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Bio 181 > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

The function of the GP protein coupled receptor is to permit

A

Activation of A G protein

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2
Q

The activation of receptor tryosine kinases is characterized by

A

Dimerization and phosphorylation

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3
Q

Best function of channel receptor

A

Ion influx into the cell

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4
Q

Which of the phone statements about quorum sensing is false

A

Is cell-cell communication in eukaryotes

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5
Q

Signal transduction pathway can be best explained as

A

Sequence of changes in the series of molecules resulting in a response

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6
Q

The lock and key analogy for enzymes applies to the specificity of enzymes

A

Binding to their substrate

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7
Q

Which of the following describes some aspect of metabolism

A

Control activity, synthesis of macromolecules, breakdown of macromolecules

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8
Q

Firefly luciferase catalyzes the following reaction: Luciferin + ATP –> adenl-luciferin + pyrophosphate. What is the role of luciferase ?

A

Lowers the energy of the transition state of the reaction

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9
Q

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs

A

In both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle

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10
Q

Starting with one molecule of glucose, the energy containing products of glycolysis are

A

2 NADH
2Pyruvate
2ATP

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11
Q

Oxidavtive phosphorylation occurs

A

During the electron transport pathway

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12
Q

Which metabolic pathway is common to cellular respiration and fermentation?

A

Glycolysis

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13
Q

When you have a severe fever, what grave consequences may occur if the fever is not controlled?

A

Change in tertiary structure of your enzymes

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14
Q

When chemical, transport, or mechanical work is done by an organism, what happens to the heat generated?

A

It is lost to the environment

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15
Q

Which of the following is an example of potential rather than kinetic energy

A

A molecule of glucose

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16
Q

One skeletal muscle cells undergo anaerobic respiration, they become fatigued and painful this is now known to be caused bye

A

Build up of lactate

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17
Q

For living organisms, which of the following is an important consequence of the first law of thermodynamics

A

The organism ultimately must obtain all of the necessary energy for life from its environment

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18
Q

Which of the following is true for all exgonic reactions

A

The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy

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19
Q

The ATP made during glycolysis is generated bye

A

Substrate level phosphorylation

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20
Q

An electron loses potential energy when it

A

Shifts to a more electronegative Atom

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21
Q

Which of the following is an example of Cooperativity

A

A molecule finding out one unit of a tetramer allowing faster binding at each of the other three

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22
Q

Which of the following produces the most ATP when glucose is completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water

A

Oxidative Phosphorylation (chemiosmosis)

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23
Q

Where is ATP synthase located in the mitochondria

A

Inner membrane

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24
Q

Which of the following statements is representative of the second law of thermodynamics

A

Cells require a constant input of energy to maintain their high level of organization

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25
Which of the following occurs in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell
Glycolysis and fermentation
26
Which of the following is true about anabolic pathways
They consume energy to build up polymers from monomers
27
Which of the following statements is true concerning catabolic pathways
They supply energy, primarily in the form of ATP, for the cells work
28
Which of the following statements describes NAD+
NAD+ is reduced to NADH during glycolysis,pyruvate oxidation oxidation, and the citric acid cycle
29
Where does glycolysis take place in eukaryotic cells
Cytosol
30
Why is ATP and important molecule in metabolism
it provides energy coupling between exergonic endergonic reactions
31
And cellular respiration, the energy for most ATP synthesis is supplied by
A proton gradient across a membrane
32
The active site of an enzyme is the
Is involved in the catalytic reaction of the enzyme
33
How might an amino acid change at a site distance from the active site of the enzyme ultra the enzyme substrate specificity
By changing the shape of the protein
34
What is the term for metabolic pathways that release stored energy by breaking down complex molecules
Catabolic pathways
35
Which of the following is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
36
Increasing the substrate concentration in enzymatic reactions could overcome which of the following
Competitive inhibition
37
According to the induced fit hypothesis of enzyme catalysis which is the following is correct
The binding of the substrate changes the shape of the enzymes active site
38
The mechanism in which the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits in earlier step in the pathway is most precisely described as
Feedback inhibition
39
Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen is present or absent
Glycolysis
40
Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because
There enzymes have high optimal temperatures
41
A chemical reaction that has a positive delta G is correctly described as
Endergonic
42
Energy released by love drug test transport chain is used to pump H+ into which location in eukaryotic cells
Mitochondrial intermembrane space
43
Where are the proteins of the electron transport chain located
Mitochondrial inner membrane
44
Reactants capable of interacting to farm products in a chemical reaction must first overcome a thermodynamic they are known as the reactions
Activation energy
45
The molecule that functions as the reducing agent (electron donor) in a redox reaction
Loses electrons and loses potential energy
46
How does a noncompetitive inhibitor decrease the rate of an enzyme reaction
By changing the shape of the enzymes active site
47
Which of the following intermediary metabolites enters the citric acid cycle and is formed in part by the removal of carbon dioxide from one molecule of pyruvate
Acetyl CoA
48
GTPase activity is involved in the regulation of signal transduction because it
Hydrolyzes GTP to a G protein
49
Lipid soluble signaling molecules such as testosterone close the membranes of all cells only target cells because
Intracellular receptors are present only in target cells
50
In a human karyotype, chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs. If one of these Paris chosen such as 14 which of the following do the 2 chromosomes of the pair have in commom?
Length, centromere position, standing pattern, and treats coded for their gametes
51
Hey human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is
A sperm
52
When A neuron response to a particular neurotransmitter by opening gated ion channels, the Neurotransmitter is serving as which part of the signal pathway
Signal molecule
53
Which of the following most accurately describes a cyclin
It activates a CDK molecule when it is | In sufficient concentration
54
One of the major categories of receptors in the plasma membrane reacts by forming dimers, adding phosphate groups and then activating really proteins. Which type does this
Receptor tyrosine kinase
55
A centromere is a region in which
Chromatids remain attached to one another until anaphase
56
Which of the following is a true transcription factor
They control gene expression
57
Which of the following is characterized by a cell releasing a signal molecule into the environment, followed by a number of cells in the immediate vicinity responding
Paracrine signaling
58
Which of the following defines a genome
The complete set of an organisms genes
59
Independent assortment of chromosomes occurs
This statement is true for meiosis one only
60
Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis
Synapsis of chromosomes
61
Lipid soluble signaling molecules, such as the stuff strewn, plus the membranes of all cells but affect only target cells because
Intracellular receptors are present only in target cells
62
What explains the increased concentration of calcium in the endoplasmic reticulum
Calcium ions are actively imported from cytoplasm into the ER
63
The function of phosphatases is signal transduction is best described as to
In activate protein kinases and turn off the signal transduction
64
Which of the following is true concerning cancer cells
When they stop dividing, they do so at random points in the cell cycle. They are not subject to sales cycle controls, and they do not exhibit density dependent inhibition when growing and culture
65
Cells from an advanced malignant tumor most often have very abnormal chromosomes often an abnormal total number of chromosomes. Why might this occur
Chromosomally abnormal cells can still go through cell cycle checkpoints
66
Why is apoptosis potentially threatening to the healthy neighbors of a dying cell?
Lysosomal enzymes exiting the dying cell would damage surrounding cells
67
What is a cleavage Furrow
A groove in the plasma membrane between daughter nuclei
68
Which of the following is the best explanation for the fact that most transduction pathways of multiple steps
Multiple steps provide for greater possible amplification of a signal
69
Which of the following happens at the conclusion of meiosis one
Homologous chromosomes are separated
70
Scaffolding proteins
Large molecules to which several really proteins attach to facilitate Cascada effects
71
Homologous chromosomes move toward opposit poles of a dividing cell during
Meiosis one
72
For in anaphase to begin, which of the following must occur
Cohesion must be cleaved enzymatically
73
Testosterone functions inside a cell by
Binding who is a receptor proteins that enters the nucleus and activate specific genes
74
Adenylyl cyclase has the opposite effect of which of the following
Phosphodiesterase
75
Density dependent inhibition
And cells become more numerous, the cell surface proteins of one cell contact the adjoining cells and they stop dividing
76
Which of the following is a protein maintained at constant levels throughout the cell cycle to become catalytically active
CDK
77
Where do the microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis in both plant and animal cells
Centrosome
78
One difference between cancer cells in normal cells is that cancer cells
Continue to divide even when they are tightly packed together
79
Which of the following does not occur during mitosis
Replication of the DNA
80
After televisions one of meiosis the chromosome a make up of each daughter cell is
Haploid, And the chromosomes are closed of two chromatids
81
Why has C. Elegans proven to be a useful model for understanding apoptosis?
The nematode undergoes a fixed and easy-to-visualize number of apoptotic events during its normal development
82
Why do chromosomes coil during mitosis
To another chromosomes to move without becoming tangled and breaking
83
The human X and Y chromosomes
Include genes determine and individuals sex
84
After which checkpoint is this cell first committed to continue the cell cycle through M
G one
85
The function of the G protein coupled receptors is to permit
Activation of a G protein
86
The activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase is characterized by
Dimerization and phosphorylation
87
Choose the best function of the channel receptor from below
Ion influx into the cell
88
Which of the following statements about quorum sensing is false
Is cell cell communication in eukaryotes
89
Signal transduction pathway can be best explained as
Sequence of changes in a series of molecules resulting in a response
90
After telophase 1 of meiosis, the chromosomal make up of each daughter cell is
Haploid, the chromosomes are in each composed of two chromatids
91
Homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles of the cell during
Meiosis one
92
Karyotype
Organized images of a cells chromosomes
93
Genome
The complete set of an organisms genes and other DNA sequences
94
A given organism has 46 chromosomes in its karyotype. Therefore, we can conclude that it must
Of gametes was 23 chromosomes
95
Starting with a fertilized egg, a series of five cell divisions would produce an early embryo with how many cells
32
96
The first gap in the cell cycle G1 corresponds to
Normal growth and cell function
97
What is the final result of mitosis in a human
Genetically identical 2n somatic cells
98
Metaphase is characterized by
Aligning the chromosomes in the equator

Bio 181 (5 decks)

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