Quiz 4 Flashcards
(19 cards)
ASD
- neurodev impairment characterized by pronounced by difficulties in social and communication skills across many different contexts, comfortable being with self, 1 in 68 children diagnosed
- DSM 5 criteria present in first 3 years of life, causing sig impairment in function
ASD diagnosis
- 3-4 years symptoms, males 4x more likely to be diagnosed, females may get diagnosed later in life, often in 20s, spectrum disorder
- high vs low functioning replaced with wheel of strengths, weaknesses, needs
music and autism
- strength for many autistic people, better ptich processing, higher prevalence of perfect pitch
- stronger emotional processing through music
- greater response to song in frontaltemporal regions in autistic people
early MT and autism research
MT and observation of autism dev at same time
1. 1940s MT work with autistic children
2. Sherwin in 1953 noted unusual interest, sing differently, ability to reproduce piece accurately
3. first record in 1969 Alvin case study
4. Stevens and Clark 1969 is first experimentaal study on effects of MT with children with autism, one of few studies, primiarly case studies, most articles did not adequately des techniques for replication
premature infant
born before 37 weeks and may be less dev, 10% of babies are premature, cause unknown
benefits of MT in NICU
- increased caregiver satisfaction and reduced stress
- help with noise reg, decibel level higher than recommended, soothing soundscape to help sleep
- mroe cost effective than other therapies bc increase infant weight (one of the req to grad from NICU) due to entrainment to increase sucking for feeding, decrease length of stay, more time at home
Environmental music therapy
Human centred, trauma-informed intervention by MTA that uses the metaphoric and associative properties of live music to modulate patient, caregiver, and staff perception of hospital as welcoming and comforting atmosphere, less hostile
common NICU interventions
- multi-modal neurological enhancement
- activated lullably system song of kin; when infants suck on pacifier, get lullaby reward, learn feeding behaviour
- infant directed singing, environmental MT family, recording heartbeat/songs, individualized lullaby/songwriting music, facilitated caregiver/infant bonding
NICU common goals
- increase state regulation
- enforce non-utritive sucking
- improve oral feeding
- increase attainment of dev milestone
- enhance caregiver/infant bonding
- decreased physioogical symptoms of stress
- increase tolerance to nonaversive stimuli
- increase pain management
NICU: Corrigan (2020) on MT for invasic eye procedure
- 100 preterm infants, MT vs. Standard care
- MT live music, changing music as needs, EBP
- purpose to examine how MT affects family, therapeutic relationship with family and infant, short term pain and stress relief
- use recoding of mother singing lullaby mized with HR at 60 dB, based on EBP to allow it to be easily recognized by premature hearing sys and measured premature infant pain profile
- decrease stress, more rapid recovery, MT only benefits for longer more painful eye exams/surgery
NICU research findings
- premature babies have higher HR with low HRV, MT short term increase HRV
- Better parental well being, less anxiety, more attachment, bonding
- decrease length of hospital stay by 2 days
- normal dev outcomes
- incorporting womb sounds and parents voices
challenges of MT in NICU research
- hearing is a complex neural process, beyond dev of infants, hard to study
- takes years of careful study, for more definitive research of MT for NICU
- a lot of understanding abt neurosci and sensory symptoms commes from research wiht adults and children therefore more research needed
auditory sys dev
- 24-25 weeks: begin to respond to vibroacoustic stimuli
- 28 weeks: hearing struc including appropriate neutral pathways, in place and operational, allowing consitent response to vibroacoustic stimuli\
- 32 weeks: in utero learning of sounds such as music and mother’s voice
- 40 weeks: discrimination for what they like tohear, mother’s voice is fav
multimodal neurologic enhancement
22 step gradual progression that intro diff stimuli to infant, first sound, then touch, then rocking; learn to tolerate sensory stimuli and helps with sleep and dev
pacifier activated lullaby (PAL)
Medical device with pressure sensor on back of paccifier, when babay sucks, play lullaby for 10 sec, music stops unless baby suchs on pacifier again within 10 sec; increase oral motor control for feeding, usually start around 34 weeks
3 thing to know about NICU MT
- closely coordinated with other health care professionals and parents
- infant directed, respond in the moment and react to infant’s response, postitive response faster music, slow down when stressed
- EBP, cannot apply evidence for adults to infants
NICU music characteristics
- simple, calming, no extreme changes, 3 major chords or less; voice alone or voice with one instrument; soothing, constant, stable, unchanding
- light rhythm, slow tempo, melodies in higher vocal range
- native language of family, most relevant to infant
auditory environment in the NICU
- Recommended 45 dB in NICU (conversation), but actual sounds are 70-80 NICU (heavy traffic and vaccum); overstimulation of noise impact sleeping and O2 sat
- adverse effects on parent infant bonding, can impair dev, infant and parents need to form healthy attachment
attachment theory
Emotional bond first formed with caregiver, nourishment is not enough, need emotional needs met to be able to dev properly
