo/ need of viral enzymes.
56
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
2nd line ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL and 2nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.
57
Tenofovir
Viral Hepatitis drug. nucleotide analog inhibits viral reverse transcriptase.
58
Voriconazole
Antifungal, Azole. Inhibits P450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ERGOSTERL, disrupting fungal membrane.
59
Tigecycline
PSI, "Tetracycline"; actually a glycylcycline. reversibly binds to 30s ribo. subunit preventing tRNA binding--translation stops.
60
Clofazimine
Antimicobacterial, Leprosy drug. binds to DNA to prevent using it as a template for replication
61
Nystatin
Antifungal, Polyene Antibiotic. binds to ergosterol in membrane making ion pore > death.
62
Zanamivir
Respiratory flu drug. Inhibits neuraminidase, kills virus.
63
Methenamine
Urinary Tract Antiseptic. Makes formaldehyde at low 5.5 pH
64
Amikacin
PSI Aminoglycoside. Binds to 30s ribo subunit preventing protein synthesis initiation AND cause misreading of mRNA causing wrong AA insertion.
65
Griseofulvin
Antifungal, "Other". Inhibits fungal mitosis until skin sloughs it off.
66
Gentamicin
PSI Aminoglycoside. Binds to 30s ribo subunit preventing protein synthesis initiation AND cause misreading of mRNA causing wrong AA insertion.
67
Sulfacetamide
Antifolate. Prohibits bacterial production of folate becasuse drug is PABA analogue and competes with dihydropteroate synthetase.
68
Terbinafine
Antifungal, "Other". Squalene builds up becuase drug prevents conversion into ergosterl by inhibiting squalene epoxidase
69
Demeclocycline
PSI, Tetracycline. reversibly binds to 30s ribo. subunit preventing tRNA binding--translation stops.
70
Macrolides
Second-line antimycobacterial and PSI. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.
71
Rifampin
First-line antimycobacterial. inhibits RNA polymerase to prevent transcription.
72
Telaprevir
Viral Hepatitis drug. Bind to active site of HCV protease

x SCO summer 2015 Pharmacology (6 decks)

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