Quiz answers

Question 1

Best description of evolution - WEEK 1

Answer 1

Populations change genetically from one generation to the next

Question 2

Best description of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection? - WEEK 1

Answer 2

Darwin’s theory emphasised that populations vary and change over time

Question 3

Best description of the effect of natural selection on a population - WEEK 1

Answer 3

Improved match between a population and its environment

Question 4

Best definition of natural selection - WEEK 1

Answer 4

A process in which humans decide which plants and/or animals will and will not breed

Question 5

It has been observed that organisms on many islands are different from, but closely related to, similar forms found on the nearest continent. What conclusion is best derived from this observation? - WEEK 1

Answer 5

Island forms are descended from mainland forms

Question 6

What statement is most consistent with data obtained from the fossil record? - WEEK 1

Answer 6

Older strata carry fossils that differ greatlu from living organisms

Question 7

Structures as different as human arms, bat wings, and dolphin flippers contain many of the same bones, which develop from similar embryonic tissues. These structural similarities are an example of ________. - WEEK 1

Answer 7

Homology

Question 8

Which statement best describes whether we should consider the different forms different species? - WEEK 2

Answer 8

They are NOT different species - shown by the fact that they can interbreed

Question 9

Beetle pollinators of a particular plant are attracted to its flowers’ bright orange color. The beetles not only pollinate the flowers, but they mate while inside the flowers. A mutant version of the plant with red flowers becomes more common with the passage of time. A particular variant of the beetle prefers the red flowers to the orange flowers. Over time, these two beetle variants diverge from each other to such an extent that interbreeding is no longer possible.

Which of the following possible causes of speciation best describes the beetle example and what factor has driven it? - WEEK 2

Answer 9

Sympatric speciation; habitat diffrentiation

Question 10

Carolus Linnaeus believed that species remained fixed in the form in which they had been created. Which of the following concepts are inconsistent with Linnaeus’s model of classification? - WEEK 2

Answer 10

phylogenies

Question 11

If biological species are defined in terms of reproductive compatibility, which of the following factors determines the formation of a new species? - WEEK 2

Answer 11

Reproductive isolation

Question 12

Members of two different species possess a similar-looking structure that they use in a similar way to perform about the same function. Which of the following observations would suggest that the relationship more likely represents homology than convergent evolution? - WEEK 2

Answer 12

The embryonic development of the two structures is similar

Question 13

Which of the germ layers gives rise to the muscles? - WEEK 3

Answer 13

Mesoderm

Question 14

What is the blastocoel? - WEEK 3

Answer 14

A fluid-filled bubble in the embryo

Question 15

What is the archenteron? - WEEK 3

Answer 15

The developing digestive tube

Question 16

What type of symetry to parazoa exhibit? - WEEK 3

Answer 16

None

Question 17

Which is the order of development in a deuterostome? - WEEK 3

Answer 17

Anus before mouth

Question 18

Which germ layer do neural crest cells arise from? - WEEK 3

Answer 18

Ectoderm

Question 19

What are eumetazoa? - WEEK 3

Answer 19

Animals with true tissue

Question 20

What is cleavage? - WEEK 3

Answer 20

The early steps of cell division in the embryo

Question 21

Which type of embryp only contains two germ layers? - WEEK 3

Answer 21

A diploblast

Question 22

Vertebrates account for what percentage of animal species on earth? - WEEK 4

Answer 22

3%

Question 23

Cnidaria lack: - WEEK 4

Answer 23

Mesoderm

Question 24

Cnidaria get their name from a specialised type of cell used for defence and predation called a _______. - WEEK 4

Answer 24

cnidocyte

Question 25

The head structure of cephalopods is thought to have evolved from which molluscan structure? - WEEK 4

Answer 25

Foot

Question 26

Sponges are: - WEEK 4

Answer 26

Asymmetric animals

Question 27

Planarians are: - WEEK 4

Answer 27

Platyhelminthes

Question 28

Sedentarians and arrantians are: - WEEK 4

Answer 28

Annelids

Question 29

The archenteron of the developing embryo eventually develops into the: - WEEK 4

Answer 29

Digestive tract

Question 30

The mollusc rasping apparatus used for feeding is called a: - WEEK 4

Answer 30

Radula

Question 31

What does "ecdysis" mean? - WEEK 5

Answer 31

Process of moulting

Question 32

Hexapoda include: - WEEK 5

Answer 32

insects

Question 33

The term for bodies made of a repeating series of segements is _____. - WEEK 5

Answer 33

metamerism

Question 34

What is tagmosis? - WEEK 5

Answer 34

The fusion of body segments into a single body region

Question 35

Which of the following phyla exhibit pentaradial symmetry? - WEEK 5

Answer 35

Echinoderms

Question 36

True lungs first evolved in the _____ species. - WEEK 5

Answer 36

lungfish

Question 37

Which clade underwent adaptive radiations, contributing to the majorty of mammalian diversity on earth today? - WEEK 5

Answer 37

Eutheria

Question 38

What is an exaptation? - WEEK 5

Answer 38

A trait that has a function, but that was not originally produced by natural selection for its current use

Question 39

A major constituent of the tunicate body is ______. - WEEK 5

Answer 39

cellulose

Question 40

An integuments megasproangium is known as: - WEEK 7

Answer 40

An ovule

Question 41

Name a synapomorphy for the angiosperms (flowering plants) - WEEK 7

Answer 41

tectate pollen

Question 42

Name an evolutionary innovation found in gymnosperms - WEEK 7

Answer 42

ovule

Question 43

Name one evolutionary advantage of having a multicellular sporophyte phase - WEEK 7

Answer 43

Sporophyte can produce more gametes

Question 44

Name one of the three living lineages of bryophyte - WEEK 7

Answer 44

liverwort

Question 45

Name the diploid phase of the plant life-cycle - WEEK 7

Answer 45

sporophyte

Question 46

Name the haploid phase of the plant life-cycle - WEEK 7

Answer 46

gametophyte

Question 47

What are the products of meiosis in a plant? - WEEK 7

Answer 47

spores

Question 48

What does an anteridium contain? - WEEK 7

Answer 48

Sperm

Question 49

What does an archegonium contain? - WEEK 7

Answer 49

Egg (female gamete)

Question 50

What is a fruit? - WEEK 7

Answer 50

A mature ovary

Question 51

What is a seed? - WEEK 7

Answer 51

A fertilised ovule

Question 52

What is the main reason conifers are important economically? - WEEK 7

Answer 52

provide wood for contruction and paper

Question 53

What is the reproductive process that defines an angiosperm? - WEEK 7

Answer 53

double fertilisation

Question 54

What structure in the ferm sporangium may be said to promote spore dispersal? - WEEK 7

Answer 54

annulus

Question 55

Which hormone is responsible for the rice plant food survival? - WEEK 8

Answer 55

ethylene

Question 56

By what meabs do meristematic cells communicate with each other? - WEEK 8

Answer 56

Plasmodesmata

Question 57

Name a distinctive feature of plant architecture - WEEK 8

Answer 57

apical-basal polarity

Question 58

Name a distinctive feature of the plant body plan. - WEEK 8

Answer 58

phytomer

Question 59

Name a stage of Arabidopsus embrygenesis - Week 8

Answer 59

Heart

Question 60

Name a type of phyllotaxy - WEEK 8

Answer 60

Decussate

Question 61

What is the term used for when a plant can regenerate from a single cell? - WEEK 8

Answer 61

totipotency

Question 62

Which hormone ensures apical dominance? - WEEK 8

Answer 62

auxin

Question 63

Which hormone is required for climacteric fruit rippening? - WEEK 8

Answer 63

ethylene

Question 64

Which hormone is required for phototropism? - WEEK 8

Answer 64

abscisic acid