Quiz 4

Question 1

What are the 2 proposed pathways for initiating OA?

Answer 1

1. Microinjury to subchondral bone
2. decrease in chondrocytes synthetic and repair abilities

Question 2

What are commonly affected joints in OA?

Answer 2

Cervical and lumbar spine, first CMC, IPs, hip, knee, subtalar, first MTP

Question 3

Where are herbeden’s nodes found?

Answer 3

DIP of fingers

Question 4

What is the class IV functional status of RA?

Answer 4

limited ability to perform self-care, vocational and avocational activities

Question 5

In which stage of RA might someone have bony ankylosis?

Answer 5

stage IV

Question 6

Ibuprofen and vioxx are which class of drugs?

Answer 6

NSAIDS

Question 7

Methotrexate is which class of drugs?

Answer 7

DMARD

Question 8

Which type of muscle contraction is recommended for someone in an RA flare up?

Answer 8

isometric

Question 9

RA is an autoimmune disease where the body attacks its own _____?

Answer 9

collagen

Question 10

which condition best describes someone with low back pain greater than 3 months and decreased chest expansion?

Answer 10

ankylosing spondylitis

Question 12

what are symptoms of uveitis?

Answer 12

redness of eye, pain, photophobia, floating in eyes

Question 13

What is the name of the protein receptor attached to the cell membrane of white blood cells and correlates with some autoimmune diseases?

Answer 13

HLAB27

Question 14

Reiter’s disease is thought to be caused by a _______ infection?

Answer 14

bacterial

Question 15

Which condition causes someone to develop a butterfly rash?

Answer 15

Lupus

Question 16

what is the name of protein in gluten that is an amino acid chain not completely broken down?

Answer 16

gliadin

Question 17

sjogren’s disease mainly affects these 2 glands

Answer 17

salivary glands and lacrimal glands

Question 18

the process projecting superiorly of the axis is called?

Answer 18

dens (odontoid)

Question 19

the outer fibers of the disc are called?

Answer 19

annulus

Question 20

what are possible causes of a pinched nerve?

Answer 20

degenerative joint disease, bone spur, tumor, disc protrusion/herniation

Question 21

what are 2 PT treatments that may be helpful to a disc protrusion?

Answer 21

mackenzie exercises, traction

Question 22

which treatment involves repeated extensions to centralize radicular pain from a disc injury?

Answer 22

mackenzie exercises

Question 23

name 3 ligaments supporting the vertebral column?

Answer 23

anterior longitudinal, posterior longitudinal, ligamentum flavum

Question 24

name the surgical procedure that involves cutting the area near the spinous process to access the spinal foramen?

Answer 24

laminectomy

Question 25

which soft tissues could be torn in whiplash?

Answer 25

disc, ligament, joint capsule, muscle, tendon

Question 26

what is a grade IV on the WAD scale?

Answer 26

neck pain with fracture/disc dislocation

Question 27

what factors could affect the severity of whiplash?

Answer 27

vehicle under 30km/h, wearing seatbelt, head turned, history, impact from behind

Question 28

name the condition which causes excessive kyphosis in children

Answer 28

scheuermann's disease

Question 29

a measurement of more than ____ degrees is considered a kyphosis deformity?

Answer 29

40 degrees

Question 30

in scheuermann's disease, these small pockets can form in the vertebral body as disc material presses into the body

Answer 30

schmorels nodes

Question 31

this brace is often prescribed to young people diagnosed with scheuermann's disease

Answer 31

Milwaukee brace

Question 32

the brace is not helpful for deformities more than _____ degrees

Answer 32

65 degrees

Question 33

this surgery for scheuerrman's may be done if the deformity is more than 75 degrees

Answer 33

combined fusion

Question 34

people with lumbar instability may feel worse in this position

Answer 34

extension

Question 35

potential causes for SIJD are?

Answer 35

falls, pregnancy, shorter leg, car accidents, sports injury

Question 36

possible treatments for SIJD are?

Answer 36

SI belt, core stability exercises, prolo therapy (PRP)

Question 37

what is the condition where one vertebrae slides forward compared to the one below it?

Answer 37

spondylolisthesis

Question 38

the most commom cause of death in canada is?

Answer 38

cancer

Question 39

the most common type of cancer in men is?

Answer 39

prostate

Question 40

what does TMN staging stand for?

Answer 40

T- tumor N- node M- metastasis

Question 41

What percent of cancer is preventable?

Answer 41

50%

Question 42

this procedure involves expanding a coronary artery with a balloon catheter

Answer 42

balloon angiopathy (and stent)

Question 43

this procedure is when a vein is attached around a blocked coronary artery

Answer 43

CABG (coronary artery bypass graft)

Question 44

this type of diabetes is primarily caused by lifestyle choices and causes the cells to be less sensitive to insulin

Answer 44

type 2

Question 45

who discovered insulin?

Answer 45

frederick banting, charles best and JJR macleod

Question 46

two types of COPD are?

Answer 46

chronic bronchitis and emphysema

Question 47

treatment for chronic pain should be?

Answer 47

biopsychosocial

Question 48

what is it called when the brain becomes sensitized to chronic pain and the homunculus changes?

Answer 48

Cortical reorganization/ central sensitization

Question 49

what are the 3 parts of the default mode network?

Answer 49

posterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex and inferior parietal lobe

Question 50

what are psychological treatments for pain?

Answer 50

CBT, graded motor imagery, EMDR

Question 51

what type of sleep wave is necessary for processing memories?

Answer 51

slow wave sleep

Question 52

john sarno labels chronic pain as?

Answer 52

the brain protecting you from intense emotions

Question 53

sarno believes the cause of TMS is?

Answer 53

brain reduces blood flow to spinal nerves to reduce pain

Question 54

lorimer moseley did an experiment where red light caused?

Answer 54

report of increased pain

Question 55

these groups experience the highest rates of chronic pain

Answer 55

women over 65, indigenous people

Question 56

you did it!